The Pennsylvania Station ( eng. Pennsylvania Station ), in common with Penn Station - a train station in New York , one of the busiest in the world [1] , occupies the underground level of the entertainment and office complex of the Pennsylvania-Plaza on the site of Manhattan , limited to the Seventh and Eighth Avenue from the east and west, 31st and 33rd streets from the south and north. Above the station is a sports complex Madison Square Garden . The station owner is Amtrak .
| Station | |
| Pennsylvania station New york pennsylvania station | |
|---|---|
| Amtrak, LIRR, NJT | |
 | |
| opening date | 1910 |
| Number of platforms | eleven |
| Number of ways | 21 |
| Transplant on | subway stations :
|
Content
Description
Every day, the station, located in the middle of the Northeast Railway Corridor Washington - Boston , passes about 300 thousand passengers (at peak hours - one thousand and a half minutes) - more than two times more than Central Station of New York [2] . According to these figures, the Penn Station is noticeably superior to any other station in North America [2] .
The station is served by two metro stations that do not have a transition between each other: one on Seventh Avenue and the other on Eighth. One block east on Sixth Avenue, there is a metro interchange hub , which includes two more stations.
History
The station was built in the years 1905-10 by the Pennsylvania Railroad . It was the largest architectural complex in the style of Beaux-Arts in the United States. Huge pompous colonnades of pink granite surrounded the waiting room, stylized as the terms of Caracalla . The building had several gates resembling the Brandenburg in Berlin . This complex was considered one of the main attractions of Manhattan.
In 1963, the station of the beginning of the century was demolished in a short time and without prior public discussion, in its place in 1968, the rather ordinary office center Two Penn Plaza and the fourth building of Madison Square Garden were opened. This demolition caused a big scandal, which left a noticeable mark on history. In New York, societies of fighters for the preservation of architectural heritage were created, which managed to prevent the demolition of Central Station . As a result of their activities, the enthusiastic attitude towards modern architecture in the international style in American society has changed to a more alert one.
The new station was built on the foundations of the old and using the old platforms. The historian Vincent Scully wrote about the "railway catacombs ": "Before they entered the city like gods, now we crawl like rats." In the 1990s, the Penn Station was modernized, but it is still criticized for the lack of a clear architectural solution and natural lighting [3] .
Notes
- ↑ BBC News - New York's Pennsylvania Station Turns 100
- ↑ 1 2 Kenneth T. Jackson. The Encyclopedia of New York City . New Haven, CT & London & New York: Yale University Press & The New-York Historical Society. Pages 498, 891.
- ↑ A Station Worthy of New York - New York Times