YM2203 , or OPN , is an electronic component, a sound generator chip, developed by Yamaha . It is part of a family of microcircuits of a similar purpose of the same company that use the phase modulation method for sound synthesis (despite the abbreviation βFMβ, which is also used in official documentation). The microcircuit includes a three-channel FM synthesizer and a complete analog of the General Instruments AY-3-8910 microcircuit (PSG, aka SSG). This chip was often used in slot machines , more than 100 systems using it are known. The first known application in this capacity dates back to 1984 (the game The Legend of Kage by Taito ), the last systems were released in 1996. It was also used in the PC-8800 computer company NEC (1989). Since 2005, the YM2203 has been used as part of the TurboSound FM device on the ZX Spectrum (the TFM Music Maker tracker was written in 2006).
Specifications
The microcircuit contains two different types of three-channel synthesizers: the SSG part (completely similar to the AY-3-8910) and the main FM part.
- SSG part:
- Three programmable rectangular pulse generators (tone generators)
- One amplitude envelope generator
- One programmable white noise generator
- Logical mixer (mixes the output of noise and envelope generators with one or more tone channels)
- Programmable gain
- Separate sound outputs of the three tone channels (can be mixed both in monophonic and in pseudo-stereo signal)
- Two general purpose I / O ports
- FM part:
- Three independent channels (voices) of the FM synthesizer
- Four operators (frequency generators) per channel
- The operators of the third channel can be assigned their own frequency (for other channels, the frequencies of operators can have only multiple frequencies from the main frequency of the channel)
- Each operator has an envelope generator similar to the SSG part
- Channel operators can be initialized separately.
The chip has a performance in the DIP40 package, for the FM part to work, an external DAC chip ( YM3014b ) is required . Despite the presence in YM2203 of a full analogue of AY-3-8910, it cannot be used as a direct replacement, since the pin assignment for these microcircuits does not match.
See also
- Yamaha YM2612
- General Instruments AY-3-8910
Links
- Yamaha YM2203 - a technical description of the chip
- NedoPC - software projects - program tracker for two chips YM2203, TFM Music Maker