All-Russian Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding

All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding (FGBNU VNIIMS) - FANO Scientific Research Institute. Located in Orenburg . The number of employees is 117 people ( 2008 ). 6 departments (the largest is the technology department). It is engaged in breeding and reproduction of cattle . He studies the genetics of cattle in Russia , Kazakhstan , as well as a number of European countries. They are busy with the development of normalized and physiologically oriented feeding of beef cattle. Together with the All-Russian Research Institute of Animal Husbandry, he was the developer of the draft target program "Development of Russian beef cattle breeding for 2009-12." VNIIMS employees work to improve beef cattle in more than 100 farms of the Russian Federation. Over the period of its existence, more than 800 doctoral and candidate dissertations have been prepared at the institute. The emergence of the Orenburg Research Institute of Dairy and Beef Cattle Breeding is associated with the period of reconstruction of the entire research business in agriculture.

In 1934, the Orenburg NIIMS was transferred from the VASKHNIL system to the People’s Commissariat for Grain and Livestock State Farms of the USSR and began to function as a research institute for dairy and beef cattle breeding.

The main tasks of the institute were to develop methods for improving and breeding new breeds of cattle of meat and meat and dairy types, to develop methods for its cultivation and feeding, to study agricultural techniques, use of pastures and breeding new varieties of forage crops.

The institute's area of ​​activity included the regions of the Middle and Lower Volga, Western Kazakhstan, Bashkiria, the Kalmyk region, and the eastern part of the North Caucasus.

The structure of the institute at that time consisted of departments of breeding and genetics, feeding, fodder production, organization and economics, and pet hygiene. According to the documents of 1934, the institute organized departments of artificial insemination, technical propaganda, chemical and histological laboratories.

From the moment of organization, the institute was headed by Aron Iosifovich Belkin, who in a short time ensured its successful work. He devoted a lot of strength and energy to the training of young personnel and scientists. Through the graduate school organized on his initiative, the training of highly qualified personnel for socialist animal husbandry was carried out.

In the beginning, the work of the institute was carried out by a small group of 27 people, of which 20 worked part-time at universities. Only in March 1931 the institute began to be replenished by scientists, and by July 1931 their number reached 44.

In the research work of the institute, great importance was paid to studying the meat qualities of livestock breeds, which are mainly distributed in the southeastern regions of the country, and to finding ways to increase its meat productivity. Methods were proposed for the localization of local livestock by Hereford and Shorthorn imported cattle and the creation on this basis of a consolidated type of meat animals that are well adapted to the harsh conditions of keeping and feeding.

The institute has come a long creative way. Among the most significant achievements of the institute's staff is the creation of a new breed of beef cattle - the Kazakh white-headed, which has spread in many areas of the Soviet Union. The creators of the breed, including Professor K. A. Hakobyan, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences S. Ya. Dudin, Senior Researcher P.E. Zhornokley and others were awarded government awards and the USSR State Prize.

A significant contribution to the development of the forage base of beef cattle breeding was made by V. I. Evseev, A. P. Artemenko and other breeders who created 13 varieties of fodder crops, of which 6 were most widespread.

Scientists P. D. Pshenichny, F. Kh. Kushner, M. F. Lazarenko, V. I. Evseev, K. A. Akopyan, V. I. Fedorov, S. V., were very fruitfully engaged in developing the scientific base of the institute and strengthening its authority. Ya. Dudin, D.L. Levantin, O.V. Garkavi, A.V. Zarkevich, L.P. Prakhov, E.N. Dorotuk, B.L. Gerasimov, S.G. Leushin and others.

Currently, the institute is conducting a lot of work on inbreeding. Over the past 10 years, scientists from the institute, together with specialists from the country's pedigree farms, have created in-breed types of livestock of the Kazakh white-headed, Hereford , Aberdeen-Angus , Kalmyk, Simmental meat types (a total of 7 types). A significant result of breeding work on the Aberdeen-Angus breed was the testing and approval in 2007 of a new, more technological meat breed - Russian hornless.

A breeding center for Kazakh white-headed and Hereford cattle breeds has been created, activities are being carried out in the field of livestock breeding.

The Institute provides scientific support for the implementation of the priority national project "Development of the agro-industrial complex" in the Orenburg, Samara, Volgograd, Chelyabinsk regions, in the Republic of Bashkortostan, Tatarstan and other regions of the Russian Federation.

Over the past 5 years, VNIIMS employees have received 2 prizes of the Government of the Russian Federation in the field of science and technology: in 2005, Professor V. I. Levakhin for “Development and implementation of waste-free technologies for the processing of melons, oil-bearing, bean crops of some types of non-traditional plant materials”; in 2009, professor F.G. Kayumov. for “Development and implementation of a sustainable production system for producing beef based on Russian beef cattle breeds”. The developments of Professor S. A. Miroshnikov were supported by a grant from the President of the Russian Federation for young Russian scientists and doctors of sciences (MD-3234.2005.4).

Research on the topic “Development of new approaches to assessing the animal’s body needs for nutrients and energy at certain stages of postembryonic development”, carried out by prof. Kayumov F.G. and candidate of agricultural sciences Lebedev S.V. in 2006 was supported by a grant from the President of the Russian Federation for young Russian scientists, candidates of sciences and their scientific advisers (MK-7471.2006.04).

Among the promising scientific developments carried out at the institute are works on the theory of animal nutrition and nanotechnology, including within the framework of grants of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research 08-04-13544 ofi_ts "Safety Assessment for the Introduction of Microelement Metal Nanoparticles into the Animal Body"; 09-04-13596 ofi_ts "Research on the processes of creating and testing new drugs of essential elements based on micro and metal nanoparticles"; 08-04-99107 r-ofi “Study of the mechanisms of the cytotoxic effect and antitumor effect of thrombodefensins in in vivo and in vitro models”, etc.

Over the past two years, the subject of the Institute’s research was carried out according to 15 tasks funded by the Russian Agricultural Academy, grants and 85 agreements.

The institute has postgraduate and doctoral studies in 5 specialties. Over the period of work, more than 800 doctors and candidates of sciences have been trained at the institute’s scientific school.

Institute staff are members of the editorial boards of specialized journals and scientific societies. Professor S. A. Miroshnikov is a member of the supervisory board of the Association of European Societies for the Study of Microelements and Minerals (FESTEM).

The VNIIMS team’s developments in 2007-2009 were awarded 11 gold and silver medals of the All-Russian Exhibition Center, gold and silver medals of the All-Russian Exhibition and Competition of the Best Food Products.

Director of the Orenburg Research Institute of Beef Cattle Breeding:

• Belkin, Aron Iosifovich - X. 1930 - III. 1932
• Melnikov, Sergey Vladimirovich - III. 1932 - IX. 1932
• Zarkevich, Adolf Vikentyevich - VIII. 1942 - IV. 1950
• Evseev, Veniamin Irinarkhovich - V. 1950 - II. 1957
• Leushin, Sergey Georgievich - X. 1964 - X. 1982
• Kalugin, Nikolai Vasilievich - X. 1982 - I. 1992
• Mazurovsky, Leonid Zinovievich - II. 1993 - XI. 1998
• Zelepukhin, Alexander Grigorievich - XI. 1998–111 2008
• Miroshnikov, Sergey Alexandrovich - I11. 2008 - present