CoffeeScript

The creator of the language is Jeremy Ashkenas .

Initially, the compiler was written in Ruby , but in version 0.5, which was released on February 21, 2010 , the compiler was implemented on CoffeeScript itself.

CoffeeScript has been welcomed in the Ruby community. Native CoffeeScript support has been added to the Ruby on Rails web framework since version 3.1.

On the official website of the language there is a section “try coffeescript” that allows you to run programs on it online ^[4] . Unlike, for example, Try Ruby ^[5] , there will be no server requests, the code is compiled and executed directly in the browser.

Variables

CoffeeScript:

  age = 2
 male = true
 name = "Matvey"

JavaScript:

  var age = 2 ,
     male = true
     name = "Matvey" ;

Functions

CoffeeScript:

  say = ( speech ) ->
   alert speech

 say "Hello world!"

JavaScript using ECMAScript 2015:

  const say = speech => alert ( speech );
 say ( 'Hello world!' );

JavaScript:

  var say = function ( speech ) {
   alert ( speech );
 };
 say ( "Hello world!" );

Classes and Objects

CoffeeScript:

  class Human
   constructor: (@name) ->

 class Baby extends Human
   say: (msg) -> alert " # { @name } says ' # { msg } '"
   sayHi: -> @say ( 'hello!' )

 matt = new Baby ( "Matvey" )
 matt .  sayHi ()

JavaScript using ECMAScript 2015:

  class Human {
	 constructor ( name ) {
		 this .  name = name ;
	 }
 }

 class Baby extends Human {
	 say ( msg ) {
		 alert ( ` $ { this . name } says ' $ { msg } '` );
	 }
	 sayHi () {
		 this .  say ( 'hello!' );
	 }
 }

 const matt = new Baby ( 'Matvey' );
 matt .  sayHi ();

An analogue in JavaScript (an analogue, not a compilation result):

  function Human ( name ) {
   this .  name = name ;
 }

 function Baby ( name ) {
   Human  call ( this , name );
 }

 Baby  prototype = Object .  create ( Human . prototype );
 Baby  prototype .  say = function ( msg ) {
   alert ( this . name + 'says' + msg );
 };
 Baby  prototype .  sayHi = function () {
   this .  say ( 'hello!' );
 };
 Baby  prototype .  constructor = Human ;

 var matt = new Baby ( "Matvey" );
 matt .  sayHi ();

Note: in JavaScript, when working with “classes” (constructor + prototypes + functions for inheritance and mixing), they often use wrappers (MooTools, AtomJS and others). JavaScript analogy with AtomJS class wrapper:

  var Human = Class ({
   initialize : function ( name ) {
     this .  name = name ;
   }
 });

 var Baby = Class ({
   Extends : Human ,
   say : function ( msg ) {
     alert ( this . name + 'says' + msg );
   },
   sayHi : function () {
     this .  say ( 'hello!' );
   }
 });

 var matt = new Baby ( "Matvey" );
 matt .  sayHi ();

An example CoffeeScript class with various kinds of properties.

  class test
   say = (msg) -> alert msg # private method
   @echo = (msg) -> console .  log msg # static method written to Test
   setHi: (msg) -> # dynamic method, recorded in Test.prototype
     @hi = -> msg # dynamic method, written to instance Test

• Dart
• Haxe
• Javascript
• TypeScript

• Mark Bates. CoffeeScript Second Wind JavaScript = Mark Bates. Programming in CoffeeScript. - M .: DMK , 2012 .-- 312 p. - 300 copies. - ISBN 978-5-94074-842-7 .
• Alex MacCaw. The Little Book on CoffeeScript . - O'Reilly Media, 2011 .-- 60 p. - ISBN 9781449321055,.
• CoffeeScript Cookbook , a collection of CoffeeScript recipes from the community.
• Smooth CoffeeScript , a free e-book about CoffeeScript. Available in two versions with source code examples.
• Michael Galpin. Your first cup of CoffeeScript: Part 1. Getting started (Rus.) . DeveloperWorks (July 19, 2012). Date of treatment January 10, 2016.
  • Your first cup of CoffeeScript: Part 2. Learning the language with practical examples (neopr.) (July 18, 2012). Date of treatment January 10, 2016.
  • Your first cup of CoffeeScript: Part 3. Using Client-side CoffeeScript (unopened) (July 20, 2012). Date of treatment January 10, 2016.
  • Your First Cup of CoffeeScript: Part 4. Using Server-Side CoffeeScript (unopened) (July 20, 2012). Date of treatment January 10, 2016.
• Andrew Glover. Functional JavaScript using CoffeeScript and Node (Russian) . DeveloperWorks (December 3, 2012). Date of treatment January 10, 2016.

• CoffeeScript official website
• CoffeeScript repository on GitHub
• Translation of official documentation
• CoffeeScript Russian-speaking group
• Russian site by CoffeeScript
• Video course (en)

Related projects:

• CoffeeScript Compiler for Windows
• CoffeeKup , a template engine and engine for generating HTML code in CoffeeScript.
• Prepros , compiles CoffeeScript on the fly. For Windows and OSX (also compiles LESS, Stylus, Haml, Jade, Markdown, Slim, SASS)