The Land of the Hohenzollern ( German: Hohenzollernsche Lande , after 1928: Hohenzollerische Lande ), also called the province of Hohenzollern ( German: Provinz Hohenzollern ) is a special administrative unit in Prussia , which officially did not belong to any of the provinces, but possessed almost all provinces. It included the former principalities of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen and Hohenzollern-Gechingen , which belonged to the younger Catholic line of the Hohenzollern dynasty, which came under the control of the Prussian king of the land. Since 1871 - part of a united Germany. It was abolished in 1947. Today this territory is part of the Federal Republic of Germany and is entirely located in the state of Baden-Württemberg .
| Historical province of Prussia | |||||
| Hohenzollern lands | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| him. Hohenzollernsche Lande , Hohenzollerische Lande | |||||
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| A country | • Prussia (1850-1871) • Germany (1871-1947) | ||||
| Earth ( after 1871 ) Earth ( after 1918 ) | • Kingdom of Prussia • State of Prussia | ||||
| Adm. Centre | Sigmaringen | ||||
| History and Geography | |||||
| Date of formation | |||||
| Date of Abolition | |||||
| Square | |||||
| Population | |||||
| Population | |||||
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| Notes: map within the borders of 1871 | |||||
History
As early as 1695, Prince Friedrich Wilhelm of Hohenzollern signed an inheritance agreement with the Brandenburg House of Hohenzollern, according to which, if the Swabian line of the Hohenzollern ceased, all its lands were to be transferred to Brandenburg . During the German Revolution, Prussian troops occupied the principality to suppress the unrest that occurred in Hohenzollern-Gechingen . Under a treaty of 1849, Prince Friedrich-Wilhelm-Constantine ceded the Principality of Prussia and died in 1869, leaving no male offspring. The difficult economic situation caused a revolution in the Principality of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen . His prince Karl abdicated in 1848 in favor of his son Karl Anton , but even he could not calm the unrest. The Principality was occupied by the Prussian army, and on December 7, 1849, the prince ceded it to Prussia, and he himself entered the Prussian service [2] . The official transfer of both principalities under the control of Prussia took place in 1850.
Administratively, the Hohenzollern lands represented one single administrative district of Sigmaringen with its capital in the city of Sigmaringen . The district did not formally belong to any Prussian province and was endowed with many provincial functions. Some administrative issues of the region were served, however, by the neighboring Rhine province [3] .
In 1925, the Prussian administrative division into districts was introduced in the Hohenzollern Lands, replacing the previous historical division of the region into managements (ober-amts) , which has been preserved since the existence of the principalities.
Post-war development
In 1946, Württemberg-Hohenzollern land was created on the territory that was part of the French occupation zone , combining the former Hohenzollern Lands with the southern part of the former Württemberg in the French zone. In 1952, the state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern became part of the newly formed land of Baden-Württemberg . After the administrative reform of 1973, the borders of the former Hohenzollern Lands were blurred, and this territory today in administrative terms no longer represents any independent administrative unit. However, most of the former Hohenzollern Lands are located in today's Sigmaringen and Zollernalb districts.
Geography and Economics
The territory was located in a narrow strip from the eastern slopes of the Black Forest and the Neckar River beyond the Danube and to Lake Constance . The region was mountainous. There were many iron ores, gypsum, rock salt, coal and peat. Residents were mainly engaged in agriculture and cattle breeding [2] .
Population
Statistics
Territory and population of the Hohenzollern Lands in 1900: [4]
| Administrative District | Area, km² | Population | Number of Management |
|---|---|---|---|
| Sigmaringen County | 1.142.27 | 66.780 | four |
Territory and population of the Hohenzollern Lands in 1925: [5]
| Administrative District | Area, km² | Population | Number of districts | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rural | urban | |||
| Sigmaringen County | 1.142 | 71.840 | 2 | 0 |
Religious composition in 1925: 94.3% are Catholics; 5.1% are Protestants; 0.04% - other Christian denominations; 0.5% are Jews; 0.1% - other faiths [5] .
The area and population of the province as of May 17, 1939 within the borders of January 1, 1941 and the number of districts as of January 1, 1941: [6]
| Administrative District | Area, km² | Population | Number of districts | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rural | urban | |||
| Sigmaringen County | 1.142.26 | 73.706 | 2 | 0 |
Urban and rural population
The distribution of the population by various types of settlements, depending on their size according to the total number of inhabitants, according to the census of 1925 [5] and as of May 17, 1939 [6] :
| Year | Percentage of population by categories of settlements by number of inhabitants | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| less than 2,000 inhabitants | 2,000 - 100,000 inhabitants | over 100,000 inhabitants | |
| 1925 | 82.6% | 17.4% | 0,0% |
| 1939 | 76.2% | 23.8% | 0,0% |
The largest cities of the Hohenzollern Lands were (according to 1925): [5]
- Sigmaringen - 5.282 people.
- Hechingen - 5.109 people.
Presidential Presidents
Since the Hohenzollern Lands were not an independent province, there was no position of chief president , as in other provinces. However, the presidents of the government ( German Regierungspräsident ) of Sigmaringen County had a wider range of powers than the presidents of the governments of other Prussian districts, and in many matters were equated with the chief presidents of the Prussian provinces.
| Years | President of the county government | The consignment |
|---|---|---|
| 1850-1850 | ||
| 1850-1851 | ||
| 1851-1852 | ||
| 1853-1859 | ||
| 1859-1862 | ||
| 1862-1864 | ||
| 1864-1874 | ||
| 1874-1887 | ||
| 1887-1893 | ||
| 1894-1898 | ||
| 1898-1899 | ||
| 1899-1919 | ||
| 1919-1926 | Centrum | |
| 1926-1931 | ||
| 1931-1933 | Centrum | |
| 1933-1940 | ||
| 1940-1941 | ||
| 1941-1942 | ||
| 1942-1945 |
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 http://www.digizeitschriften.de/dms/img/?PPN=PPN514401303_1939&DMDID=dmdlog10
- ↑ 1 2 Hohenzollern, principalities // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- ↑ Die administrativen Beziehungen der Hohenzollernschen Lande zur Rheinprovinz (German) . Rheinische Geschichte. Date of treatment June 18, 2017.
- ↑ Provinz Sachsen // Gemeindeverzeichnis Deutschland 1900 (German)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Die Hohenzollernschen Lande im Überblick (German)
- ↑ 1 2 Fläche und Bevölkerung der größeren Verwaltungsbezirke (S. 8), Zahl der Gemeinden und Kreise (S. 21), Bevölkerung nach Gemeindegrößenklassen (S. 22) (German) . Statistisches Jahrbuch für das Deutsche Reich 1939/40 (Digitalisat).
Links
- Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte: Preußische Provinz Hohenzollern (German)
- Territoriale Veränderungen in Deutschland: Hohenzollerische Lande (German)