Tanirbergenov, Arip

Born in the family of a poor peasant. At the age of 11-12 he studied at the aul madrasah, and then, at the choice of the local volost governor, he studied at the Russian missionary school in Semipalatinsk . At the same time he attended a Muslim school - a madrasah. In 1881 he graduated from the Semipalatinsk district school. While studying in Semipalatinsk, I met with Abai.

During his studies, he received a good education for that time: he knew the native and Russian languages, could read in Tatar, Arabic, Persian and Chinese; expanded his knowledge of the oral poetic work of his native people, was an expert on the poetry of the Ancient East, as well as Russian and West European poetry of that time. As a teenager, he began to participate in ITs , where he won a number of victories. His rivals in poetry were the akyns Kokpay, Aset, Boranbai, Kuanyshbai, Kaumet and others.

In 1882–1884 he worked as a translator in the Sergiopolsky district, in 1884–1887 - as a translator in the Russian Embassy in Chuguchak (China). Then he worked at the post office in Kopal , Bishkek , Alma-Ata .

He was buried in the village of Maylin, Ayagoz district, East Kazakhstan region of Kazakhstan .

In his young years, along with love lyrics, humorous songs, composed poems-kyss on popular stories from " One Thousand and One Nights ." Studying with Abai, listening to his advice, developed his poetic talent, enriched the content of his works.

The comprehension of the events of his time, the awareness of the backwardness of his native land prompted the poet to embark on the enlightenment path indicated by Abai. He began to actively engage in educational activities, opened a school for children at home, taught them, as far as possible, the Russian language, and taught classes in Russian textbooks. He was fond of oriental and Russian literature.

The original work of the poet is diverse: these are the humorous works “Let us, daughter-in-law, speak”, and the poems “Khoja Gafan”, “Tahir”, “Ziyada-Shahmurat”, “Yusuf and Zuleiha” and others written on oriental subjects.

Ziada-Shahmurat (1884) was published several times (1890-1912) by Zhakip Bayzhigitov in Kazan. Dastan "Kisa and Bahram" was published in 1908 and 1912. These poems, despite the exciting adventures of romantic heroes, the glorification of lofty feelings, were far from reality. Later, the poet turned to social problems, to depicting the life of a Kazakh village at that time. Following Abai, he developed enlightening ideas, principles of democracy and humanism in his work, condemned swagger, greed, envy, ignorance.

Tanirbergenov’s pre-revolutionary work is permeated with realistic paintings from the life of the Kazakh people. The poems “Kabanbay”, “Haji Serikbay from Nyman”, “Volost Tarbek” and others describe the arbitrariness and predatory policies of the tsarist administration and bais, show the existing social inequality, the oppression of women. The poet called on the people, especially young people, to acquire knowledge, to strive for work. The verses “On Labor”, “On Science”, “To My Pupils”, and others contain a call to knowledge. The poet compares the world with the ocean, science - with the ships. According to him, a complex world resembles a raging ocean, which contains many secrets and riches. Only those who have a good working vessel, science, take advantage of it. So, each person should have “his own durable ship”, with the help of which he learns the secrets of the world.

"Quick-footed tulpar" refers to the poet's mind. Just as the Kazakhs, a frisky horse was valued very highly, and every dzhigit dreamed of having a horse, so the poet compares the mind with this priceless wealth. In his opinion, six qualities correspond to reason: kindness, honor, shame, patience, precaution.

In poems written for almost half a century, the author touched on various issues of the socio-political and cultural life of that time. His poems are deeply philosophical. In them, the poet reflects on the transience of life, on the futility of wealth, honor and glory, which will disappear along with the dying sigh of man. Like Abay, he condemned the simple pastime. He advised his contemporaries to study the verses of Abai.

While working in Kopal, Arip met Sarah and dedicated many lyrical works to her.

After the October Revolution of 1917, the poet praises the revolution and the proletariat in his poems. The events of that time are devoted to the poems "The Leader of the Workers", "Lenin - the Leader", "The Death of Lenin." The poem "Lenin, like snowy mountains, is high" became the first poem in Soviet Kazakh literature about the founder of the Soviet state, about a politician.

The poem "Paris Commune" shows the spiritual continuity between the French Communards and Russian revolutionaries. These works were published in Russian in the collections of Lenin (1928) and Creativity of the Peoples of the USSR (1937).

He is the author of a free translation of the novel by A. S. Pushkin “ Eugene Onegin ”, a translation of the poem by M. Yu. Lermontov “ Death of the Poet ”. In gratitude to the Russian poet A.S. Pushkin, Arip Tanirbergenov wrote the poem "Ingenious Pushkin."

After the war of 1941-1945, the name of Arip Tanirbergenov was forgotten in connection with the campaign to combat cosmopolitanism and remnants of petty-bourgeois ideology; Arip Tanirbergenov was not mentioned in The Anthology of Kazakh Poetry, published in Moscow in 1958, although he was the founder of new Kazakh poetry. The scientist-philologist, researcher of the history of Kazakh literature Kayum Mukhamedkhanov returned the name of the poet to the Kazakh people. On the eve of Abay’s jubilee, three poetry books were published in the series “Students of Abay”, which also includes verses by Arip Tanirbergenov as the most talented follower, a representative of the Abay school.

• Alekseev N. The fate of the poet: a scientific conference on the work of Arip // Irtysh. −1996, October 10. - S. 4.
• Arip Tanirbergenov (1856-1924) // Gaynullina F.A. Literature of the Semipalatinsk region: Textbook. allowance. - Semipalatinsk, 2002. - S. 26-28.
• Әrіp Tәңirbergenov / Мұхамдханұлы Абайдың ақын шәкірттері. 3 steps. - Almaty, 1995. - S. 12-107.
• Zulkharov G. A genuine national poet: on the 140th anniversary of the birth of Arip Tanirbergenov // Irtysh. - October 8, 1996. - S. 3.
• Korabaev R. People's poet Arip // Fires of Irtysh. - 1977, September 13.
• The grave of Tanirbergenov // Code of architectural and monumental monuments of East Kazakhstan region - Ust-Kamenogorsk, 2005. - S.138-139.
• Mukhamedkhanov K.M. Arip Tanirbergenov / Kaz. SSR: a brief encyclopedia in 4 volumes - T. 4. - P. 128.
• Writers of the Semipalatinsk region: Bio-bibliographic index / Comp. O. Maltseva. - Semey: Talent, 2006. - S. 70-71.
• Tanirbergenova A. / Kashlyak V. Semipalatinsk: named after them ... - Semipalatinsk, 2006. - P. 343.
• Tәnіrbergenұly Shygarmalary: өlender, ayystar, қissa - dastandar / Қurast. B.A. Erdembekov. - Almaty: Infor-Arna, 2006. - 520 p.

• Website "Official site of Akim of Ayaguz region"
• The site "Business Dating Kazakhstan - Almanac"
• Site "Hall of Fame of Kazakhstan"