Muscimol

Muscimol
Muscimol
Are common
Systematic ; name	5- (aminomethyl) -isoxazol-3-ol
Chem. formula	C 4 H 6 N 2 O 2
Physical properties
Molar mass	114.1 g / mol
Thermal properties
T. melt.	184-185 ° C
Classification
Reg. CAS number	18174-72-6
PubChem
Reg. EINECS number
Smiles
Inchi
RTECS
Chebi
ChemSpider

Muscimol is the main psychoactive substance found in many fungi of the genus Amanita ( fly agaric ). Unlike psilocybin and tryptamine , muscimol is a potent selective GABA _A receptor agonist.

Content

Biology

Fly agaric containing muscimol

Muscimol is produced by mushrooms of the species Amanita muscaria , Amanita panther and Amanita muscaria, along with muscarine , muscazone and ibotenic acid ^[1] ^[2] . M. red and m. Panther are unsafe for human consumption ^[3] . Amanita muscaria, under the skin of a hat, contains the highest concentration of psychoactive substances ^[4] .

Pharmacology

Physiological Action

Muscimol is 5-10 times more mentally active than ibotenic acid ^[5] . The hallucinogenic effect produced by muscimol is closest to the hallucinogenic side effects of GABA drugs, such as the non-benzodiazepine hypnotic drug zolpidem ^[6] .

Notes

↑ Chilton, WS; Ott, J. Toxic metabolites of Amanita pantherina, A. Cothurnata, A. Muscaria and other Amanita species (English) // Lloydia: journal. - 1976. - Vol. 39 , no. 2-3 . - P. 150-157 . - PMID 985999 .
↑ Michelot, D; Melendez-Howell, LM Amanita muscaria: chemistry, biology, toxicology, and ethnomycology (English) // Mycological Research : journal. - Elsevier , 2003 .-- Vol. 107 , no. Pt 2 . - P. 131-146 . - DOI : 10.1017 / S0953756203007305 . - PMID 12747324 .
↑ Tupalska-Wilczyńska, K; Ignatowicz, R; Poziemski, A; Wójcik, H; Wilczyński, G. Poisoning with spotted and red mushrooms - pathogenesis, symptoms, treatment (English) // Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland: 1960): journal. - 1996. - Vol. 49 , no. 1-6 . - P. 66-71 . - PMID 9173659 .
↑ Chilton WS Chemistry and Mode of Action of Mushroom Toxins. Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment . —Ed .: BH Kumach, E. Salzman, Palm Beach: CRC Press. Inc., 1978. —P. 87-124.
↑ USSR Academy of Sciences. Chemistry and Life, Issue 2. - Publishing House of Science, 1981.
↑ An intrinsic GABAergic system in human lymphocytes. (eng.)

[1] Chilton, WS; Ott, J. Toxic metabolites of Amanita pantherina, A. Cothurnata, A. Muscaria and other Amanita species (English) // Lloydia: journal. - 1976. - Vol. 39 , no. 2-3 . - P. 150-157 . - PMID 985999 .

[2] Michelot, D; Melendez-Howell, LM Amanita muscaria: chemistry, biology, toxicology, and ethnomycology (English) // Mycological Research : journal. - Elsevier , 2003 .-- Vol. 107 , no. Pt 2 . - P. 131-146 . - DOI : 10.1017 / S0953756203007305 . - PMID 12747324 .

[3] Tupalska-Wilczyńska, K; Ignatowicz, R; Poziemski, A; Wójcik, H; Wilczyński, G. Poisoning with spotted and red mushrooms - pathogenesis, symptoms, treatment (English) // Wiadomosci lekarskie (Warsaw, Poland: 1960): journal. - 1996. - Vol. 49 , no. 1-6 . - P. 66-71 . - PMID 9173659 .

[4] Chilton WS Chemistry and Mode of Action of Mushroom Toxins. Mushroom Poisoning: Diagnosis and Treatment . —Ed .: BH Kumach, E. Salzman, Palm Beach: CRC Press. Inc., 1978. —P. 87-124.

[5] USSR Academy of Sciences. Chemistry and Life, Issue 2. - Publishing House of Science, 1981.

[6] An intrinsic GABAergic system in human lymphocytes. (eng.)