Minna Kant ( Finn. Minna Canth ; nee Ulrika Wilhelmina Johnson [1] Swede. Ulrika Wilhelmina Johnson ; March 19, 1844 , Tammerfors - May 12, 1897 , Kuopio , Grand Duchy of Finland ) - Finnish writer, playwright, journalist, author of short stories, short stories and plays, the first famous woman writer in Finland. She created her works both in Finnish and in Swedish .
| Minna Kant | |
|---|---|
| fin. Minna canth | |
 | |
| Birth name | Swede. Ulrika Wilhelmina Johnson |
| Date of Birth | March 19, 1844 |
| Place of Birth | Tammerfors , VKF |
| Date of death | May 12, 1897 (53 years old) |
| Place of death | Kuopio , VKF |
| Citizenship (citizenship) | |
| Occupation | writer , playwright , journalist , public figure |
| Years of creativity | 1878 - 1897 |
| Direction | realism |
| Genre | story , tale , play |
| Language of Works | Finnish , Swedish |
| Autograph | |
Minna Kant is also known as a public figure, a fighter for women's equality. In recognition of her services to society, her birthday, March 19, is celebrated in Finland as a public holiday - Equality Day [2] [3]
Biography
Born March 19, 1844 in Tammerfors in the family of a merchant Gustav Wilhelm Johnson ( Swede Gustaf Wilhelm Johnson sometimes meets another version of the surname - Johnsson ) and his wife Ulrika Antintyutar, nee Archelin ( Swede. Ulrika Antintytär Archelin ) [1] . In childhood, she moved with her parents to Kuopio .
She received a teacher’s diploma from a public school in Jyväskylä [4] , where she met with her husband, natural science lecturer Johan Ferdinand Kant, whom she married in 1865.
After the death of her husband, Minna Kant moved with her children back to Kuopio, where in the footsteps of her parents she also made a career in commerce.
Finnish Literature in the Mid-19th Century
Although the first samples of fiction in Finnish belong to the middle of the 16th century , when Abos Bishop Mikael Agricola (c. 1510-1557) published the Primer of the Finnish Language ( ABCkiria ), translation of the New Testament and other books [5] , until the 1830s it practically did not develop.
The first major Finnish-speaking writer was Alexis Kiwi (1834–1872). The second writer, comparable with him in the scale of his talent, was Minna Kant.
Playwright
Minna Kant wrote plays in both Finnish and Swedish . In Finnish, she co-authored with Kaarlo Bergbum for the Finnish Theater in Helsinki (now the Finnish National Theater) . In Swedish - plays for the Swedish Theater in Helsinki [1] .
Essay Review
In her first works, Kant wrote about the life of the village, “Novels and Stories” (1878), as well as two plays, “Burglary (1882) and“ In the Royal House ”(1883), are largely devoted to this topic. [6]
The lives of workers, their lack of rights and poverty are devoted to the play “The Worker's Wife” (1885) and the novel “Poor People” (1886) [6] .
Bibliography
- Some publications by Minna Kant
Before the year of publication, the publisher is indicated.
- Agnes ( Otava 1911 )
- Anna Liisa ( WSOY 1895 )
- Hanna (Edlund 1886)
- Hän on Sysmästä (WSOY 1893)
- Kotoa pois (Otava 1895)
- Kovan onnen lapsia (Edlund 1888)
- Köyhää kansaa (Poor People) (Edlund 1886)
- Lain mukaan ; Kauppa-Lopo (Weilin & Göös 1889)
- Murtovarkaus (Burglary) (WSOY 1883)
- Papin perhe ( otava 1891)
- Roinilan talossa (“At the Royal House”) (WSOY 1885)
- Salakari (Edlund 1887)
- Spiritistinen istunto (Telén 1894)
- Sylvi (Otava 1893)
- Työmiehen vaimo ( Worker 's Wife) (WSOY 1885)
Editions in Russian
- Homsantu. - 1960.
Films
The first Finnish feature film was shot in 1913 - it was the picture "Sylvia" according to the story of the same name by Minna Kant [7] . In total, about twenty feature and television films were shot based on the works of Minna Kant [8] :
Family
- Husband - Johan Ferdinand Kant (1836-1879), a teacher in a teacher’s seminary. In marriage, they had seven children:
- Annie, married Levander (1866-1911);
- Ellie Wilhelmina (1868-1944);
- Hannah Ulrica (1870-1889);
- Helka Maria, in the marriage of Mayu, then Vuorisalo (1872-1943);
- Kaarlo Juho (Jussi) (1874-1929);
- Petter Henrik (Pekka) (1876-1959);
- Liuli Augustus, in the marriage of Andersin (1880-1969) [1] .
Memory
A monument to the writer was erected in Kuopio . Another monument to the writer is located in the city of Jyväskylä , next to the city Lutheran church. And one more - in the city of Tampere, next to the library and the monument to the victims of the civil war .
In 1944, a postage stamp dedicated to the 100th anniversary of her birth was issued in Finland.
Since 2003 (officially since 2007) in Finland, in recognition of the merits of Minna Kant to society, her birthday, March 19, is celebrated as a public holiday - Equality Day, or Minna Kant Day [2] .
In 2010, a 10-euro silver coin was issued in Finland dedicated to a famous writer.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 One Hundred Great Finns, 2004 , Krogerus T. Minna Kant.
- ↑ 1 2 Kucher K. Why do the Finns remember Minna Kant and honor her name? // "ShkolaZhizni.ru", rubric "The world around us": electronic journal. - March 19, 2009. (Retrieved September 2, 2011)
- ↑ Finland celebrates Minna Kant Day, Equality Day // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) March 19, 2012. (Retrieved March 19, 2012)
- ↑ Finland celebrates Minna Kant Day - Equality Day. // © Yle Uutiset = Yle News Service. = Website of the television and radio company Yleisradio Oy (yle.fi) March 19, 2016. (Retrieved March 19, 2016)
- ↑ One Hundred Great Finns, 2004 , Heininen S. Mikael Agricola.
- ↑ 1 2 According to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (see the Links section).
- ↑ IMDb: Sylvi (English) (Retrieved September 3, 2011)
- ↑ IMDb: Minna Canth (English) (Retrieved September 3, 2011)
Literature
- Kant, Minna // Italy - Kvarkush. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1973. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 11).
- Krogerus T. Minna Kant // One Hundred Great Finns : A Kaleidoscope of Biographies: [ arch. December 18, 2012 ] / ed. ; per. with fin. I.M.Solomeshcha. - Helsinki : Society of Finnish Literature , 2004. - 814 p. - ISBN 951-746-522X . ( One Hundred Great Finns ) - See also the original text of Mrs. Tellervo Krogerus' article on the website of the Finnish Biographical Society. (Fin.) (Retrieved September 2, 2011)