Guarani languages

Guarani languages (Guarani languages, Guarani language group) is one of the groups of the Tupi-Guarani branch of the Tupi language family in South America . This group of languages ​​separated from other languages ​​of the branch about 2,000 years ago ^[1] .

The native speakers of this group, the Guaraní people , live in southwestern Brazil , northeastern Argentina , Paraguay and Bolivia .

It includes several languages, grouping and division into languages ​​and dialects differ in different sources:

1. Ache (Guayaki) is the language of Paraguayan Indians Ache . About 1,000 people in 2006 ^[2] . ISO 639-3 code: guq.
2. Sheta - a few people among Khaingang in the state of Paraná in Brazil. The native speakers of this language are not known ^[3] . ISO 639-3 code: xet.
3. Guarani dialect cluster ( English Guarani dialects ):
   • old guarani (†)
   • Paraguayan Guarani - the main representative of a cluster of dialects, more than 4.5 million speakers in Paraguay, one of the official languages ​​of Paraguay.
   • Kaiwa (Kayua) - the language of the Brazilian Indians Guarani-Kayuva ( eng. Guarani-Kaiowá ) in the province of Mato Grosso do Sul . About 18 thousand people (as of 2003) ^[4] . ISO 639-3 code: kgk.
   • pay-taviteran - about 600 carriers in Paraguay (as of 2007) ^[5] . ISO 639-3 code: pta. According to some sources, combined with the kaiwa.
   • ava-guarani (chirip) - about 16 thousand people in Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina (as of 2006) ^[6] . ISO 639-3 code: nhd.
   • Nyandeva (Ñandeva) - about 2 thousand people in Paraguay, a few hundred in Bolivia and Argentina (as of 2007) ^[7] . ISO 639-3 code: tpj. According to some sources, it is combined with chirip.
   • Mbya (Mbyá) - about 15 thousand people in Paraguay, Brazil and Argentina (as of 2007) ^[8] . ISO 639-3 code: gun.
   • Eastern Bolivian Guarani (Chiriguano, Ava-Isoseno) - 34 thousand people in Bolivia, about 18 thousand in Argentina and Paraguay (as of 2004) ^[9] . ISO 639-3 code: gui.
   • Western Bolivian Guarani (Simba) - 7 thousand people in the department of Chuquisac in Bolivia (as of 2002) ^[10] . ISO 639-3 code: gnw.

Many of these groups call themselves Guarani (for example, Mbi and Chiriguano), which causes a lot of confusion.