Diggerstvo (from the English. Digger - digger) - the study of underground shelters and other underground objects. Digger people are called diggers . Despite the origin from the English digger , the term is widely used only by Russian-speaking representatives of the subculture, as well as in the countries of the former USSR. The founder of the digger movement in Russia by the diggers themselves is considered the Soviet speleologist Ignatius Stelletsky .
Content
- 1 Origin of the term
- 2 Structure
- 3 Digger Anonymity
- 4 Legal aspects
- 5 Accidents
- 6 See also
- 7 notes
- 8 References
The origin of the term
According to one version, the idea of using the word "digger" as a definition of hobby belongs to the leader of the international and Russian movement of diggers [1] , the head of the rescue squad "Digger-saved", Vadim Mikhailov [2] . According to Mikhailov, in the evening, after one of his first descents under the ground, he and his comrades searched in the dictionaries for a term that could indicate this hobby. The choice focused on the word "digger" , denoting the socio-political movement that arose in the middle of the XVII century in England. But, as Vadim Mikhailov himself explains, this choice is not due to the fact that English diggers are the historical predecessors of modern diggers, but the meaning of the word “to dig” means digging, that is, diving deep into the earth, into underground structures [2] .
Structure
Diggers are interested in almost all underground structures - including bomb shelters , bunkers, and metro ghost stations. Diggers are particularly interested in the underground transport system Metro-2, supposedly existing in Moscow.
Digger Anonymity
In groups of Russian diggers (as opposed to foreign ones) there is a tradition of “washing” or painting their faces in photographs (which is usually useless because everyone knows each other) in order to prevent the police or special services from using their portraits for their own purposes.
Legal Aspects
In accordance with Part 2 of Article 20.17 of the Code of Administrative Offenses of the Russian Federation : Unauthorized entry into an underground or underwater object protected in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, if this action does not contain signs of a criminal offense, an administrative fine of 75,000 to 200,000 rubles is incurred.
In December 2015, a new “anti-digger” article 215.4 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Illegal penetration of a guarded object” was introduced, providing for punishment for repeated violation, up to 4 years in prison (depending on the paragraph of the article). Also in December 2016, a digger was sentenced to 5 years [3] of imprisonment under article 283.1 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation “Illegal obtaining of information constituting a state secret” [4] .
Accidents
The study of urban underground structures is associated with significant danger, because In most cases, these structures are not intended for people to stay in them without special equipment and protective equipment. The most famous were several fatal cases.
December 11, 1999, Moscow - while trying to shoot in the main sewer on Ul. Miklouho-Maclay killed the cameraman Maxim Ocheretin, the director of the VID television company Alexander Kuprin, who was with him, received serious injuries [5] .
June 14, 2008, Kiev - four diggers descended into the collector of the Klov River. Due to the sudden onset of rainfall, the collector began to fill rapidly with water. Two diggers managed to get out, the other two died [6] .
February 3, 2011, Moscow - at the metro station Paveletskaya in one of the office premises during a routine inspection found a mummified body of a digger, which lay there for about 2 months. Presumably, having entered this room, the digger slammed the door behind him and could not open it from the inside [7] .
June 13, 2016, Moscow - two diggers descended into an underground drain collector on Ozernaya Street for 20 years. For unknown reasons, the body of one of them was later discovered in the Ramenka River [8] .
July 27, 2019, St. Petersburg - the famous St. Petersburg digger Alexei Kulakov (MegaVolt) and the popular video blogger Pavel Shpuntenkov (Road to film) went down the main sewer on the Karpovka River Embankment on the night of July 27 to shoot a new video for blog post. In the morning, their bodies were discovered at the bottom of an open well. Presumably, they suffocated due to the accumulation of gases in the well [9] .
See also
- Industrial tourism and urban research
- Survivism
- Paris underground quarries
- Catacombs of Paris
- Drainage system
- Odessa catacombs
- Neglinnaya underground river
Notes
- ↑ Digger Vadim Mikhailov about technological disasters in Russia
- ↑ 1 2 Tomorrow / We - “Digger Saved”
- ↑ The Supreme Court upheld the Moscow digger’s sentence due to the publication of state secrets . RBC (April 11, 2017).
- ↑ FSB vs. Diggers. How to become a defendant in a case of disclosure of state secrets, not being the bearer of state secrets . Mediazone (April 20, 2016).
- ↑ Kommersant / Teleoperator killed in a Moscow dungeon
- ↑ Facts / When it starts to rain outside, a person underground has only two minutes to save himself
- ↑ RBC / Dead digger lay in the subway tunnel for 2 months
- ↑ NTV / state of emergency in the west of the Russian capital: a young digger died in the collector
- ↑ 78 / Famous blogger Road-To Film and digger were tragically killed in St. Petersburg
Links
- Mukhina E. Diggerism: crime, insanity or tourism? . RestBee.ru (May 29, 2013). Date accessed August 26, 2018.
- Ivushkina A. For diggery can introduce criminal liability , Izvestia (December 15, 2014). Date accessed August 26, 2018.
- Seliverstova N. Criminal punishment for diggers introduced in Russia , RIA Novosti (December 31, 2015). Date accessed August 26, 2018.
- Digger: “All the stories about the subway are just myths” . Moscow 24 (August 21, 2013). Date accessed August 26, 2018.
- Youth subculture - diggers . Studwood.ru. Date accessed August 26, 2018.