Chronic thyroiditis is a group of thyroid diseases , among which autoimmune thyroiditis is often found. In recent years, an increase in the incidence has been noted, which is associated with increased stimulation of the immune system by newly synthesized artificial antigens , which the human body had no previous contact with [1] .
| Chronic thyroiditis | |
|---|---|
| ICD-10 | E 06.3 , E 06.5 , O 90.5 |
| ICD-9 | 245.2 , 245.3 , 245.8 |
| Omim | 140300 |
| Diseasesdb | 5649 |
| eMedicine | med / 949 |
| Mesh | D050031, D050032 |
Content
History
For the first time, the clinical picture of an autoimmune thyroid lesion (4 cases) was described by a Japanese doctor and scientist Hakaru Hashimoto in 1912 [2] . Subsequently, the disease was called Hashimoto thyroiditis and for a long time this term was identical to autoimmune and chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis. Further observations showed that chronic thyroiditis can occur in various forms, accompanied by symptoms of both increased and decreased thyroid function, its enlargement (goiter) or atrophy, which led to the isolation of several forms of autoimmune thyroiditis [1] .
Classification
There are several classifications of chronic thyroiditis, among them proposed by R. Volpe in 1984 [3] :
- Graves ' disease ( bazedovaya disease , autoimmune thyrotoxicosis );
- Autoimmune thyroiditis :
- Hashimoto's thyroiditis ;
- lymphocytic thyroiditis in children and adolescents;
- postpartum thyroiditis ;
- idiopathic myxedema ;
- chronic fibrotic variant ( Riedel thyroiditis );
- atrophic asymptomatic form.
Common Features
All forms of chronic thyroiditis are characterized by signs of an autoimmune disease formulated by E. Witebsky (1956) [1] :
- the presence of antigens and antibodies,
- experimental animal disease model,
- the ability to transfer the disease using antigens, antibodies and immunocompetent cells from sick animals to healthy ones.
See also
- Thyroid hormones
- Hyperthyroidism
- Hypothyroidism
- Antibodies to thyroglobulin
- Thyroid Peroxidase Antibodies
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 Clinical endocrinology. Leadership / Ed. N.T. Starkova. - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - SPb. : Peter, 2002 .-- S. 170-176. - 576 p. - ("Doctor's Companion"). - 4000 copies. - ISBN 5-272-00314-4 .
- ↑ H. Hashimoto: Zur Kenntnis der lymphomatösen Veränderung der Schilddrüse (Struma lymphomatosa). 1912. Archiv für klinische Chirurgie, Berlin 97, S. 219-248.
- ↑ Volpe R. The thyroid and autoimmunity. - Amsterdam, 1986.