Gustav de Molinari (March 3, 1819 - January 28, 1912) is a Belgian economist who is on a par with such well-known economists of the classical school as Frederic Bastia and Hippolyte Castile , corresponding member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences [1] .
| Gustav de Molinari | |
|---|---|
| Gustave de molinari | |
| Date of Birth | March 3, 1819 |
| Place of Birth | Liege , United Kingdom Netherlands |
| Date of death | January 28, 1912 (92 years old) |
| Place of death | Adinkerk , Belgium |
| A country | |
| Scientific field | economy |
| Place of work | |
| Known as | The Forerunner of Market Anarchism , author of Safety Production |
Living in Paris in the 1840s, he participated in the Ligue pour la Liberté des Échanges (Free Trade League), founded by Frederic Bastia. In 1850, lying on his deathbed, Bastia appointed Molinari the next head of his school of science. In 1849, immediately after the revolution , Molinari published two works: the essay “Security Production” and the book “Evenings of Saint-Lazare Street” , describing how the free market, in the absence of a monopoly on defense and court services, replaces the state in the provision of data services.
In the 1850s Molinari fled to Belgium, fleeing the persecution of the French emperor Napoleon III . Returning to Paris in the 1860s, he works for the influential Journal des débats , which he edited from 1871 to 1876. Molinari continued to edit Journal des Économistes , the press organ of the French Political Economy, from 1881 to 1909. In his 1899 book, Tomorrow’s Society, he proposed a federal collective security system and reiterated his support for private competing security agencies.
In his last work, published a year before his death in 1912, Molinari remained true to himself: [2]
The US Civil War was not just a humane crusade for the liberation of slaves. The war “destroyed the conquered provinces”, but the plutocracy of the North pulling the strings achieved its goal: the establishment of brutal protectionism, leading eventually to the “regime of trusts and factories of billionaires”.
Molinari’s grave is located in the Pere Lachaise cemetery in Paris.
Content
Impact
Many anarcho-capitalists consider Molinari the main predecessor of anarcho-capitalism . [2] In his preface to the 1977 English translation, Murray Rothbard calls Security Production “ the first representation of anarcho-capitalism in the history of mankind,” but acknowledging that “Molinari did not use such terminology and would most likely refuse such a name.” Hans-Hermann Hoppe, an economist at the Austrian school, said that "the 1849 article, Security Production, is perhaps the most significant contribution to the modern theory of anarchist capitalism." [3] In the past, Molinari also had a strong influence on the views of market anarchist Benjamin Tucker and other libertarians of his circle. [four]
The Research Institute for Market Anarchism, founded by Roderick Long , is named after Molinari, whom Long considers "the first theoretician of market anarchism." [five]
Works
- Red clubs during the siege of Paris = Le mouvement socialiste et les réunions publiques avant la révolution du 4 septembre 1870. - St. Petersburg, 1871. - 408 p.
- Production and distribution of wealth. The course of political economy. / Per. in Russian lang under the editorship of Y. A. Rostovtsev. - Ed. 2nd. - M.: URSS: Book House "LIBROCOM", 2012. - 382 p. - ISBN 978-5-397-02619-2
Notes
- ↑ Molinari Gustave de . Information system “Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences”. Date of treatment April 6, 2012. Archived on August 14, 2012.
- ↑ 1 2 Raico, Ralph (2011-03-29) Neither the Wars Nor the Leaders Were Great , Ludwig von Mises Institute
- ↑ Hoppe, Hans-German. Anarcho-Capitalism: A Brief Biography Archived June 3, 2013 on the Wayback Machine
- ↑ David Hart. Gustav de Molinari and the Anti-Statistical Liberal Tradition
- ↑ Molinari Institute
Links
- Molinari, Gustav // Encyclopedic Dictionary of Brockhaus and Efron : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Molinari Institute
- Molinari's Tomorrow’s Society published by The Library of Economics and Liberty
- Collection of works of Molinari (fr.)
- Gustave de Molinari, De la production de la sécurité (French) (1849)
- Gustave de Molinari, On the Production of Security (English) (1849)
- Gustav de Molinari, "Production Security" (1849)