Scirpophaga innotata (lat.) - a species of Lepidoptera insects from the family of fire-herbs . Distributed in India , Vietnam , Indonesia , Pakistan , the Philippine Islands and northern Australia [2] [3] . A serious pest of rice [2] [4] [5] .
| Scirpophaga innotata |
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| No rank : | Bilateral symmetrical |
| Subtype : | Tracheo-breathing |
| Infraclass : | Winged insects |
| Treasure : | Fully Transformed Insects |
| Squadron : | Amphiesmenoptera |
| Infrastructure : | Butterflies |
| Treasure : | Double-breasted |
| View: | Scirpophaga innotata |
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Scirpophaga innotata ( Walker , 1863 ) |
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- Tipanaea innotata Walker, 1863 [1]
- Tryporyza innotata (Walker, 1863) [2]
- Scirpophaga sericea Snellen, 1880 [1]
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The body length of adults is 13–16 mm; the wingspan of their wings is 22–30 mm; males are slightly smaller than females [2] . Moths of both sexes are completely white, do not have dark spots on the front wings [2] . On the chest they have a bundle of long hairs [6] .
Adult caterpillars 18-25 mm long. The body is white or light yellow; head capsule is black [2] . Pupa is pale, soft [2] .
Caterpillars feed on the stalks of sowing rice , Oryza australiensis , Oryza rufipogon , sugarcane [1] and other wild herbaceous plants [2] , for example, on feed [4] . Adults do not eat at all and live only 4-10 days [2] .
Females lay 80-150 eggs per leaf of a feed plant of caterpillars. Eggs develop 4–9 days [2] .
Caterpillars infect young plants, leaving wormholes, and old plants that break at the wormhole site. Caterpillars bury themselves inside the stems and empty them in nodes and internodes [2] . Caterpillars of the first stage can use silk thread to move through fodder plants [4] . The caterpillar stage lasts 19–31 days [2] . Pupils inside the stems of plants. The pupal stage lasts 7–11 days [2] . The full life cycle of one individual is 30-51 days [2] .
This species is considered a serious pest of rice crops in India and Southeast Asia [2] . Caterpillars bite into the stems of rice and completely empty the middle of the stems . Young plants are affected, leaving wormholes in the stems, and old plants whose stems break in a hollow place [2] . The size of the crop of Scirpophaga innotata and the stage of development of rice plants determines how much crop will be destroyed by the firegrowth. If rice is attacked in the vegetative stage, then the amount of crop loss fluctuates, and if invasion occurs during the development of the fruit, then the loss can be 90–95% [4] .
On about. Java
In 1945, there was an invasion of Scirpophaga innotata on the island of Java , which affected 15,000 hectares of rice crops. In Indramayu County , 11% of crops were spoiled; in some years up to 37%. In some regions, Scirpophaga innotata completely destroyed the rice crop or seriously spoiled it, which caused hunger in some places. In the late 1980s, in Indramayu County, 2,000 hectares of rice were affected by Scirpophaga innotata . In 1990, there was a peak in the invasion of Scirpophaga innotata , then 65,040 hectares of rice were affected (100% defeat of 15,000 ha of rice), resulting in the loss of 210,000 tons of brown rice. In West Java , 10,000 to 20,000 hectares of rice are affected annually [4] .
Population Control
It is possible to reduce the number of individuals in a biological way , that is, using natural enemies ( parasitoids and predators ), or in a chemical way [4] . A more important biological tool to reduce the population is the use of egg parasitoids than larval or pupal parasitoids [4] .
The only best chemical weapons are insecticides if they are used at a specific time during the development of Scirpophaga innotata and plants [4] .
