Siswondo Parman ( indonesian. Siswondo Parman ) - Indonesian military leader, national hero of Indonesia . In 1964-1965 - First Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Ground Forces of the National Army of Indonesia . During the attempted coup d'état committed by the left-wing military group on September 30, the Movement was abducted by the rebels and soon killed.
Siswondo Parman | |
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indon Siswondo parman | |
Date of Birth | August 4, 1918 |
Place of Birth | Oneself , Central Java , Dutch East Indies |
Date of death | October 1, 1965 (47 years) |
Place of death | Jakarta indonesia |
Affiliation | Indonesia |
Type of army | Ground troops |
Years of service | 1941-1965 |
Rank | lieutenant general |
Battles / Wars | War of Independence Indonesia |
Awards and prizes | National hero of indonesia |
Content
Early life
Sisvondo Parman was born on August 4, 1918 in the central Lebanese city of Vonosobos . In 1940, after graduating from a Dutch high school in Wonosobos, he entered a medical school, but his training was interrupted by the invasion of Indonesia by Japanese forces in Indonesia . During the Japanese occupation, Parman collaborated for some time with Kampaitai , was later arrested on suspicion of unreliability, but was soon released [1] . After his release, he studied in Japan , then, until the end of the occupation, he worked as a military translator in Yogyakarta [2] .
Career in the Indonesian Army
After the independence of Indonesia was proclaimed in 1945 , Siswondo Parman joined the ranks of the young Indonesian army. In December 1945, he was appointed head of the Yogyakarta military police . Four years later, he was appointed military administrator of Big Jakarta and was promoted to general. While in this position, he distinguished himself in military operations against the organization Armed Forces of the Just King ( indon. Angkatan Perang Ratu Adil, APRA ), headed by a former officer of the Dutch colonial army, Raymond Westerling [1] .
In 1951, Parman was sent to the United States, where he studied at the American Military Police School; On November 11, 1951, he was appointed Chief of the Military Police of Jakarta , then worked as an Indonesian military attaché at the Embassy in London [1] . On June 28, 1964, he was appointed First Deputy Chief of the General Staff of the Armed Forces, Ahmad Yani .
Death
On the night of September 30 to October 1, 1965, the left military group of the Movement on September 30 attempted a coup d'état. By order of the leaders of this grouping, the abduction of seven generals who held top posts in the leadership of the ground forces, including Siswondo Parman, was organized [3] .
Parman's wife said that she and her husband were woken up around 4:10 in the morning by the noise coming from the yard. Parman decided to find out what happened, but at that moment twenty-four soldiers broke into the house in the form of a regiment of the presidential guard Chakrabirava . The soldiers demanded that Parman immediately report to President Sukarno . The general asked for permission to get dressed and went to the bedroom, about ten soldiers entered him. Parman's wife demanded that those who entered show evidence that they are indeed authorized by the president to accompany Parman to him, to which one of the soldiers slapped his breast pocket, stating that he had a letter from the president in his pocket [3] .
Gathering, Parman asked his wife to find out what happened to his commander Ahmad Yani, whom he could not reach by phone [4] . Then he drove off with the soldiers in a truck; he was taken to the jakarta suburb of Lubang Buya where he was shot. His body, along with the bodies of his five colleagues, was thrown by the rebels into a pit.
On October 5, after the failure of the coup attempt, the bodies of the generals killed by the rebels, including General Siswondo Parman, were solemnly reburied at the Heroes' Cemetery in the Jakarta region of Calibat [4] . On the same day, Parman and his colleagues by presidential decree number 111 / KOTI / 1965 were posthumously awarded the title of Heroes of the Revolution [5] .
Awards
- National Hero of Indonesia ;
- Order "Star of the Republic of Indonesia" 2 nd degree (1965) [6]
Notes
- 2 1 2 3 Sudarmanto, YB (1996) Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan dari Sultan Agung hingga Syekh Yusuf (The Footsteps of Heroes from Sultan Agung to Syekh Yusuf ), Penerbit Grasindo, Jakarta ISBN 979-553-111-5
- ↑ Bachtiar, Harsja W. (1988), Siapa Dia ?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (Who is S / He ?: Senior Officers of the Indonesian Army) , Penerbit Djambatan, Jakarta, ISBN 979-428-100-X
- ↑ 1 2 Hughes, John (2002), The End of Sukarno - A Coup that Misfired: A Purge that Ran Wild , pp. 49-50. Archipelago Press, ISBN 981-4068-65-9 , pp. 47-49
- 2 1 2 Secretariat Negara Republik Indonesia (1994) Gerakan 30 September Pemberontakan Partai Indonesia: Latar Belakang, Aksi dan Penumpasannya (The 30 September Movement / Communist Party of Indonesia: Bankground, Actions and Annihilation) ISBN 979-08300-025
- ↑ Mutiara Sumber Widya (publisher) (1999) Album Pahlawan Bangsa (Album of National Heroes) , Jakarta
- ↑ Decree of the President of Indonesia No. 050 / BTK / TH.1965
Literature
- Bachtiar, Harsja W. (1988), Siapa Dia ?: Perwira Tinggi Tentara Nasional Indonesia Angkatan Darat (Who is S / He ?: Senior Officers of the Indonesian Army) , Penerbit Djambatan, Jakarta, ISBN 979-428-100-X
- Hughes, John. The End Of Sukarno: A Coup That Misfired: A Purge That Ran Wild. - 3rd. - Singapore: Archipelago Press, 2002. - ISBN 981-4068-65-9 .
- Mutiara Sumber Widya (publisher) (1999) Album Pahlawan Bangsa (Album of National Heroes) , Jakarta
- Secretariat Negara Republik Indonesia (1994) Gerakan 30 September Pemberontakan Partai Komunis Indonesia: Latra Belakang, Aksi dan Penumpasannya (The 30 September Movement / Communist Party of Indonesia: Bankground, Actions and its Annihilation) ISBN 979-08300-025
- Sudarmanto, YB (1996) Jejak-Jejak Pahlawan dari Sultan Agung hingga Syekh Yusuf (The Footsteps of Heroes from Sultan Agung to Syekh Yusuf ), Penerbit Grasindo, Jakarta ISBN 979-553-111-5