Aleksey Grigorievich Doyarenko (March 15 (24), 1874, the village of Tereshkovo, Sumy Uyezd, Kharkov province - May 9, 1958 , Saratov ) - Russian scientist, agronomist , plant grower, agricultural physicist, agricultural chemist, and innovative pedagogue.
| Alexey Grigoryevich Doyarenko | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Date of Birth | March 15 (24), 1874 |
| Place of Birth | Kharkov province |
| Date of death | May 9, 1958 ( 84) |
| Place of death | Saratov |
| A country |  Russian Empire  RSFSR (1917-1922) ,  the USSR |
| Scientific field | agrophysics |
| Place of work | Moscow State University Petrovsky Agricultural Academy , Grain Institute of the South-East |
| Alma mater | St. Petersburg University (1898) ; Petersburg Conservatory ; Moscow Agricultural Institute |
| Academic rank | Professor |
Biography
Born into a peasant family. Father left the family early. Mother, Marfa Savelyevna, worked as a housekeeper in the village of Markovka. In 1892, he graduated from Sumy Grammar School with a gold medal and entered St. Petersburg University . In 1898 he graduated from the natural department of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics and, in addition, as a volunteer, in 1898 he graduated from the faculty of law of the same university and the St. Petersburg Conservatory in composition and orchestration [1] . Doyarenko composed music for the operas Woe from Wit and Who Should Live Well in Russia, as well as a number of songs.
After graduating from the university, he entered the Moscow Agricultural Institute , which he graduated in 1901 with the title of academic agronomist of the 1st degree (thesis - “On the issue of assimilation of soil nitrogen by plants depending on meteorological conditions.” In 1900, his first publication appeared - article “Humic substances as a nitrogenous component of soil” in “Izvestia of the Moscow Agricultural Institute.” In 1901, he married the daughter of Professor N. Ya. Demyanov .
In 1901-1930, Doyarenko worked at the Petrovsky (Timiryazev) Agricultural Academy: in 1901-1910 - as an assistant to D. N. Pryanishnikov at the Department of Fertilizer and Private Agriculture; in 1911-1913 - at the Department of General Agriculture; since 1913 - assistant head of the experimental field of the institute. Since 1901 he was an assistant editor of the journal "Herald of Agriculture", an organ of the Moscow Society of Agriculture ; in 1905-1929 - its editor.
In 1908, he organized the privat-docent course "Practical Field Croping" in experimental work with a systematic visit to experimental institutions, and in 1912 the publication of a directory of them. He founded the Higher Women's Agricultural Courses and repeated courses for agronomists.
In December 1913, he submitted to the Academic Council a work similar to the dissertation and in 1914 was elected professor of the Department of General Agriculture of the Agricultural Institute; in 1915 he presented to the Academic Council a master's thesis "On the study of soil aeration."
Also in the years 1908-1922 he taught at the Higher Women's Agricultural Courses , in the organization of which he took an active part.
In 1918, he participated in the creation of the Bureau of All-Russian Congresses for experimental work.
He was first arrested along with other members of Pomgol on August 27, 1921, but was soon released and in 1922 participated in the organization and work of the Third All-Russian Agronomic Congress.
In 1924 he organized the "Scientific and Agronomical Journal" and edited it until 1929. He conducted a practical field-cultivation course for peasants in the experimental field.
In 1930, he was again arrested - in the case of the "Labor Peasant Party" , although "Doyarenko was in principle always out of politics! When his daughter brought students into the house who expressed their Socialist Revolutionary thoughts, he drove them out of the house ” [2] [3] . In the process, he was assigned the role of “Minister of Agriculture” of the “coalition government”. On January 6, 1932, the OGPU collegium issued a decision to A. G. Doyarenko to be imprisoned for 5 years [4] . Until 1935 he was imprisoned in the Suzdal political prison; in 1935-1939 - in exile in Kirov [2] , where he worked as a consultant at the Regional Land Department and a research associate of the Kirov Regional Agricultural Experimental Station, and in 1936-1938 - music director of the Kirov Theater for Young Spectators. In conclusion, he wrote "Letters on the Science of the Future."
Later he continued scientific and agronomic work in Vyatka and Saratov. In 1939-1948 he was a professor , head of the laboratory of agricultural engineering, agrochemistry and agricultural science at the Institute of Grain Management of the South-East ( Saratov ). After the August session, VASKHNIL in 1948 was suspended from work at the institute, since 1950 he was assigned a pension. At the end of his life he wrote an autobiographical novel, “From the Agronomic Past” (M., 1958).
It is believed that he was depicted in the feuilleton of M. A. Bulgakov "The Golden City" (1923) [5] .
Rehabilitated in 1987 [6]
Archives
Russian State Archive of Economics (RGAE). - F. 9474. - D. 467.
Bibliography
- The movement of Russian land ownership in the decade of 1877-1888. - M .: Mosk. S.-kh. Institute, 1899. - 42 p.
- A brief guide to the design of vegetation experiments with approximate estimates of their equipment. - M., 1909. - 96 p.
- Characteristic features of modern peasant farming, determining the direction of agronomic assistance // Tomsk State University Journal. sat down. households. - 1921. - No. 4.
- Selected works and articles: In 2 volumes. Works on practical field cultivation. Articles on agronomy / Organizing Committee for the celebration of the 25th anniversary of the scientific, pedagogical and social activities of Professor A. G. Doyarenko. - M.: Publishing House Mosk. Land Department, 1925-1926.
- Entertaining agronomy. - M .: Selkhozgiz, 1956.
- Field life. - M., 1958
- Selected Works. - M., 1963
- From the agronomic past: (On the 100th anniversary of the Moscow Order of Lenin of the K.A. Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 1865-1965) / Preface. Candidate of Agricultural Sciences F. S. Sobolev; Artist S. A. Danilov. - (Edition 2, add.). - M .: Kolos , 1965 .-- 168 p. - 10,000 copies.
- Factors of plant life. - M., 1966.
Notes
- ↑ In the university years, Doyarenko played in the student’s clarinet orchestra and, in addition, he directed the Ukrainian university choir for six years.
- ↑ 1 2 Solzhenitsyn A.I. Gulag Archipelago. 1918-1956. Experience in artistic research. - M: AST — Astrel, 2010. - T. 1. - S. 60. - ISBN 978-5-17-065170-2 .
- ↑ Reported by Evgenia Alekseevna Doyarenko, daughter of Aleksey Grigorievich, A. I. Solzhenitsyn . E. A. Doyarenko is listed among 257 witnesses of the “Gulag Archipelago” .
- ↑ Chronicle of social history. Archived October 18, 2014 on Wayback Machine
- ↑ Marietta Chudakova Biography of Mikhail Bulgakov
- ↑ Chayanov, A.V. Peasant farming: Selected works / Ed. L.I. Abalkin (previous) and others .-- M .: Economics, 1989 .-- 492 p. - (Economic heritage).
Literature
- Volkov V.A., Kulikova M.V. Moscow professors of the 18th - early 20th centuries. Natural and technical sciences. - M .: Janus-K; Moscow Textbooks and Cartolithography, 2003. - P. 82-83. - 296 p. - 2,000 copies. - ISBN 5-8037-0164-5.
- Orlovsky N.V. Alexey Grigoryevich Doyarenko . - M .: Nauka, 1980 .-- 110 s. Archived December 29, 2010 on the Wayback Machine
- Kurenishev A. A. He heard the music of the fields: The life and work of Alexei Grigoryevich Doyarenko, a scientist, teacher, public figure, musician. 1874-1958 - Moscow : AIRO-XXI, 2011 .-- 118 p. - ISBN 978-5-91022-131-8 .
- Bardyukov Nikolay A. G. Doyarenko knew how to captivate young people // Timiryazevka. - February 2010. - No. 1-2 (2886-2887)
Links
- Page in Open List
- Doyarenko Alexey Grigorievich . Chronicle of Moscow University . Date of treatment November 11, 2017.