Sandels, Johan Augustus

Born in Stockholm on August 31, 1764. In 1775 he became a cadet, and in 1777 received the rank of non-commissioned lieutenant of artillery. In 1785, Sandels, with the rank of staff captain, joined the Finnish squadron of adelsfan . Two years later he became a major in the Karelian regiment.

During the Russo-Swedish war of 1788-1790, Sandels commanded a separate battalion, with which he participated in hostilities in Finland . Upon its completion, he was promoted to lieutenant colonel of the Karelian Dragoon Regiment, and in 1799 promoted to colonel . In 1803 he received the Savolaksky Jäger Regiment under his command.

During the Russo-Swedish War of 1808-1809, Sandels commanded the 5th Brigade and successfully fought against the Russians in the eastern part of Finland, where on May 2, 1808, he won the battle at Pulkil .

After the surrender of Sveaborg, Sandels had to retreat in front of the superior enemy forces, but in the battle of Idenzalmi on October 27, 1808, he defeated Lieutenant General Tuchkov .

In July 1808, Sandels received the title of Adjutant General, and in November - Major General. The following year he was awarded the title of baron.

In 1809, Sandels took command of the troops located in Westernorrland , and was defeated at the Battle of Hernefors on July 5. On August 25, he occupied Umea .

After the conclusion of peace, Sandels temporarily acted as president of the Military College in 1810, and in 1812 he was appointed commander of the Swedish Life Guards Regiment.

Having received the rank of lieutenant general in 1813, he became commander of a part of the Swedish army sent to Pomerania against Napoleon . He took part in the battles of Grosberen , Dennevice and Leipzig . In 1814, he fought in Belgium , where he commanded the allied forces during the siege of Maastricht .

In July 1814 he was commander of an army unit sent to Norway . In 1815 he was elevated to count dignity and headed the Military College. In 1817 he was awarded the Order of the Seraphim and in November of that year he was appointed chairman of the Riksdag, which had opened at that time in Stockholm. In 1818 he received the rank of general from infantry and was appointed governor of Norway. In 1824 he was promoted to field marshal .

Sandels resigned in November 1827 due to frustrated health. He died on January 22, 1831 in Stockholm .

Sandels was very popular in Sweden. His exploits during the war of 1808-1809 were described by Johan Ludwig Runeberg in one of the verses of the series “Tales of the Ensign of the Table”.

Since 1809, he was married to Baroness Ulla Elizabeth Hermeline.

• Order of the Sword Knight's Cross (RSO) (December 22, 1788) ( Kingdom of Sweden )
• Order of the Sword Knight's Cross with a sword brooch (RSOmstk) (May 16, 1808)
• Baron title (June 29, 1809) ( Kingdom of Sweden )
• Order of the Sword Commander's Cross (KSO) (September 24, 1810)
• Order of the Sword Commander's Cross with a Star (Big Cross) (KmstkSO) (November 23, 1811)
• Order of St. Anne of 1 degree (August 3, 1814) ( Russian Empire ) ^[1]
• Earl title (January 28, 1815) ( Kingdom of Sweden )
• Order of the Seraphim (April 28, 1817) ( Kingdom of Sweden )
• The title of " One of the Lords of the Kingdom " (May 11, 1818)

• Svenskt biografiskt handlexikon. - Stockholm, 1906.
• Biography of Johan August Sandels
• Russia and Sweden: documents and materials: 1809-1818 - M., 1985. - S. 269, 271, 281, 283, 352