Andreas Londos ( Greek Ανδρέας Λόντος , Aion , Achaea 1786 - Athens 1846 ) - participant in the Liberation War of Greece 1821-1829. , prominent representative of the landowners of the Peloponnese, colonel, politician, minister [1] .
| Andreas Londos | |
|---|---|
| Greek Ανδρέας Λόντος | |
 | |
| Date of Birth | 1786 |
| Place of Birth | Aion , Achaea |
| Date of death | September 24, 1846 |
| Place of death | Athens |
| A country | |
| Occupation | leader of the Greek revolution , politician, minister |
| Father | |
Biography
Andreas Londos was born in 1786 in the city of Ayon in the north of the Peloponnese peninsula (the city was then also called Vostitsa) in the family of a wealthy landowner Sotiris Londos. Here he graduated from high school. After his father was beheaded by the Turks, Andreas fled to Constantinople and returned to Aion only in 1818 , after the new Ottoman ruler, Sakir Ahmet , was appointed to the Peloloponnese. Londos himself was known as a tyrant among the Greek population, which did not prevent the emperor Pelopidas from dedicating him to the secret revolutionary society of Filiki Eteria .
On January 26, 1821 , under the cover of a discussion of the land dispute, a meeting of the Peloponnesian nobility and hierarchs took place in the Londos house to discuss the plan of the uprising proposed by the Apostle Filiki Etheria Papaflessas. The landowners were initially skeptical against the revolutionary rhetoric of Papaflessas, but the subsequent demands of the Turks, who received information about the upcoming uprising, about the provision of hostages from the nobility and hierarchs, many of whom were in the dungeons of the fortified city of Tripolis , did not leave time for thought [2] [3 ] ] .
On March 23, 1821, Londos, led by 400 rebels, headed for Aion. The Turks, at the rumor of a general uprising, crossed the Gulf of Corinth and took refuge in the fortress of Amphis . The rebels took Aion without a fight. Leaving 200 fighters as a garrison, Londos went to the city of Patras to participate in the siege of his fortress [4] , where he became a member of the Revolutionary Achaean Directorate [5] .
In January 1822, at Akrath, rebel forces under the command of Londos, Zaimis and with the participation of the military commander Andrutzos surrounded and attacked a group of 4,000 Turks going to Patras, which was a special remnant of the forces of Dramali Pasha, defeated by the rebels under Dervenakia . Only 800 Turks managed to escape after Yusuf Pasha sent 15 ships and took them to Patras [3] .
Lord Byron spoke positively of Londos, which did not always cause a positive appraisal among Greek historians, remembering his hospitality at Aion in 1824 and the donated horse [6] [7] .
In a letter to Londos dated February 24, 1824, Byron addressed Londos with the words “courageous general and good friend”, explains why he himself did not oppose the fortress of Navpakt , asks to continue to annoy the fortresses of Patra and Rio and send 12 of his soldiers and 2 officers to Studying by gunners in Mesolongion [8] .
Andreas Londos and his friend and ally Andreas Zaimis were later implicated in anti-government intrigues. Initially on the side of the government of G. Kunturiiotis, Londos went over to the side of the Peloponnesian landowners against the government of I. Colletis and found himself on the side of the losers in the civil war of 1824 [4] .
Upon the arrival of John of Kapodistrias, Londos, like most landowners, found himself in opposition to the ruler [9] .
In 1833, upon the arrival of the King, the Bavarian Otton, Londos moved to Nafplion. In 1835, Otton granted him the rank of colonel and appointed him military inspector. However, Londos, being the leader of the so-called English party, took part in the revolution on September 3, 1843, demanding a constitution, and was appointed deputy chairman of parliament, and then minister of war and interior minister of the revolutionary government [10] .
All these positions were lost by Londos when the government formed Colletis. The bitterness of political failures and financial problems led to the suicide of Londos on September 24, 1846 in Athens.
Notes
- ↑ Douglas Dakin. Η ενοποίηση της Ελλάδας, 1770-1923 = The Unification of Greece 1770-1923 / μετάφραση: Α. Ξανθόπουλος. - Αθήνα: Μορφωτικό Ίδρυμα Εθνικής Τραπέζης, 1998. - P. 86, 93, 124, 125. - ISBN 978-960-250-150-2 .
- ↑ Δημήτρη Φωτιάδη. Ιστορία του 21. - Μέλισσα, 1971. - Vol. B΄. - P. 14, 16, 25, 26.
- ↑ 1 2 Paroulakis, Peter H. The Greeks: Their Struggle For Independence. - Darwin, NT, Australia: Hellenic International Press, 1984. - ISBN 0-9590894-1-1 .
- ↑ 1 2 Brewer, David. The Greek War of Independence. - The Overlook Press, 2001. - ISBN 1-58567-172-X .
- ↑ Δημήτρη Φωτιάδη. Ιστορία του 21. - Μέλισσα, 1971. - Vol. B΄. - P. 32.
- ↑ W. Parry. The Last Days of Bayron. - London, 1825. - P. 181-185.
- ↑ Απόστολος Ε. Βακαλόπουλος. Επίλεκτες Βασικές Ιστορικές Πηγές της Ελληνικής Επαναστάσεως. - Θεσσαλονίκη: Βάνιας, 1990. - Vol. B΄. - P. 599.
- ↑ Απόστολος Ε. Βακαλόπουλος. Επίλεκτες Βασικές Ιστορικές Πηγές της Ελληνικής Επαναστάσεως. - Θεσσαλονίκη: Βάνιας, 1990. - Vol. B΄. - P. 563.
- ↑ Δημήτρη Φωτιάδη. Ιστορία του 21. - Μέλισσα, 1971. - Vol. B΄. - P. 211, 224, 244.
- ↑ Στέφανος Π. Παπαγεωργίου. Από το Γένος στο Έθνος. Η θεμελίωση του ελληνικού κράτους 1821-1862. - Παπαζήσης, 2004 .-- P. 397—398.
Literature
- Φωτάκος (Χρυσανθόπουλος Φώτιος). Πελοποννήσιοι αγωνιστές του 1821, Νικηταρά απομνημονεύματα. - Αθήνα: Βεργίνα, 1996.
- Σπυρίδωνος Τρικούπη. Ιστορία της Ελληνικής επανάστασης. - Αθήνα: Νέα Σύνορα-Λιβάνη, 1993.