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Joseki or joseki ( 定 石 jo: seki , “setting stones”) - the term go , meaning the same angle for the parties. In this case, one of the parties can win in the territory, and the other - in influence.
Also, joseki ( Japanese 定 跡 jo: seki , “established traces”) is the term shogi , meaning the classic set sequence of moves at the beginning of a game that maintains balance.
Thus, although this term has various hieroglyphic spellings in go and shogi, their transcription is identical, and the meanings are similar.
Joseki Go
Due to the fact that it is easier to enclose a territory in a corner, first the corners are occupied, then the sides, and only then there is a game in the center. So, joseki is a study of how to start a game.
Joseki are divided into groups in accordance with the position of the initial stone, its height relative to the edges of the gobana . According to the figure on the right:
- a (3-4) - komoku ( jap. 小 目 )
- b (4-4) - Hoshi ( Japanese 星 )
- c (3-5) - mokuhazushi ( Japanese 目 外 し )
- d (4-5) - takamoku ( Japanese 高 目 )
- e (3-3) - san-san ( Japanese 三 々 )
Initial positions circled in red were previously regarded as joseks, but now they are not recognized as such.
San-san
Having taken point 3-3, the player immediately encloses the corner. This is a move symmetrical with respect to the parties, aimed primarily at gaining territory, and not influence, since the dignity is very easy to cut off from the center by moving in hoshi.
under the haws. |
simple joseki (4-4). |
Hoshi
Point (4-4) is called a "star" ( Japanese 星 Hoshi ) , it has gained considerable popularity recently, as it maintains a balance between influence and territory. It is symmetrical, and allows depending on the course of the game to choose the distribution to the desired side.
Hoshi does not protect the corner from invasion - the left figure shows a successful invasion of the san-san point under hoshi.
In order to completely secure the corner, the Hoshi must be protected from two sides, for example, at points (6-3): and on the right of the figures.
Komoku
Komoku is one point below the Hoshi and is a more conservative move. [1] If the opponent does not respond to the lump, then the player can enclose a corner by moving to one of the key points a - d marked on the diagram.
The above joseki shows how black takes away the angle and high influence on the right side, paying for it with a given white influence on the upper side and weaknesses at points a and b
Joshaki Shogi
In shogi, joseki are classified mainly according to the position of the rook, and are divided into 2 following main groups:
- Joseki : , Aigakari , Kakugavari , Yokofudori , and
- Joseki of the : , shikenbisha , sankenbisha , oncoming rook and floating rook .
Also, the determining parameter of joseki is the fortress (castle): , mino , funa , anaguma , edo , millennium , etc. (more than 50 main groups of castles are known).
Joseki of handicap games (for officially recognized handicap) are also developed in detail.
Since the 1990s, with the advent of the “ Habu generation ” in shogi, the development of joseki has accelerated: new joseki and the development of old ones are emerging. The formation of the debut shogi theory continues to this day.
Since 1973, the Japanese Shogi Association annually presents a prize for outstanding achievements in the development of joseki. Since 1994, it has been called the Masuda Special Prize.
Notes
- ↑ Arthur Smith - The game of go: the national game of Japan - 1956
R4 Called "Komoku" the most usual and most conservative method of commencing the corner play.