Sobeslav II ( czech. Soběslav II .; 1128 - January 9, 1180 ) - prince of Bohemia in 1173-1178, the second son of Bohemian prince Sobeslav I and Adelaide (Adlets) of Hungary .
| Sobeslav II | |||||||
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| ches Soběslav II. | |||||||
 Sobeslav II. Illustration of Wenceslas Cerny . | |||||||
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| Predecessor | Friedrich (Bedrich) | ||||||
| Successor | Friedrich (Bedrich) | ||||||
| Birth | 1128 | ||||||
| Death | January 9, 1180 | ||||||
| Burial place | |||||||
| Rod | Přemyslovichi | ||||||
| Father | Sobeslav I | ||||||
| Mother | Adelaide (Adleta) Hungarian | ||||||
| Spouse | Elzbieta Polish | ||||||
Content
Biography
Board
In 1140, when his father died, the Czech prince Sobeslav I, Sobeslav II was still a teenager.
The name of Sobeslav II is not mentioned among the princes who rebelled in 1142 against the new Czech prince Vladislav II . The elder brother of Sobeslav II, Vladislav , also took part in this uprising. But in 1147, Vladislav II set off for the Second Crusade as part of the army of Emperor Conrad III . Sobeslav in 1148 tried to take advantage of this to seize the throne, but Vladislav II's brother DePolt , who ruled the principality on behalf of his brother during his absence, was able to suppress the uprising, capturing Sobieslav in captivity and imprisoning him in Pramda castle [1] .
In 1150, Sobeslav managed to escape to Germany. After the death of the emperor Conrad III in 1152, Sobeslav found refuge at the court of the new ruler of the Holy Roman Empire Frederick I Barbarossa , with whom Vladislav II was at a time in a quarrel [1] .
In 1161, Sobeslav undertook a campaign in Moravia, where he captured Olomouc . Vladislav II, who had received the royal title by that time, was not able to quickly banish Sobieslav. Therefore, he tricked Sobeslav into arriving in Prague , promising to give him a lot. When he did this, Vladislav ordered him to be captured and re-imprisoned in the castle of Přim [2] .
In conclusion, Sobeslav stayed until 1173. In 1172, Vladislav II, who again quarreled with Emperor Frederick I, decided to abdicate in favor of the eldest son Bedrich (Frederick) and retired to the Strahov Monastery . This was used by Emperor Frederick I, who tried to arrogate to himself the right to decide who would receive the Czech throne. At the time of the emperor's court, two younger brothers Sobeslav, Oldrich and Vatslav lived at that time [3] . After Oldrich complained to the emperor that his elder brother was imprisoned, Frederick I ordered Vladislav II and Bedrich to arrive at the imperial court in Nuremberg , freeing Sobeslav. At trial, he intended to decide who should govern the Czech Republic after the abdication of Vladislav II. Bedřich released Sobieslav and delivered him to Prague Castle, intending to negotiate with him. However, Sobieslav, frightened by the rumors that Bedrich ordered to blind him, fled to Germany, where he came to the emperor Frederick I. He went to the imperial court and Bedrich, but the emperor Frederick I decided in his own way. He deprived Bedrich of the throne, putting Oldrich in his place, who with the consent of the emperor immediately denied in favor of his elder brother Sobeslav II [4] . At the same time, the emperor took away from the rulers of the Czech Republic the right to the hereditary royal title transferred at the time to Vladislav II [5] .
The emperor kept Bedřich in his court, and Sobeлавslav went to the Czech Republic, where in 1174 he was solemnly proclaimed noble prince of the Czech Republic. Vladislav II with his second wife and younger children fled to Thuringia, where he died. Also, the emperor dismissed Vojtech (Adalbert) , son of Vladislav, from the Salzburg Archbishop's Department [6] .
In gratitude for the election of the prince, the emperor demanded from Sobieslav that he should assemble an auxiliary army for the march of Frederick to Italy. However, in 1176 the army of the emperor was defeated under Legnano . At the same time, Sobeslav had to get involved in an argument over the archbishopric of Salzburg. The duke of Austria Henry II Yazomirgott , unhappy with the displacement of his nephew Adalbert from the archbishop's pulpit, stood up for him. Adalbert was supported by the Znojma prince Konrad III Ota . In response, Sobeslav decided to speak out in support of the imperial protege. He gathered an army and made two campaigns in Austria. As a result, the army of Henry II was defeated, the duke himself fled and soon died, and Sobeslav ravaged all the Austrian lands to the Danube . However, during the campaign, Sobeslav's army plundered many churches and monasteries, which is why Pope Alexander III in 1177 imposed an interdict on Sobeslav [6] .
In 1177 in Venice, Emperor Frederick I was forced to reconcile with Pope Alexander III. One of the conditions of the world was Adalbert's abdication of the Archbishop's pulpit. As compensation, the emperor was forced to return the Czech throne to the brother Adalbert - Bedřich. Having lost the support of the emperor, Sobeslav, who had lost the support of the nobility by that time, could not oppose Bedřich, who hired mercenaries in Germany, and invaded the Czech Republic with the support of Konrad Znoemsky and the new Duke of Austria Leopold V. As a result, Sobeslav fled, and Bedřich was again proclaimed ruler of the Czech Republic [6] .
In 1179, Sobeslav attempted to take advantage of the absence of Bedřich, who at that time departed at the call of the emperor to Swabia . Having collected the army, Sobeslav marched to Prague, but could not take it. Bedřich received this news, recruited an army of mercenaries in Germany and marched to the Czech Republic. On the way to Prague, Bedrich was ambushed by Sobeslav and was defeated. However, Bedřich managed to cross the Vltava and join up with the army of Konrad Znoemsky, who arrived to help him from Moravia. Near Prague they managed to beat Soběslav, who was forced to flee [6] .
Sobeslav died on January 9, 1180 in exile. He left no heirs.
Marriage
Wife: with approx. 1173/1177 - Eliška (Elžbieta) Polish (c. 1152 - April 2, 1209), daughter of Kraków Prince Mieszko III Old and Erzhebeta Hungarian. There were no children. After the death of Sobieslav, Eliška married the margrave of the Lusatia marque Konrad II of Landsberg .
Ancestors
| Ancestors of Sobeslav II | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Tomek V. History of the Czech Kingdom.
- ↑ Tomek V. History of the Czech Kingdom.
- Соб Sobeslav's elder brother, Vladislav, died in exile in 1165.
- ↑ Žemlička Josef. Přemysl Otakar I. - p. 40-41.
- ↑ Tomek V. History of the Czech Kingdom.
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Tomek V. History of the Czech Kingdom.
Literature
- Žemlička Josef. Přemysl Otakar I. Panovník, stát a česká společnost na prahu vrcholného feudalismu. - Praha: Nakladatelství Svoboda, 1990. - 361 p. - ISBN 80-205-0099-5 . (Czech)
- Sobeslav // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : 86 t. (82 t. And 4 extra.). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Tomek V. History of the Czech Kingdom / Per. with Czech edited by V. Yakovlev. - SPb. : Publisher S.V. Zvonareva, 1868. - 843 p.
Links
- Kings of Bohemia 915-1197 (Přemyslid) (English) . Foundation for Medieval Genealogy. The appeal date is July 8, 2011.
- Sobieslav II. Herzog von Böhmen . Mittelalterliche Genealogie im Deutschen Reich bis zum Ende der Staufer. The appeal date is December 11, 2011. Archived March 19, 2006.