Zaamursky Hospital of the Separate Corps of the Border Guard of the Russian Empire

The Board of the China Eastern Railway on July 1 (14), 1907, transferred the hospital town and property of the former 15th Combined Hospital, located on the outskirts of Harbin, to the Zaamursky District Border Guard .
The temporary staff, introduced by order of the troops of the Zaamursky district, consisted of 86 posts: chief physician, 7 junior residents, pharmacist , 20 paramedics , 4 sisters of mercy and 53 ministers. Staffing was carried out at the expense of the staff of the border brigades of the district ^[1] .

A special meeting of the Ministry of Finance at an extraordinary meeting considered the establishment of a hospital in the Zaamur district, following which the order of the Chief of the Border Guard No. 39 of August 14 (27), 1908 was followed:

On the establishment of the Zaamursky district hospital and the approval of its staff

Sovereign Emperor, according to the most comprehensive report of the Special Meeting, formed to consider issues related to the activities of the Chinese East Railway Company, on the day of July 23, p. of the establishment of the district hospital of the Zaamursky district of the Border Guard, the Supreme Command deigns:
1. As part of the Zaamursky District Border Guard, establish a district hospital with 485 regular beds.
2. To approve the accompanying staff of ranks of medical and economic personnel of the indicated hospital.
3. Provide the Minister of Finance with specific instructions on the procedure for managing the Zaamursky district hospital, as well as the rights and obligations of medical and other officials of this hospital.
4. An examination of the lower ranks of the Zaamur district of the Border Guard and the Zaamur railway brigade intended for dismissal on leave or altogether from service, due to health problems, should be carried out at the indicated hospital in a commission formed under the chairmanship of the assistant chief of the Zaamur district, from the chief physician of the Zaamur district hospital and two residents of this hospital, as prescribed by the head physician.
I declare such a High Command at the Border Guard for guidance and proper execution.

Signed: For the Chief of the Border Guard

Comrade of the Minister of Finance M. Chistyakov ^[2]

To carry out medical and economic activities of the newly formed hospital, the above order of the chief of the Border Guard introduced 153 posts:
chief physician ( college adviser ), 2 senior residents ( college assessors ), 5 junior residents ( titular advisers ), pharmacy manager (college assessor), prescription (titular adviser), caretaker ( chief officer ), commissioner (college assessor), accountant (titular counselor), 6 sisters of mercy (civilian), 14 paramedics, a psalmist , 8 clerks , 9 infirmaries , 27 wards and 75 ministers (all lower ranks) ^[3] .
The state did not provide for the position of head of the hospital. Its execution was assigned to the assistant chief of Zaamursky district, as the chairman of the economic committee of the district’s administration.
The chief doctor was appointed by order of the chief of the Border Guard and enjoyed the rights of the commander of a regiment of the military department. He headed the hospital's economic committee and the commission for examining the lower ranks for incapacity for active military service. On issues of general management of the hospital, he was subordinate to the head of the Zaamur district, and on medical matters, to the unitary inspector of the Border Guard, Privy Councilor B.M. Shapirova .
In daily activities, the head doctor was guided by a special instruction approved by the chief of the Border Guard on August 21 (September 3), 1908 ^[4] .

On December 24, 1907, the Dean of Harbin Clergy ( Archpriest ) Leonty Pekarsky (Pekarsky Leonty Fedosievich) consecrated the Hospital Church at the hospital of the Zaamursky District Border Guard ^[5] .

• Emergency room.
• Officer department.
• Therapeutic department (barracks No. 1, 3).
• Surgical department (barrack No. 2).
• Venereal department (hut No. 4).
• Infectious ward (hut No. 5).
• Department of eye, ear and throat diseases (hut No. 6).
• Projection Department.
• Dental office.
• Bacteriological cabinet.

Chief physicians
Mozolevsky Ivan Viktorovich
Valid state adviser . Head doctor since August 16 (29), 1908. Education: Imperial Military Medical Academy . Awards: Orders of St. Stanislav II and III degrees, St. Anna II and III degrees. Dismissed from service on September 22 (October 5), 1911.
Shulgin Kapiton Yakovlevich
State Counselor . Head physician since September 22 (October 5), 1911. Education: Imperial Military Medical Academy . Scientific improvement in military surgery in the same place. The author of a number of scientific articles on surgery. Awards: Orders of St. Stanislav II and III degrees, St. Anna III. Dismissed from service on May 26 (June 8), 1914.
Glovatsky Joseph Alexandrovich
College Advisor. Head physician since August 27 (September 9), 1914. Education: Imperial Kiev University of St. Vladimir . Scientific improvement at the Imperial Military Medical Academy. Doctor of Medicine in Eye Diseases. Awards: Order of St. Anne, III degree.
Senior Residents
Blum Andrey Innokentyevich
Court Advisor. Senior resident since August 16 (29), 1908. Education: Imperial Moscow University . M.D. Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree.
Whist Adolf-Oscar Adolfovich
Court Advisor. Senior resident since February 19 (March 4), 1913. Education: Imperial Military Medical Academy . Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree, St. Anna III degree.
Junior residents
Karpov Pavel Petrovich
Court Advisor. Junior resident since January 5 (18), 1908. Education: Imperial Tomsk University . Awards: Orders of St. Stanislav II and III degrees, St. Anna of the III degree. He was transferred to the regiment by a senior doctor on August 10 (23), 1911.
Glagolev Alexander Vasilievich
Court Advisor. Junior resident since August 16 (29), 1908. Education: Imperial Kazan University . Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree. He was transferred to the regiment as a senior doctor on September 15 (28), 1912.
Popov Nikolay Vasilievich
Court Advisor. Junior resident since August 16 (29), 1908. Education: Imperial Tomsk University . Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree.
Ebius Richard M.
Junior resident since August 16 (29), 1908. Education: Imperial Yuryev University . M.D. The rank and awards does not have.
Silnitsky Alexander Vasilievich
College assessor. Junior resident since September 28 (October 11), 1908. Education: Imperial Military Medical Academy . Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree with swords.
Popov Mikhail Ivanovich
Court Advisor. Junior resident since October 24 (November 6), 1911. Education: Imperial Moscow University . Scientific improvement at the Imperial Military Medical Academy. Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree.
Suvorov Konstantin Mikhailovich
Court Advisor. Junior resident since October 16 (29), 1912. Education: Imperial Kazan University . Awards: Order of St. Vladimir, IV Degree.

Skibnevsky Vladislav Pavlovich
Manager of a pharmacy (civilian) since October 11 (24), 1908. Education: Imperial Moscow University . Pharmacist. Awards: Order of St. Stanislav III degree.
Koch Karl Gustavovich
College assessor. Recipe since December 11 (24), 1908. Education: Imperial University of Dorpat . Pharmacist. There are no awards.

Despite the fact that there were no cases of plague in parts of the Zaamur district, from October 27 (November 9), 1910, the hospital’s medical work was carried out under strict anti-epidemic conditions. Its territory was guarded by a dedicated unit. All wounded and sick people who came from the infected areas were placed in an insulator hut, and their things were disinfected. The prison staff was provided with hooded robes, safety masks, rubber gloves and galoshes. There was also a supply of Havkin preservative serum.
Under the guidance of doctors, a set of measures was taken to prevent the introduction of plague into hospital barracks (disinfection, disinsection, deratization) and early detection of cases, as well as timely immunization of medical personnel. In addition, doctors I.V. Mozolevsky, R.M. Ebius and M.I. Popov were part of one of the subcommittees of the City Sanitary Executive Commission and organized anti-epidemic measures outside the hospital town until the end of the epidemic.

In the initial period of World War I, the hospital remained in a place of constant deployment and continued to provide qualified medical assistance to the wounded and sick border guards. However, on February 10 (23), 1915 , an order was followed by the Supreme Commander-in-Chief on the formation of regiments in the Zaamursky district in wartime states and their sending to the army in the South-Western Front.
In June-July 1915, together with the border regiments, he moved to the front and the Zaamursky hospital. In the hospital campus, a team remained, headed by court adviser K.M. Suvorov, who was acting as senior resident ^[6] .

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