French post on the island of Crete - post offices of France , established in Crete among other foreign branches in the 1900s, after the autonomy of the island as part of the Ottoman Empire and before its accession to Greece in 1913. French post existed on Crete in 1897 - 1914 [3] [4] .
 French mail toCrete † | |
|---|---|
| fr. Bureaux de poste français en Crète | |
 Stamp of the French mail on the island of Crete from the first series ( Sc # 3) , face value of 3 centimeters , [1] ; 1902 ), canceled by Cretan postmark in May 1908 | |
| Mail History | |
| Organized by | 1897 |
| Closed | October 30, 1914 |
| Money system | |
| 1902-1903 | 1 franc = 100 centimes |
| 1903 | 1 piastre = 40 pair |
| First brands | |
| Standard | 1902 |
| Latest issue | 1903 |
| Total released | 20 postage stamps [2] |
Content
Mail Development
At the end of 1897, the occupation of Crete by the international military forces began, including France [5] . French post offices began their work in Crete in the same 1897, after their opening in the cities of Rethymnon , Chania , Sitia , Ierapetra , Heraklion and Agios Nikolaos . For postal needs, French stamps were used here, which were extinguished with round stamps with the name of the corresponding city [3] . According to other, contradictory information [5] , until 1900 in the territory of Crete, controlled by France, stamps of the Ottoman Empire were used with an overprint of the name of the island for postal services of their own troops and civilians.
French troops left Crete in 1909 [5] , but the post offices of France continued to operate in Crete until 1914 [4] . Their closure took place on October 30, 1914 [3] .
Stamp Issues
France issued special postage stamps for its offices in Crete. Their first series , published in 1902-1903, included 15 denominations - from 1 centime to 5 francs . The drawings of these stamps corresponded to those on the French stamps of 1900, but they had the inscription “Crète” (“Crete”) [2] [3] [4] .
However, stamps with denominations in French currency could not fully satisfy the needs of the French branches for signs of postage , since the island still had a local currency, the Turkish piastre . In this regard, in 1903, the post offices of France stamped the five largest denominations of the first series, replacing them with new values - from 1 to 20 piastres [2] [3] .
In total, according to L. L. Lepeshinsky [4] , 20 postage stamps were issued. In the Scott catalog the same number of stamps is indicated [2] .
See also
- Austrian Post in Crete
- British Post in Crete
- History of the post and stamps of Crete
- Russian post on the island of Crete
- French Post in the Ottoman Empire
Notes
- ↑ By the name of the author of the stamps - artist .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Scott 2007. Standard Postage Stamp Catalog. - New York, NY, USA: Scott, 2006. (English)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 France. French post on about. Crete // Large Philatelic Dictionary / N. I. Vladinets, L. I. Ilyichev, I. Ya. Levitas, P. F. Mazur, I. N. Merkulov, I. A. Morosanov, Yu. K. Myakota, S A. Panasyan, Yu. M. Rudnikov, M. B. Slutsky, V. A. Jacobs; under the general. ed. N.I. Vladinets and V.A. Jacobs. - M .: Radio and communications, 1988 .-- 320 p. - 40,000 copies. - ISBN 5-256-00175-2 . (Retrieved August 16, 2011)
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Greece (Kingdom of the Hellenes). Explanation of the scheme. 17. O. Crete // Philatelic geography (foreign countries): Reference book / L. L. Lepeshinsky. - M .: Communication, 1967. - S. 55. - 480 p. (Retrieved August 16, 2011)
- ↑ 1 2 3 Rossiter S. , Fowler J., Wellsted R. Greece: Crete 1871-1914 . Stamp Collecting Resources: Stamp Atlas . Knutsford , UK : Sandafayre Stamp Auctions; Sandafayre (Holdings) Ltd. - Greece: Crete (1871-1914). Date of treatment November 1, 2017. Archived on September 5, 2017.
Literature
- Dallay . Catalog de cotations des Timbres des bureaux français, anciennes colonies, et zones d'occupation en Europe et Asie. - 2006-2007. (fr.)
- Feenstra RM & Friends. Crete: Postal History, Postage and Revenue Stamps, Coins & Banknotes. - Collectio, 2001 .-- 448 p. - ISBN 960-85275-6-2 . (eng.)
- Rossiter S., Fowler J. The Stamp Atlas: A Unique Assembly of Geography, Social and Political History, and Postal Information. - 1st edn. - L. , Sydney: Macdonald, 1986. - 336 p. - ISBN 0-356-10862-7 . (eng.)
Links
- French Post Offices in Crete . Country List . All World Stamps Catalog sponsored by Stanley Gibbons . - Stamps of French mail in Crete in the Stanley Gibbons online catalog. Date of treatment August 15, 2011. Archived May 15, 2012.
- Crete (French Post Offices ) . A — Z of postal authorities. Encyclopaedia of Postal History . Stampsite: The Encyclopaedia of Postal Authorities. - Information on stamps of French mail on the island of Crete in the database "Encyclopedia of the history of mail. Encyclopedia of Post Offices. " Date of treatment August 15, 2011. Archived on January 8, 2009.
- Crète (Fr.) . Grèce. L'Europe et sa Poste vers 1860. L'histoire par les lettre et cartes anciennes; histoirepostale.net . kelibia.fr; Roland Goutay & Didier Lebouc. Date of treatment August 16, 2011. Archived May 15, 2012.