Galahad (Gilead; English Galahad ; fr. Galaad ) - Knight of the Round Table of King Arthur and one of the three finers of the Holy Grail . Bastard son of Sir Lancelot and Lady Elaine . It is noted that Sir Galahad was famous for his chastity and moral purity. The story of Galahad arises quite late in the cycle of novels about King Arthur - he first appears in the Lancelot Graal , and only then the full story of his exploits comes out in the late prose of Sir Lancelot and in the novel by Sir Thomas Malory "The Death of Arthur " .
Content
Conception and childhood
All the known circumstances of the conception of Galahad were outlined by Sir Thomas Malory, which he drew from the Lancelot Graal series of stories. Lancelot, enchanted by the spell, fell down with Lady Elaine, taking her for his beloved Guinevere . Sir Thomas Malory describes how King Pelleas was a sign in which the union of Lancelot and his daughter would give the world a child, a boy, that would be the greatest knight chosen by the Lord to search for and find the Holy Grail. King Pelleas also knows that Lancelot loves only one woman, Queen Guinevere, and will only share the bed with her. Pelleas decides to take a risky step - he is looking for the most powerful sorceress, Lady Bruysen, who gives him a magic ring. This magical artifact allows Elaine to appear as Guinevere and seduce Lancelot.
Sir Launcelot lends itself to Lady Elaine's spell and reclines in her chambers. After the knight discovered a hoax, he runs away from her. However, having learned that Lady Elaine conceived a son from him, she forgives the daughter of the king this act. However, Lancelot refuses to take Elaine to his legitimate wives and returns to King Arthur’s camp. When Galahad is born, his mother leaves him in the nunnery, where he grows under the supervision of the abbess of the holy monastery.
According to XIII century old French prose about the adventures of Lancelot, " Galahad " was the real name of the Knight of the Lake , which was changed in the period of his youth. Therefore, when Galahad is born, he de facto receives the name of his father. The wizard Merlin prophesies that Sir Galahad will surpass Lancelot with valor and succeed in seeking the Holy Grail. Along with this, King Pelleas, maternal grandfather of Galahad, is portrayed as a descendant of Bron, stepbrother of Joseph of Arimathea, who was entrusted with the Holy Grail.
The Quest for the Holy Grail
Upon reaching adulthood, Galahad meets with his father, Lancelot, who takes him into the ranks of knights. Sir Galahad arrives at King Arthur’s camp on Holy Pentecost , accompanied by old Chevalier. As soon as he enters the place where King Arthur’s Round Table is located, Galahad occupies a mysterious Wicked Seat , which only the most worthy knight can sit on, which will succeed in finding the Holy Cup. Those of some who tried to occupy this seat died immediately. Galahad survives and King Arthur, realizing that the greatest knight appeared before him, leads him to the river. There is a sword stuck into the stone, the inscription of which reads: " Everyone is not worthy to take me into his right hand, only the best of the knights will take me " in stone "). Galahad easily takes the weapon out of a stone block, and already King Arthur himself declares him the greatest knight that ever existed. The holy knight becomes one of the paladins of the Round Table. Soon noble men witness the vision of the Holy Grail, which they intend to find. So begin the search for the Holy Chalice.
Galahad himself travels alone and accomplishes many feats: smashes his enemies utterly, saves Parsifal from twenty knights, rescues the maidens from harm, and soon unites with Bors and Parsifal to search for the Chalice. On the way, they meet the sister of Sir Parsifal, who brought three knights to the ship that sails into the land where the sacred artifact is kept. Parsifal's sister dies, saving the paladins. Bors leaves Galahad and Parsifal to say goodbye and bury the body of the maiden.
After a while, the knights arrive in the courtyard of King Pelleas and his son, Eliazar - they will take Galahad to the room where the Holy Grail is kept. Galahad claims the king's blessings to take the vessel to the holy city of Sarras.
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The illegitimate son of Lancelot and Lady Elaine, Galahad from childhood was raised by nuns in a monastery. The young man grew up extremely religious, famous for his gallantry and purity. On the day of Pentecost, Galahad arrived in Camelot to become the knight of King Arthur . The young knight sat in the forbidden Wicked seat , which was considered intended only for the most worthy of the worthy, whom God himself patronizes.
On that day, a knight was presented to the assembled knights in the form of a golden bowl covered with a brocade, in which the knights recognized the Holy Grail - the cup into which Joseph of Arimathea collected the blood of the crucified Jesus Christ. After that, many Knights of the Round Table, and Galahad among them, vowed to go in search of the sacred bowl. On the way, Galahad received the shield of Joseph, who had similar properties to the Seat - he was able to destroy anyone who took him, being unworthy.
As a result, Galahad is the only knight to whom the Grail is given in his hands. After that, Galahad disappears and ascends to heaven as a saint.
Modernity
In 1943, a 5307 consolidated Special Forces brigade was created in Burma, later known as the Merliera Marauders, whose intermediate name was the Galahad Brigade.
In 1966, the British military transport ship Sir Galahad (L3005) was launched.
In 1982, the International Astronomical Union assigned the name Galahad to the crater on the satellite of Saturn Mimas .
In the Kingsman series of films, agents of the agency of the same name carry the names of the characters of Arturiana . The main characters and his mentor have the call sign Galahad .
The Librarians series, season 1-4, John Larroquette-Jenkins (Galeas / Galahad): Library staffer in the Annex.
Foreign sources
- Arthurian Tradition Essays in Convergence. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama, 1988. 90–95. Print. Malory's motives for writing the Holy Grail quest. Galahad sticks out from the rest of the knights.
- Berger, Thomas. Arthur Rex: A Legendary Novel. Boston: Little, Brown, 1990. Print.
- Cohen, Matt. Too Bad Galahad . Toronto: The Coach House Press, 1972. Print. The quirky spirit of the Holy Grail, his quest for the Holy Grail,
- De Beverley, Thomas. The Birth of Sir Galahad 1925. <http://www.lib.rochester.edu/camelot/TDGalahad.htm>. He adds that the poem receives a magic ring.
- Erskine, John. Galahad: His Life to Explain His Reputation . Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, 1926. Print. Follows the story of Galahad's conception and his whole life. Guinevere on Galahad's knightly training, which ultimately leads to.
- Hyatte, Reginald. "Reading Affective Companionship In The Prose Lancelot." Neophilologus 83 (1999): 19–32. Print. Explores the varying speculation of the Galahad and Lancelot.
- Kennedy, Edward D. "Visions of History: Robert de Boron and English Arthurian Chroniclers." Fortunes of King Arthur. Cambridge: DS Brewer, 2005. 29+. Print. Examines the relationship between the Holy Grail quest and the Galahad by giving it a quotation.
- Malory, Thomas. Le Morte Darthur: The Winchester Manuscript. New York: Oxford University Press, 1998. Print. Galahad became knighted by his father.
- Mieszkowski, Gretchen. “The Prose Lancelot ’s Galehot, Malory’s Lavin, and the Medieval Literature.” Arthuriana 5.1 (1995): 21–51.
- Monty Python and The Holy Grail. Dir. Terry Gilliam and Terry Jones. Perf. John Chapman and John Cleese. Python Pictures, 1974. DVD. The movie makes it a bit more beautiful.
- Ruud, Jay. "Thomas Berger's Arthur Rex: Galahad and Earthly Power." Critique 25.2 (1984): 92–99. Print. It is an epitomized dressing pattern.
- Stevenson, Catherine B., and Virginia Hale. "Medieval Drama and Courtly Romance in William Morris'" Sir Galahad, A Christmas Mystery "." Victorian Poetry 38.3 (2000): 383–391. Print. Shows how Galahad is depicted in William Morris “Sir Galahad, A Christmas Mystery”. Displays Galahad's struggle between being perfect and being human.
- Tennyson, Alfred. "Sir Galahad." Galahad and The Grail. University of British Columbia. Web. 17 Nov. 2009. <http://faculty.arts.ubc.ca/sechard/344GAL.HTM>. This site contained many pictures depicting Galahad. The story accounts Galahads emotions before embarking on the quest for the Grail.
- Waite, Arthur. The Holy Grail: The Galahad Quest in the Arthurian Literature . New York: University Books, 1961. Print. This text gives a detailed description of the Holy Grail.
- Wilson, Edmund. "Galahad." The American Caravan. Ed. Van Wyck Brooks, Alfred Kreymborg, Lewis Mumford, and Paul Rosenfeld. New York: Macaulay Company, 1927. Print.
See also
- "The Knight of Gilead " (1880) - a poem by Alfred Tennyson (1809-1892) in the Russian translation of Dmitry Ming.
- Gilead