Park of the December Uprising

It is located between Presnenskaya Zastava Square , Trekhgorny Val Street, 1905 Street and the beginning of the Shmitovsky Passage .

In the eastern part of the territory of the modern park passed the Kamer-Kollezhsky shaft , which was the border of Moscow, beyond which there were pasture lands ^[1] . Outposts on the rampart were liquidated in 1852 ^[2] . And the shaft in this place was probably dug in the 1890s (for example, on the geographical map of Moscow in 1888 ^{[3] the} shaft is still marked in this place, and on the map of 1901 ^[4] it is no longer there). Thanks to the existing rampart, the park is located slightly higher than the surrounding streets.

Since the beginning of the 20th century, this territory has been a wasteland ^[5] , which was used for festivals ^{[4] [6]} . Also, various entertainment events and political meetings were held here ^[7] .

In 1920, a square was devastated in the wasteland - trees were planted and flower beds created, and an obelisk dedicated to the heroes of the December Uprising of 1905 was erected in its center ^[5] . The square was named "Square in memory of the fighters of the revolution" ^[8] .

In 1963, a monument to V.I. Lenin appeared in the park, and in 1967 a memorial ensemble was erected in honor of the workers of Presnya.

Cobblestone - Weapon of the Proletariat Memorial Ensemble

In the northern part of the park in 1967, to the 50th anniversary of the October Revolution , a memorial ensemble was erected in honor of the Presnensky workers who participated in the December uprising of 1905 (architects M.N. Kazarnovsky and L.N. Matyushin ).

The ensemble is a decorative wall made of light gray granite, on which a quote by V. I. Lenin from his letter to the workers of Krasnaya Presnya in December 1920 is laid out in bronze letters ^[9] : “The feat of Presnensky workers was not in vain. Their sacrifices were not in vain. " The quote is signed as "V. I. Lenin ", although the original letter from Lenin was signed with the pseudonym" N. Lenin ” ^[9] . There is a cobblestone paved area in front of the wall. It contains a bronze copy of the famous sculpture of I. D. Shadr (1927) " Cobblestone - weapons of the proletariat ", the original of which is stored in the Tretyakov Gallery . The monument is included in the list of cultural heritage of Moscow ^{[10] [11]} .

6 years before the monument was erected in 1961, a curious incident occurred. The article “Bronze, Cast Iron, Aluminum” appeared in the issue of the newspaper “Leningradskaya Pravda”, dedicated to the famous Leningrad plant “Monument Sculpture” . In it, in particular, it was said ^[12] : “These days, sculptor I. D. Shadr often comes into the shops of the plant. Now the casting in bronze of his sculpture, entitled “Cobblestone - the weapon of the proletariat,” is finished. ” The fact is that I.D. Shadr could not enter the plant these days, since he died about 20 years before the publication of the article.

In the early 2000s, the sculpture and the wall were mutilated by vandals. The worker’s face was painted, bronze letters were torn off the wall, and the wall itself was covered with graffiti . In 2012, the monument was completely restored. Later, the bronze letters were again stolen. Instead, they now have aluminum letters, and some are missing and the letters are written in the gaps with just a black marker .

A copy of this ensemble from the wall and sculpture was installed in 1982 in Kiev on Krasnaya Presnya Square in honor of the friendship of labor collectives in the Podolsky district of Kiev and the Krasnopresnensky district of Moscow ^[13] . In 2006, the sculpture was moved to the square in front of the Zhovten cinema, and in October 2016 the monument was dismantled ^[14] .

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  Sculpture " Cobblestone - the weapon of the proletariat "

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  The memorial ensemble after restoration. Fall 2012

Obelisk to the Heroes of the December Armed Uprising of 1905

In the center of the park is a three-meter obelisk made of black granite. It was built in 1920 with the money of Presnya workers on the 15th anniversary of the December uprising . The inscription is carved on the obelisk: "To the heroes of the December armed uprising of 1905." The monument is included in the list of cultural heritage of Moscow ^{[10] [15]} .

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  Obelisk to the heroes of the December armed uprising. 1930 year

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  The obelisk and the future park in 1930. Recently planted trees visible

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  Obelisk in May 2017

Monument to V.I. Lenin

In the southern part of the park in 1963 a monument was erected to V.I. Lenin , sitting in an armchair (sculptor B.I. Dyuzhev , architect Yu. I. Goltsev ). The monument is made of forged copper and mounted on a pedestal of red granite. Around the monument was a large round flowerbed. In 1970, on the 100th anniversary of Lenin, scarlet roses were planted in a flowerbed around the monument. On the marble plaque, installed next to it, was the inscription: “There are 100 Bulgarian roses for ever living Lenin. 12.V. 1970. Dimitrovsky district of Sofia . "

In the early 2000s, the monument was damaged by vandals - a deep dent was left on Lenin's forehead. In August-September 2012, the sculpture was again vandalized - the monument was doused with paint. At the end of 2016, the monument to Lenin was dismantled and taken away for restoration. In May 2017, the restored monument returned to its place.

Commemorative plaque to A. E. Pankov

Near the eastern fence of the central part of the park there is a small memorial plaque to the Hero of the Russian Federation , senior police sergeant of the Zyuzino police department Alexander Egorovich Pankov (1953-1993), who died during the events of the dispersal of the Supreme Council of Russia . According to some reports ^[16] , he was killed in the area of ​​the House of Soviets by a sniper from the Ukraina Hotel ; according to others ^[17] , he died in a shootout with military personnel at the Ulitsa 1905 goda metro station. .

In the northern part of the park is the former guard building of the Presnensky outpost , which is currently used for the economic needs of the park ^[18] .

In the eastern part of the park there is an underground free public toilet (address: Trekhgorny Val, d. 7, p. 1), and at the northwestern corner of the park there is a paid public toilet.

In the southern part of the park on both sides of the central alley there are two playgrounds .

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  The former guard building of the Presnensky outpost

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  Playground

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  Another playground

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  Underground public toilet

• Park "Krasnaya Presnya"
• Park Presnensky
• Cobblestone is the weapon of the proletariat