Ural region (1917-1919)

The 1st Congress of Soviets of the Ural Region, held in Perm in May 1917, elected a governing body - the regional executive committee. At the 3rd regional congress of Soviets, which was held at the end of January 1918 , there were 148 delegates, of whom 119 were from the Bolsheviks, the rest were representatives of other parties. At this Congress, the regional Council of Commissars of the Urals was created, which included ^[1] from the Bolsheviks:

• Chairman - N. N. Krestinsky (then A. G. Beloborodov ),
• Commissioner of Management - I. Ya. Tuntul ,
• Commissioner of Finance - F. F. Syromolotov,
• Commissioner of Labor - I. M. Malyshev (then A. A. Andreev ),
• Production Commissioner - V.N. Andronnikov ,
• Military Commissioner - F. I. Goloshchekin ,
• Supply Commissioner - P. L. Voikov ;

from the Left Social Revolutionaries:

• Agriculture Commissioner - V.I. Khotimsky,
• Commissar of National Economy - Sakhnovich,
• Education Commissioner - I. Kh. Polyakov.

The activity of the representatives of the Bolsheviks in the Soviet bodies of the Ural region was led by the Ural Regional Committee of the RSDLP (b) - RCP (b) . The Council of Commissioners was engaged in the creation of Soviet authorities instead of liquidated city and zemstvo self-government, the organization of management of the mining industry of the Urals, the operation of railway transport, the functioning of industrial enterprises, primarily related to military production. The regional military commissariat combined work in the Ural region to form units of the Red Army . The press organ was “Izvestia of the Ural Regional Council” ^{[1] [2]} .

In mid-July 1918, in connection with the advance of the Czechoslovak Corps and the white Siberian Army, the threat of the fall of Yekaterinburg was created. On the night of July 16-17, 1918, the former Russian emperor Nicholas II was shot dead along with his family and servants by order of the Ural Regional Council. According to the official Soviet version, this decision was made by the Presidium of the regional Council on its own, according to some historians, the execution of Nicholas II was sanctioned by the Bolshevik leadership ^[3] , but no documentary evidence or recollections of such sanction are known.

In the summer of 1918, the Ural Regional Council moved to Tyumen . On August 29, a five-member college was created, headed by Goloshchekin, to organize military-political work in the Urals. At the end of December 1918, the white army occupied Perm. Regional organs of the Soviets were evacuated to Vyatka . After Kolchak’s troops occupied almost the entire Urals, the activities of the regional council virtually ceased. In January 1919, the Central Committee of the RCP (B.) And the All-Russian Central Executive Committee decided to dissolve regional structures and liquidate the Ural Region. ^{[1] [4] [5]} .

• Civil war and military intervention in the USSR. Encyclopedia. M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1983.
• The history of the civil war in the USSR, t. 3, M., 1958.
• The revolution is defending. - Sverdlovsk: Sred.-Ural. Prince Publishing House, 1989.