Thomas Bim Martin ( eng. Sir Thomas Byam Martin , July 25, 1773 - October 25, 1854 ) - British fleet admiral .
| Thomas Bim Martin | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sir thomas byam martin | |||
 | |||
| Date of Birth | July 25, 1773 | ||
| Place of Birth | Surrey | ||
| Date of death | October 25, 1854 (81 year) | ||
| Place of death | Portsmouth | ||
| Affiliation |  Great Britain | ||
| Type of army |  Royal Navy | ||
| Years of service | 1785 - 1854 | ||
| Rank | Fleet admiral | ||
| Commanded | HMS Modest HMS Santa Margarita HMS Prince of Wales | ||
| Battles / Wars | Revolutionary Wars * Irish Uprising (1798) Napoleonic wars Russian-Swedish War (1808-1809) | ||
| Awards and prizes |
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Thomas Martin was born in Surrey and was the third son of Henry Martin ( born Henry Martin ), who later became a member of Southampton’s parliament and a baronet. In early youth, he studied at Southampton High School, and then at Royal High School in Guildfort.
In 1785, Martin entered the Royal Naval College in Portsmouth . The following year, he began his naval career as a captain in the frigate HMS Pegasus , commanded by Prince William Henry . In 1788 he was transferred along with the future king to the frigate HMS Andromeda , and in 1790 to the ship HMS Southampton . Then Martin was promoted to lieutenant and assigned to the ship HMS Canada .
After two years of service on the HMS Inconstant and HMS Juno frigates, Martin was promoted to the rank of commander and appointed commander of the HMS Tisiphone firefighter in the Mediterranean, where he took part in hostilities during the period of the French revolutionary wars.
In November 1793, Martin was promoted to full captain and received command of the captured French frigate HMS Modeste . Two years later he was transferred to the Canal Fleet , where he received the frigate HMS Santa-Margarita , commanding which, captured the French frigate Tamise , losing two dead and three wounded.
In 1797, Martin was transferred to the West Indies , where he commanded the two-hedgehog HMS Tamar and captured nine privatisers .
In 1798 , commanding HMS Fisgard , Martin was involved in protecting the shores of Ireland and disrupting the plans to land the French troops to support the uprising . October 20 caught up and after the battle captured the French Immortalité . At this time he led the blockade operations off the coast of France as part of the squadron of Commodore Sir John Warren .
During the Peace of Amiens, Martin commanded the ship HMS Impetueux , in which in 1804 he participated in the rescue of the crew of the wrecked ship HMS Venerable . In 1807, he commanded the 98-gun ship HMS Prince of Wales in the Canal Fleet. In 1808 , receiving the command of the 74-gun HMS Implacable , took part in the Russian-Swedish war . Together with HMS Centaur, he captured and burned the Russian 74-gun ship Vsevolod, for which he received the Order of the Sword from the Swedish king Gustav Adolf .
In 1810, Martin temporarily replaced Vice Admiral Lord Cuthbert Collingwood as Commander of the Mediterranean Fleet. In 1811 he returned to the Baltic, where, with the rank of Rear Admiral, he participated in the defense of Riga during the Patriotic War of 1812 .
In the years 1812-1814 , Martin was deputy commander in Plymouth . In 1813 he was at the headquarters of the Duke of Wellington in Spain to coordinate the actions of the Royal Navy and the army. On June 7, 1814, Thomas Martin was promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral of the Red Squadron [1] , and on January 4, 1815 , after the Napoleonic Wars ended, he was awarded the Order of the Ban of the Commander's Cross [2] .
In 1815, Sir Thomas was appointed first assistant fleet controller, and the next year controller. In this position, he had a great influence on the naval policy of Great Britain and on the reduction of the Royal Navy in connection with the world. On July 22, 1830, he was promoted to the rank of Admiral of the Blue Squadron [3] , January 10, 1837 - to the rank of admiral of the white squadron [4] .
Also for fourteen years, from 1818 to 1832 , Sir Thomas was a member of Parliament from Plymouth. He supported the Tories and spoke with decisive criticism of the office of Earl Gray . This led to the fact that Sir Martin was dismissed in 1831 by his old friend King William IV from the position of fleet controller.
In 1849, Sir Thomas was promoted to the rank of admiral of the fleet and was awarded the Grand Knight's Cross of the Order of the Bath . He also held honorary positions as Rear Admiral of the United Kingdom, and from 1847 until his death, Vice Admiral of the United Kingdom.
Family
In 1798, Thomas Martin married Catherine Fenshawe (daughter of Catherine Fanshawe ), the daughter of captain Robert Fenshou. They had three sons and three daughters. Sons William and Henry also became admirals of the Royal Navy.