Smirnov Efim Ivanovich ( October 10 [23], 1904 , the village of Ozerki, Nizhny Novgorod province [1] - October 6, 1989 , Moscow ) - Soviet military and statesman; Doctor of Medical Sciences , Professor , Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR , Colonel General of the Medical Service ; Hero of Socialist Labor (1978).
| Efim Ivanovich Smirnov | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Head of the government | Stalin, Joseph Vissarionovich | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Predecessor | Miterev, George Andreevich | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Successor | Tretyakov, Andrey Fedorovich | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Birth | October 10 (23), 1904 Ozerki village, Nizhny Novgorod province , Russian Empire [1] | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Death | October 6, 1989 (84 years old) Moscow , USSR | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Burial place | Novodevichy cemetery | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| The consignment |  VKP (b) - CPSU since 1929 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Education | Military Medical Academy ; | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Academic degree | Doctor of Medical Sciences | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Academic rank | Academician of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR ( 1948 ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Profession | military doctor | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Awards |
Other states :
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| Military service | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Years of service | 1928-1987 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Affiliation |  the USSR | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Type of army | army | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Rank |  | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Commanded | Head of the GVSU RKKA / GVMU MO USSR | |||||||||||||||||||||||
| Battles | The Great Patriotic War | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Content
Education
- In 1928 he graduated from the working department in Omsk .
- In 1932 he graduated from the Military Medical Academy .
- In 1938 he graduated from the Military Academy named after M.V. Frunze .
- In 1948 he was elected a full member (academician) of the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences .
Career
- From 1914 to 1923 he worked as a farm laborer, then as a laborer in a glass factory.
- From 1923 to 1925, secretary of the Stepanovsky Village Council. Then in 1928 he was drafted into the Red Army .
- Since 1932, the doctor of the tank battalion of the 32nd mechanized brigade of the 11th mechanized corps
- Since February 1933, head of the 2nd branch of the military sanitary department of the Leningrad Military District
- Since May 1933, senior doctor of the 172nd training experimental artillery regiment
- From March 1935 to June 1936 and from March 1937 to April 1938 he was the head of the course at the Military Medical Academy . From June 1935 to March 1937, assistant to the head of the personnel department of the sanitary administration of the Red Army .
- Since April 1938, head of the sanitary service of the Leningrad Military District . In May 1939 he was appointed head of the Military Health Administration of the Red Army .
- From 1941 to 1945, head of the Main Military Sanitary Directorate of the Red Army. As Professor A. A. Kamensky notes: “During the war, the Germans had epidemics, but we do not. The merit in this, as it is believed, belongs in many respects to the outstanding doctor and organizer of science Smirnov” [2] .
- From 1946 to 1947, head of the Main Military Medical Directorate of the Armed Forces of the USSR.
- From February 1947 to December 1952, Minister of Health of the USSR .
- Removed from the post of minister in connection with the " case of doctors ", according to S. N. Khrushchev : "From day to day, he was awaiting arrest" [3] .
- From April 1953 to September 1953 he was the head of the S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy .
- From 1953 to 1955, head of the department of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR .
- Since 1955, head of the Main Military Medical Directorate of the USSR Ministry of Defense. Since November 1960, head of the 15th Directorate of the General Staff of the Armed Forces of the USSR .
- From 1985 to 1987 he was a military consultant to the Group of Inspectors General of the USSR Ministry of Defense .
Died October 6, 1989 . He was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery in Moscow (11 academic buildings, 1st row) [4] .
Community Activities
He was elected as a deputy of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR , Moscow and Leningrad city Councils of deputies of workers.
Scientific activity
The main works are devoted to the organization and tactics of the military medical service, the history of military medicine. He justified and put into practice a system of specialized medical care for the wounded and sick, which during the Great Patriotic War ensured the return of 73% of the wounded and over 90% of patients. He supervised the development of a sanitary-epidemiological support system for troops.
Selected Works
- Geselevich A.M. , Smirnov E.I. Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov: Scientific Biogr. feature article. - M .: Medgiz, 1960 .-- 182 p. - 1000 copies.
- Smirnov E.I. War and military medicine: Thoughts and memories, 1939-1945. - M .: Medicine, 1976 .-- 463 p. - 5,000 copies. || . - 2nd ed., Rev. and add. - M .: Medicine, 1979. - 526 p. - 11,000 copies.
- Smirnov E. I. Issues of organization and tactics of the sanitary service. - M .: Medgiz, 1942 .-- 88 s.
- Smirnov E.I. Military medicine and Nikolai Ivanovich Pirogov: Report by Surgeon. Pirogov Island at the Celebrations. December 6th 1944 - [L.]: Medgiz, 1945. - 39 p.
- Smirnov E.I. Medicine and healthcare organization (1947-1953). - M .: Medicine, 1989 .-- 430 p. - 7200 copies. - ISBN 5-225-00669-8 .
- Smirnov E.I. Some issues of sanitary support of troops in modern warfare // Military-medical. Acad. : Tr. - L. , 1940. - T. 28. Questions of the organization of the sanitary service . - S. 7-12 .
- Smirnov E.I. Soviet military doctors in World War II. - M .: Council. Science, 1945. - 99 p. - 10,000 copies.
- Smirnov E.I. Scientific Medical Council of the Red Army // Military Medical. Acad. : Tr. - L. , 1940. - T. 28. Questions of the organization of the sanitary service . - S. 13-18 .
- Smirnov E.I. Front-line mercy. - M .: Military Publishing House, 1991 .-- 430 p. - (War memoirs). - 50,000 copies. - ISBN 5-203-01031-5 .
- Smirnov E.I., Lebedinsky V.A., Garin N.S. Wars and epidemics . - M .: Medicine, 1988 .-- 238 p. - 8000 copies. - ISBN 5-225-00123-8 .
- Smirnov E.I., Lebedinsky V.A., Garin N.S. Epidemic process: (Probl. And judgment). - M .: Medicine, 1980 .-- 240 p. - 5700 copies.
Recognition
- Honorary Member of the Surgical Society. N.I. Pirogov, All-Union Society of Historians of Medicine, Royal Medical Society of Great Britain, Medical Surgical Society of Canada, Society of Military Physicians of the United States of America.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Now - in the Kovrovsky district of the Vladimir region , Russia .
- ↑ Newspaper Search: General from Biology. Academician Igor Ashmarin was both a strategist and tactician
- ↑ S. N. Khrushchev . Nikita Khrushchev: reformer. - Moscow: Time, 2010
- ↑ Smirnov Efim Ivanovich (1904-1989) . Novodevichy Cemetery (September 19, 2010). Date of treatment May 15, 2012. Archived July 24, 2012.
Literature
- Shelepov A. M., Leonov I. T., Veselov E. I. Marshal of military medicine: [about Colonel General of the Medical Service E.I. Smirnov: on the 210th anniversary of the Military Medical Academy. S. M. Kirov]. - 2nd ed. - SPb. : Kommersant, 2008 .-- 429 p. - 500 copies. - ISBN 5-98969-007-X .
- Smirnov Efim Ivanovich // Civil protection. Encyclopedia in 4 volumes / V. A. Puchkov . - 3rd, revised and supplemented. - Moscow: EMERCOM of Russia , FSBI VNII GOCHS (FC), 2015. - T. 3: P-S. - S. 532. - 658 p. - ISBN 978-5-93790-129-7 .
Links
- Smirnov Efim Ivanovich - article from the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (3rd edition)
- Smirnov, Efim Ivanovich . Site " Heroes of the country ".
- Award sheet for the Order of the Red Banner for Lieutenant General Smirnov Efim Ivanovich