Marevo

Located in the south of the region on the Marevka River (a tributary of the Pola River , the basin of Lake Ilmen ), 234 km south of Veliky Novgorod .

The village is connected by road with the city of Holm and the village of Demyansk . The population of the village is 2473 people ( 2008 ) ^[3] .

The letter of the Grand Duke Vsevolod, which dates from 1134, mentions the Morea River, a tributary of Pola, but at the same time it clearly suggests that in the 12th century a settlement of the same name existed on the Morea River. ^[9] In the Novgorod annals for 1229 it reads: “The same winter came to Lithuania and the warrior Lyubnya and Morev and Sereger, and chasing after them Novgorod, and having stolen them, and bisha, and having finished all, a month of general ” ^[10] Mentioned in the XIII century as the volost of Grand Duke Morev in the Village Pyatina of Novgorod land .

There are different interpretations of the toponym Morev, used in the Middle Ages and transformed into the modern name of the village of Marevo:

• V. Vasiliev, analyzing in detail the sources and possible variants of etymology, raises the name of the village to the word " sea " (Indo-European. * Mori , * Praslavyansk . * Mor'e ), in the archaic meaning "lake".
• From the consonant words "mar", "haze"
• From the name of the ancient Baltic-Finnish ethnic group, marked in Russian writing as a burrow , spawn or sea
• From the anthroponym Sea - an informal-diminutive form of a personal name such as Polish. Morzyslaw . To justify this version, some characters of Russian history were brought in, bearing the corresponding names and surnames: Poluect Vasilievich More Glebov-Sorokoumov (1443), Ilya Petrovich Morev (1530) and others. ^[ten]

Archaeological excavations show that a settlement on this site existed in the 10th century. ^[9] On the territory of the village, in the floodplain of the left bank of the Marevka River, on a high hill, there is an ancient settlement where fragments of rough pottery ceramics, similar to that found in the early layers of Novgorod and dated to the 10th century, were found. Nearby, on the former graveyard Morevo (Znamensky), burial mounds of the 11th – 12th centuries were identified, associated with one of the early stages of life on the Marevsky settlement. ^[ten]

Being in the interfluve and between the basins of the Ilmen, Volga and Zapadnaya Dvina rivers, Marevo participated in the trade of the north and south and in the protection of the southern borders of Veliky Novgorod, being a border fortified town. Throughout history, the city has been repeatedly attacked by the Swedes, Germans and Lithuanians.

From time immemorial, the inhabitants of Marev were engaged in salt production, fur trade. collecting onboard honey . ^[9]

After the seizure of the northern lands of the Smolensk principality by the Lithuanians, the southern border of the Novgorod land became Novgorod-Lithuanian, and the border Novgorod settlements and volosts, including Moreva, were forced to experience a dangerous neighborhood of the Lithuanian state. The impact of Lithuania was reflected, in particular, not only in the raids of the Lithuanian detachments into the southern Novgorod possessions, but also in the acquisition by some volosts of the special status enshrined in the agreements (“completion”) of Novgorod with the Lithuanian grand dukes. The special status of the border territories was that the adjacent volosts of Morev, Molvyatitsa, Kunsko, Sterzh, Zhabno, Berezovets, Buitsy, Lopastitsy and some others, while remaining part of the Novgorod Republic, in the 15th century paid a part of the income determined by the agreements (the so-called “black kuna” ») To the Lithuanian grand-ducal treasury. So, Moreva parish was to pay taxes to the Lithuanian Grand Duke, as well as tyun (revenue collector) in the amount of “ forty marten and eighty bbl, and Petrovshchina a ruble, and in the autumn half a ruble ”. ^[ten]

Thanks to the conquest of part of the land from the Lithuanians, the expansion of the border to the west, Marevo loses its importance as a frontier outpost and turns into the peaceful commercial and industrial village of Marevo Ryadok.

Handicrafts are developing: sheepskin, shoe, pottery, cooper, blacksmithing, cart crafts, tinning of samovars

In 1482, Marevo along with the parish was transferred to the possession of Prince F.I. Belsky, who " ran from Lithuania from King Casimir to Grand Duke Ivan Vasilievich, and did not have time to take his wife with him, and the great prince granted him, gave him the city of Demon on the estate and Morev with many volosts . " ^[9]

In the XIX - early XX centuries, the village belonged to the Demyansk district of the Novgorod province.

The village was badly damaged during the Demian operation in the Great Patriotic War .

In Soviet times, the flax industry was actively developing here. According to the results of its activities, the Molvotitsky Flax Mill took first place in Russia. ^[9]

• Church of the Assumption of the Virgin ( XIX century )
• Museum of Local Lore Marevo. Opened January 6, 1998. In 2007 he won the title of "Best Museum of the Novgorod Region." At the beginning of 2018, the museum participated in the All-Russian competition for the best regional museum of military history and earned an award in the nomination “The Best Museum of a Rural Settlement”. ^[eleven]

In the area not far from Marev there are park ensembles in the former estates:

• 3 km from Marev - Khlebalovo (late XVIII - early XIX centuries) (natural monument of regional significance)
• near the village of Bolshoye Zaselie - Dirino (XIX century)
• in the village of Velily - Fedyaevschina (XIX century)

Enterprises of forestry, wood processing.

• Vasiliev V. The mystery of the name of the village of Marevo // Chelo: Almanac. Veliky Novgorod, 2002. No. 1 (23). S. 41–46. Text (pdf)

• Marevsky territory
• Marevsky district
• Museum of Local Lore Marevo