Paul Petrovich Parenago (March 7 (20) 1906 - January 5, 1960) - Soviet astronomer , corresponding member of the USSR Academy of Sciences (since 1953 ).
Pavel Petrovich Parenago | ||||
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Scientific field | astronomy | |||
Place of work | MSU , GAISH | |||
Alma mater | University of Moscow | |||
Academic degree | doctor of physical and mathematical sciences | |||
Academic title | Corresponding Member of the USSR Academy of Sciences | |||
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Content
Biography
He graduated in 1929 from the Physics and Mathematics Faculty of Moscow University .
From 1934 he taught at Moscow University, associate professor , from 1939 - professor of the same university. From 1940 to the last days of his life, he headed the Department of Star Astronomy created by him, first at the Faculty of Mathematics and Mechanics, since 1956 - at the Faculty of Physics. Founder of the Moscow School of Astronomers. At his suggestion, the Astronomy Council Star Astronomy Commission of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Academy of Sciences was organized.
Scientific works relate to the study of the structure of the Galaxy , the study of the structure and dynamics of star clusters and systems, the problem of taking into account the absorption of light in interstellar space, the study of variable stars . In 1937 - 1939 paid much attention to the study of the basic statistical laws in the world of stars: the mass – luminosity – radius dependences, the spectrum – luminosity diagram, etc. In 1940 ± 1941 . developed a method for determining the interstellar absorption of light. In 1945 , he established the existence of a sequence of subdwarfs located on the Hertzsprung – Ressel diagram under the main sequence. Discovered the rotation of the Orion association . In 1939 , he studied the motion of the Sun relative to 591 stars in a sphere with a radius of 20 pc and determined the galactic orbit of the Sun as an ellipse with an eccentricity of 0.30, a semi-major axis of 10,000 pc and a distance of 7800 pc from the galactic center. In 1947 , for the direction of motion of the Galaxy, the coordinates of the apex were obtained: longitude l = 175 °, latitude b = + 8 °, speed v = 211 km / s. This is the first more or less reliable definition of the apex of the motion of the Galaxy relative to its neighbors. This movement is directed towards the constellation of the Unicorn . In 1948 , he proposed a method for estimating the total number of stars of any subsystem, based on the values of the gradients of the logarithms of the density and density of the stars studied in the vicinity of the Sun. In 1950 - 1952 developed a formula for the galactic potential near the galactic plane.
In 1955 , he proposed a comprehensive research plan for selected areas of the Milky Way . In 1946 , together with B. V. Kukarkin , he suggested that the New Star T of the Northern Crown , which broke out in 1866 , should re-erupt in 60–100 years. Indeed, the outbreak occurred after 80 years - February 8, 1946 .
Engaged in teaching activities. The "Star Astronomy Course" ( 1946 ), written by Parenago, is one of the main textbooks on star astronomy in world literature. He was a member of the editorial boards of a number of astronomical publications.
A crater on the Moon and a minor planet (2484) Parenago are named in honor of Parenago .
Awards
- Prize of the USSR Academy of Sciences. F.A. Bredikhin ( 1949 ).
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Parenago Pavel Petrovich // Big Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 t.] / Ed. A.M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
Literature
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Directory. - 2nd ed., Pererab. and extra .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.
Links
- Biographical information on the site "Annals of Moscow University"
- Profile of Pavel Petrovich Parengo on the official website of the Russian Academy of Sciences