Armand-Louis de Gonto-Biron ( French Armand Louis de Gontaut-Biron ; April 13, 1747 , Paris - December 31, 1793 , ibid.) - French division general from the aristocratic clan Gonto-Bironov , who played a prominent role in the US War of Independence and French revolutionary wars . Grandson of the Marshal of France Charles de Gonto, Duke de Biron (1663-1756), from whom he inherited the title of Duke de Losen. Also known as a memoirist .
| Armand Louis De Gonto-Biron | |
|---|---|
| fr. Armand Louis de Gontaut-Biron | |
 Armand Louis De Gonto-Biron. Painter Georges Rouget . | |
| Date of Birth | April 13, 1747 |
| Place of Birth | Paris |
| Date of death | December 31, 1793 (46 years old) |
| Place of death | Paris |
| Type of army | |
| Rank | |
| Commanded | |
| Battles / wars | |
| Awards and prizes | names carved under the Arc de Triomphe |
Biography
Arman-Louis de Gonto-Biron was born on April 13, 1747 in Paris. Already at the age of fifteen he earned the glory of a female seducer. Even the favorite of King Louis XV, Joan-Antoinette Poisson (better known as Marquise de Pompadour ) did not ignore him, and repeatedly asked him to read aloud some verses, referring to his beautiful diction. Other famous victims of his spell were Princess Isabella Czartoryski , who gave birth to his son Constantine [1] , and Elena Radziwill .
He joined the army early and, having squandered his fortune, followed Lafayette to America in 1778, where he took part in the most bloody war in the history of North America on the side of the colonists fighting against the English regular army. The importance of his role in this war is eloquently testified by the fact that in 1782 a warship named in honor of him: " USS Duc de Lauzun " was launched.
Returning in 1783 from the New World , he became the head of one of the hussar regiments [2] .
Selected in 1789 by the nobility of Quercy as a member of the General States , he proclaimed himself a supporter of liberal ideas in the National Assembly and sided with the Duke of Orleans [2] .
In 1792, he commanded a division in the Northern Department, but was defeated at Gemappe from Beaulieu. Despite the fact that he took after the departure of Roshambo the second commander in chief of the Northern Army and then in July - the commander in chief of the Rhine Army; he was succeeded by Custine [2] .
Then he commanded the Bars army and occupied Nice . Transferred to Vendée, he took Saumur and fought at Partenay , but was accused by Generals Rossignol and Westerman of treason and oppression. To make excuses, he went to Paris, but here he was immediately arrested and executed on the guillotine [2] on December 31, 1793.
In the literature
The protagonist of Marina Tsvetaeva ’s poetic play “Fortune” 1919 (under the name Losen).
Bibliography
- "Mémoires" (new edition of Lacourt, Paris, 1858) brought only to the time of the revolution.
Notes
- ↑ Lozen himself did not doubt his paternity. A genetic examination of his descendant showed that he actually belongs to the West European haplogroup R1b1 , and not to the North European h1logue n1c1 , like all the other Gediminids .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Biron Arman-Louis de Gonto // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.