Nikolai Sydorovich Vlasik ( May 22, 1896 , Bobynichy Slonim Uyezd, Grodno Province, Russian Empire - June 18, 1967 , Moscow , RSFSR, USSR) - Officer of the USSR State Security Organs. The chief of security I. V. Stalin (1931-1952). Lieutenant General (1945) Deprived of titles and awards (1953).
| Nikolay Sidorovich Vlasik | ||||||||||||||||||||
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| Date of Birth | May 22, 1896 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Place of Birth | D. Bobynichi , Grodno Province , Russian Empire , now Slonim District, Grodno Region | |||||||||||||||||||
| Date of death | June 18, 1967 (71 years) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Place of death | Moscow , USSR | |||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliation |
 the USSR | |||||||||||||||||||
| Type of army | GPU at the NKVD RSFSR | |||||||||||||||||||
| Years of service |  1914-1917 USSR 1917-1953 | |||||||||||||||||||
| Rank |  Lt. Gen. stripped of his rank (1953) | |||||||||||||||||||
| Commanded | Main Security Department of the MGB of the USSR | |||||||||||||||||||
| Battles / Wars | World War I ; Civil War | |||||||||||||||||||
| Awards and prizes |
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Content
Biography
Born into a poor peasant family. Byelorussian. He graduated from the three classes of rural parochial school. He began his career from the age of thirteen: a laborer with a landowner, a digger on a railway, a laborer at a paper mill in Yekaterinoslav .
Start service
1920s
In March 1915 he was called up for military service. He served in the 167th Ostrog regiment of the infantry , in the 251st reserve infantry regiment. For courage in the battles of the First World, St. George received the Cross . In the days of the October Revolution , being in the rank of non-commissioned officer , together with the platoon went over to the side of Soviet power.
In November 1917 he entered the service in the Moscow police. From February 1918 - in the Red Army, a participant in battles on the Southern Front near Tsaritsyn , was an assistant company commander in the 38th Rogozhsk-Simonovsky Infantry Regiment.
Member of the RCP (b) since 1918.
In September 1919 he was transferred to the bodies of the Cheka , worked under the direct supervision of Dzerzhinsky in the central office, was an employee of a special department, senior authorized active division of the operational part. From May 1926, he became the senior authorized officer of the Operations Division of the OGPU , from January 1930 - Assistant Head of the Department there.
Stalin's security chief
near the mausoleum of V. I. Lenin . Late 1920s — early 1930s
In 1927, a terrorist act was committed. Unknown threw a bomb into the building of the commandant's office in Lubyanka. This led to the creation of a structure responsible for the security of the Kremlin and the top officials of the country. [one]
In 1927, [2] he headed the special security of the Kremlin and became the de facto chief of Stalin's guards. At the same time, the official name of his post was changed several times due to permanent reorganizations and reassignments in security agencies. From the mid-1930s - head of the department of the 1st department (guard of senior officials) of the Main Directorate of State Security of the NKVD of the USSR , since November 1938 - head of the 1st department in the same place. In February — July 1941, this department was part of the People's Commissariat of State Security of the USSR , then was returned to the NKVD of the USSR. From November 1942 - First Deputy Head of the 1st Division of the NKVD of the USSR, Head, First Deputy Head of the 6th Directorate of the NKGB of the USSR (1943–1946), Head of the Security Directorate No. 2 of the MGB of the USSR (April – May 1946), Head of the Main Directorate of Protection MGB of the USSR (December 1946 - April 1952) [3] .
Vlasik was Stalin's personal bodyguard for many years and lasted the longest on this post. Having come to his personal security service in 1931, he not only became its head, but also took over many of the everyday problems of the Stalin family, of which he was essentially a member. After the death of Stalin's wife , N. S. Alliluyeva, he was also a tutor of children, practically performing the functions of a major domo.
| He N. S. Vlasik] simply prevented Beria from getting to Stalin, because his father would not let him die. He would not wait a day outside the doors, like those guards on March 1, 1953, when Stalin would "wake up" ... Daughter of N. S. Vlasik Nadezhda Vlasik in the Moskovsky Komsomolets newspaper dated 07.05.2003. |
Vlasik is extremely negatively assessed by Svetlana Alliluyeva in the book “Twenty Letters to a Friend” and positively by his adopted son Stalin Artem Sergeev , who believes that the role and contribution of N. S. Vlasik has not yet been fully evaluated.
| His main responsibility was to ensure the safety of Stalin. This work was inhuman. Always responsible head, always life on the edge. He knew both Stalin’s friends and foes well. And he knew that his life and the life of Stalin were very closely connected with each other, and it is no coincidence that when a month and a half or two before Stalin's death he was suddenly arrested, he said: "I was arrested, which means that soon there will be no Stalin." And, indeed, after this arrest, Stalin lived a little. What did Vlasik have to do with work? It was a work day and night, there was no 6-8 hour working day. His whole life was work, and he lived near Stalin. Next to Stalin's room was Vlasik's room ... He understood that he lived for Stalin in order to ensure the work of Stalin and, therefore, of the Soviet state. Vlasik and Poskrybyshev were like two props for that colossal activity, not assessed to the end, which was led by Stalin, and they remained in the shadows. And with Poskrebyshev did wrong, even worse - with Vlasik.Artyom Sergeev . "Conversations about Stalin" [4] . |
| N. S. Vlasik with I. V. Stalin and his son Vasily . Near cottage in Volyn, 1935 | N.S. Vlasik with his wife Maria Semenovna, 1930s | N.S. Vlasik (far right) accompanies JV Stalin at the Potsdam Conference , August 1, 1945 | N. S. Vlasik in his study. Early 1940s |
In 1947, he was elected a deputy of the Moscow City Council of Workers of the 2nd convocation.
In May 1952, he was removed from his post as chief of Stalin’s guards and sent to the Ural city of Asbest by the deputy chief of the Bazhenovsky Correctional Labor Camp of the USSR Ministry of Internal Affairs. Colonel Nikolai Novik has been appointed the new head of Stalin’s security.
Arrest, court, link
In early December 1952, he was arrested in the case of doctors (and on December 16 and expelled from the party), because he "provided treatment for members of the government and was responsible for the credibility of the professorship."
| Until March 12, 1953, Vlasik was interrogated almost daily. The investigation into the Vlasik case was carried out in two directions: the disclosure of secret information and the plundering of wealth ... After Vlasik’s arrest, several dozen documents classified as “secretly” were found in his apartment ... While in Potsdam, where he accompanied the USSR government delegation, Vlasik was engaged in a flea market ... Help from the criminal case. |
| External images | |
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| Photos of the prisoner N.S. Vlasik. 1952 | |
On January 17, 1953, the Military Collegium of the USSR Supreme Court found him guilty of abusing his official position under especially aggravating circumstances, sentencing him under art. 193-17, paragraph “b” of the Criminal Code of the RSFSR by 10 years of exile, deprivation of the rank of general and state awards.
Under an amnesty on March 27, 1953, Vlasik's term was reduced to five years, without loss of rights. Sent for serving references in Krasnoyarsk .
By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of December 15, 1956, Vlasik was pardoned with the removal of a criminal record, but he was not restored to military rank and awards.
In his memoirs Vlasik wrote [5] :
| I was severely offended by Stalin. For 25 years of excellent work, not having a single punishment, but only one encouragement and reward, I was expelled from the party and thrown into prison. For my infinite loyalty, he gave me into the hands of enemies. But never, not a single minute, in whatever condition I was in, no matter what abuse I was subjected to while in prison, I had no evil in my soul against Stalin. |
Recent years
| External images | |
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| Grave N.S. Vlasik at the New Donskoy cemetery. | |
He lived in Moscow. He died on June 18, 1967 in Moscow from lung cancer [6] . Buried at the New Donskoy cemetery .
Rehabilitation
On June 28, 2000, by a decision of the Presidium of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation, the 1955 sentence against Vlasik was canceled and the criminal case was dismissed "due to the absence of corpus delicti."
In October 2001, the daughters of Vlasik were returned awards confiscated by court verdict [7] .
Awards
- St. George cross of the 4th degree [8]
- Three Orders of Lenin (04/26/1940, 02/21/1945 [9] , 09/16/1945)
- The Four Orders of the Red Banner [10] (08.28.1937, 09.20.1943, 03.11.1944 [9] , 20.07.1949 [9] )
- Order of Kutuzov I degree (02.24.1945)
- Order of the Red Star (05/14/1936)
- Medal "XX years of the Red Army" (02.22.1938)
- Medal "For the Defense of Moscow"
- Medal "For the victory over Germany in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945."
- Two Signs Honorary Worker of the Cheka-GPU (12/20/1932, 12/16/1935)
Special and military ranks
- Major State Security (11/12/1935)
- Senior State Security Major (04/26/1938)
- Commissioner of State Security 3rd Rank (12/28/1938)
- Lieutenant General (07.12.1945)
Personal life
Wife - Maria Semenovna Vlasik (1908-1996).
Adopted daughter - niece Nadezhda Vlasik-Mikhailova (born 1935), worked as art editor and graphic artist at the publishing house "Science".
Nikolay Vlasik was fond of photography. He is the author of many unique photographs of Joseph Stalin, his family members and his inner circle [11] .
See also
- Poskrebyshev, Alexander Nikolaevich
Movie Aviation
- 1983 - Red Monarch (England) (as Glynn Edwards ).
- 1991 - Middle Circle (in the role of Oleg Tabakov ).
- 2005 - In the first circle (in the role of Dmitry Titov )
- 2006 - Stalin. Live (as Yury Gamayunov ).
- 2009 - It is ordered to destroy! Operation: "Chinese Box" (in the role of Mikhail Samokhvalov ).
- 2011 - Yalta-45 (as Boris Kamorzin ).
- 2013 - Son of the Father of Nations (in the role of Yuri Lakhin ).
- 2013 - To kill Stalin (as Vladimir Yumatov ).
- 2015 - Vlasik. Shadow of Stalin (as Konstantin Milovanov ).
- 2017 - Death of Stalin
Literature
- Vlasik N. With. Memoirs about I. V. Stalin.
- Vlasik N. S. // Petrov N. V., Skorkin K. V. Who Directed the NKVD, 1934—1941: a Handbook , Ed. N. G. Okhotina and A. B. Roginsky. - M .: Links, 1999. - 502 p. - 3000 copies - ISBN 5-7870-0032-3 .
- V. Loginov. Shadow of Stalin: General Vlasik and his comrades . - M .: Contemporary, 2000. - 152 p. - ISBN 5-270-01297-9 .
- Artem Sergeev , Catherine Glushik . Conversations about Stalin. - M .: Krymsky Bridge-9D, 2006. - 192 p. - (Stalin: Primary Sources). - 5000 copies - ISBN 5-89747-067-7 .
- Artem Sergeev , Catherine Glushik . How he lived, worked and raised children IV Stalin. Eyewitness testimony. - M .: Krymsky Bridge-9D, Forum SEC, 2011. - 288 p. - (Stalin: Primary Sources). - 2000 copies - ISBN 978-5-89747-062-4 .
Notes
- ↑ Nikolai Vlasik: life and biography .
- ↑ NEWSru.com :: In the declassified memoirs, the head of Stalin’s protection told about his modesty and attempt on the Black Sea
- ↑ http://www.runivers.ru/vestnik/issues/8964/479298/
- ↑ Vlasik Nikolay Sidorovich
- Н. N. Vlasik. Recent years. V. Loginov. M. Shadow of Stalin: General Vlasik and his colleagues. - M .: Contemporary, 2000. - p . 136 . - ISBN 5-270-01297-9 .
- ↑ Top Secret
- ↑ Vlasik again deprived of awards .
- ↑ Muzalevsky M.V. Honorary security officers: 1923-1932. Prince 1. - M .: RIC "Kavaler", 2009. - p. 49.
- ↑ 1 2 3 Awarded in accordance with the Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of 04.06.1944 “On awarding orders and medals for long service in the Red Army”
- ↑ Chronos
- ↑ “Please get me a star” // Private correspondent
Links
- Kremlin-9. Bodyguard notes. (inaccessible link) (inaccessible link from 12/05/2017 [811 days])
- General Vlasik - Stalin's bodyguard (inaccessible link from 12-05-2017 [811 days])
- L. Kolesnik. Stalin's main bodyguard (Judicial case of N. S. Vlasik)
- Trophy cows for General Vlasik
- Memories of the chief of personal security IV Stalin , [1] , [2] , [3] , [4]
- Notes of the main guard Stalin
- Biography options on the site Chronos
- Personal photographer of Stalin