The first battle of Artena took place on October 10, 1870 during the Franco-Prussian war.
Battle of Artena | |||
---|---|---|---|
Main conflict: Franco-Prussian war | |||
Outline of the theater of operations | |||
date | October 10, 1870 | ||
A place | Artenay (near Orleans , France ) | ||
Total | Victory of Prussia and Bavaria | ||
Opponents | |||
| |||
Commanders | |||
| |||
Battle Course
In early October, to protect Orleans, General de La Motte Rouge , who commanded the French forces on the Loire , placed the 15th Corps (without the 1st Division and one 3rd Division Brigade) on the road to the village of Artenay, and the cavalry division set west of the road .
On October 10, the 1st Bavarian brigade, which belonged to the Prussian detachment of General von der Tann (1st Bavarian Corps, Prussian 22nd Infantry and 4th Cavalry Divisions), made a Bormenville and in the village of Dumbron stumbled upon French forward posts, who met the Bavarians with fire. Having attacked the shooters, the Germans forced them to retreat and deployed on both sides of the highway, south of Dambron, four batteries under the cover of two battalions of rangers .
Meanwhile, the French, coming out of Artenay, took a position between the village of Asso and the road from Chartres , put the battery at Artenay and strengthened the village of Vilesh. The battery at Asso was greatly disturbed by the Germans; to silence it, the Bavarians put the battery east of the railway and opened fire on the Asso. By 11:00, the second brigade arrived; Immediately, all of her batteries were exposed at Damarville and opened fire against Asso. The French retreated to Artena and entrenched themselves in it.
General von der Tann, counting on stubborn resistance, ordered the French to fire on the position and wait until the cavalry units advance on the flanks. Five batteries took a position west of the Paris road, to the right of them were four batteries of brigade and corps artillery. East of the Paris road south of Asso was the 7th Battery of the 1st Artillery Regiment. The newly arrived 3rd Bavarian brigade, stationed at p. Asso, and its two batteries were pushed to the position next to the 7th battery.
The 22nd Infantry Division was stationed in Dumbrone, and the 4th Bavarian brigade was on the Chartres road. The Bavarian Cuirassier Brigade and the 4th Cavalry Division passed through Loanyi at this time, with the 9th Brigade marching to Variz, and the remaining three brigades made their way to Uwan, putting their horse artillery against Ovilie and Otrosh.
At 14:00, both horse-drawn batteries left for the height of Bussy-le-Roi, and six cavalry regiments followed them. Artena was surrounded almost from three sides; fearing being cut off from Orleans , the French hastily cleared Artenay, which was occupied by the 1st Bavarian division, moving to the west of the railway. At the same time, two Bavarian battalions captured the manor of La Grange and the farm d'Arble.
The rapid occupation of the French positions and the persistent pursuit of cavalry units drew the hasty retreat of the French to flight to the Orleans forest. The 10th Cavalry Brigade sent for prosecution could not reach the main forces of the retreating, but managed to capture 250 prisoners, and the 8th - pursued the French to the village of Beaugency. A detachment of the French, remaining in La Croix-Briquette, among 600 people, was surrounded on all sides and was forced to surrender.
By evening, the battle stopped, and the Bavarians settled on the battlefield.
German losses - 212 people killed and wounded.
On 3-4 December 1870, a battle took place near Orleans , which resulted in the surrender of this city by the French. This battle in literature is sometimes referred to as the Second Battle of Artena.
Sources
- Artenay // Military Encyclopedia : [in 18 t.] / Ed. VF Novitsky [et al.]. - SPb. ; [ M. ]: Type. t-islands I. D. Sytin , 1911-1915.
- Field Marshal Moltke. The history of the German-French war of 1870-1871. Translation from German. - M., 1937. - P. 129-130
- Encyclopedia of Military and Marine Sciences / Compiled under the main editorship of Lieutenant General G. A. Leer , Professor Emeritus of the Nikolaev Academy of the General Staff . - SPb. : printing house B. Bezobrazova and K °, 1883. - T. I. - p. 205-206.