Mikhail Ivanovich Sukhomlinov (1828-1901) - Russian philologist and literary critic, academician. Privy Councilor (1882).
| Mikhail Ivanovich Sukhomlinov | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 | |||||||
| Date of Birth | March 3 (15), 1828 | ||||||
| Place of Birth | Kharkov , Russian Empire | ||||||
| Date of death | July 8 (21), 1901 ( 73) | ||||||
| Place of death | St. Petersburg | ||||||
| A country |  Russian empire | ||||||
| Scientific field | history of literature | ||||||
| Place of work | St. Petersburg University | ||||||
| Alma mater | Kharkov University | ||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Slavic-Russian Philology (1856) | ||||||
| Academic rank | Academician of SPbAN | ||||||
| supervisor | I.I. Sreznevsky | ||||||
| Famous students | I.N. Zhdanov , L.N. Maykov , V.V. Sipovsky | ||||||
| Known as | philologist , historian of literature, literary critic , teacher | ||||||
| Awards and prizes |
| ||||||
Content
Biography
He was born in the family of chemistry professor Ivan Ivanovich Sukhomlinov (1792-1836) [1] .
Having lost his parents early, he was brought up by aunt Olga Davydovna Dashenkova. After graduating from the Kharkov hostel E. Zimnitsky studied at the historical and philological faculty of Kharkov University . He received a master ’s degree in 1852 for his work on the topic “A Look at the Historical Course of Russian Drama” .
Then he was appointed adjunct of St. Petersburg University in the department of Russian literature. In addition, he taught Russian literature at the School of Guard Warrant Officers and Cavalry Junkers , and in 1856 in the second Cadet Corps .
In 1854, " On Linguistics in Ancient Russia " was published.
Since December 3, 1855 he is a corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences in the department of Russian language and literature.
In 1856, having defended his thesis “On Old Russian Chronicle as a Literary Monument”, he received a doctorate in Slavic-Russian philology. In March 1858 he went abroad; visited all major European and West Slavic cultural centers, attended literature courses, studied monuments of world literature in famous libraries and university archives. Sukhomlinov described his impressions of his trip abroad in articles posted on the pages of the Russian Herald .
Upon his return from abroad, in December 1860 he was appointed an extraordinary professor at St. Petersburg University, from 1864 - an ordinary professor ) at the department of Russian literature, where he taught the theory of language , ancient Russian literature , and source studies .
Since November 3, 1872 - an extraordinary academician; Since February 6, 1876 - an ordinary academician. Since 1899, he was chairman of the II Division of the Academy of Sciences, and in 1900 he established and also headed the category of fine literature there .
In 1858, Sukhomlinov published a book “ On the Works of Kirill Turovsky, ” which included both the works themselves and research on him. Also in subsequent years, he published books and essays about other prominent literary figures: A. S. Kaisarov , M. V. Lomonosov , N. I. Novikov , A. S. Pushkin , N. V. Gogole , S. T. Aksakova , P. A. Vyazemsky ( Prince Pyotr Andreyevich Vyazemsky. - St. Petersburg, 1879 ), A. N. Radishchev ( A. N. Radishchev, author of Travel from St. Petersburg to Moscow. - St. Petersburg, 1883 ), I. S Turgenev ( I. S. Turgenev. - St. Petersburg, 1884 ), etc. - many of them were then included in 1889 in the collection "Studies and Articles on Russian Literature and Education."
In 1865-1866, "Materials for the history of education in Russia during the reign of Emperor Alexander I" were published, previously published in the Journal of the Ministry of Education ( part 1 ; part 2 ).
The monumental work "History of the Russian Academy" in eight volumes was written and published by him in 1874-1888. [2] ; In the work, the author traced the development of philological knowledge in the 18th century and the first decades of the 19th century in connection with the development of Russian literature and society. In the second half of the 1880s, Sukhomlinov managed to prepare and publish ten volumes of “Materials for the History of the Imperial Academy of Sciences” - a systematic collection of more than 8 thousand archival documents. Since 1887, he was engaged in the preparation of the academic edition of the works of Mikhail Lomonosov; the first five volumes of the complete academic works of Lomonosov were edited by him (1891-1902); volumes from the sixth to the eighth were completed after his death and came out only in 1934-1948).
Sukhomlinov all his life remained a supporter of early humanism and a neat, comparatively cautious approach to literary criticism, which gave rise to a whole school of researchers.
He was buried in St. Petersburg at the Novodevichy cemetery [3] .
Notes
- ↑ Sources indicate different birth dates: March 3 (15), 1828 - see the profile of Mikhail Ivanovich Sukhomlinov on the official website of the RAS ) and February 29 (March 12) 1828 - Curriculum Vitae of the Presidential Library
- ↑ Issue 1 , Issue 2 , no. 3 , no. 4 , no. 5 , no. 6 , no. 7 , no. 8 . A general index to the eight issues of History .
- ↑ Grave on the plan of the Novodevichy Cemetery (No. 74) // Division IV // All Petersburg for 1914, address and reference book of St. Petersburg / Ed. A.P. Shashkovsky. - SPb. : Partnership of A. S. Suvorin - “New Time”, 1914. - ISBN 5-94030-052-9 .
Literature
- Sukhomlinov Mikhail Ivanovich // List of civil ranks of the fourth class. Corrected on May 15, 1870. - St. Petersburg. : Printing House of the Governing Senate , 1870. - S. 532.
- Sukhomlinov Mikhail Ivanovich // List of civilian ranks of the first three classes. Corrected on October 1, 1894. - SPb. : Printing House of the Governing Senate , 1894. - S. 285.
- Sukhomlinov, Mikhail Ivanovich // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
Links
- Profile of Mikhail Ivanovich Sukhomlinov on the official website of the RAS
- Sukhomlinov, Mikhail Ivanovich . On the Chronos website .
- Historical background on the website of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences