The goddess of dawn is one of the deities of the reconstructed Indo-European religion . Her name is reconstructed as Ausōs ( great-ie. * H₂ewsṓs- ), not taking into account numerous epithets [1] . It is the prototype of such goddesses as the Baltic Auschrine , Greek Eos , Roman Aurora , Vedic Ushas , German Ostara (* Austrōn- , in later traditions: dr.-v. German Ēostre, Ôstarâ ).
Content
Name Etymology
The name * h₂ewsṓs is derived from the root * h₂wes "to shine, to shine" and means "brilliant" [2] . The English word east (east) and Latin auster (south) come from the related adjective aws-t (e) ro- . From the same root the word aurum (gold) is also formed - from * awso- . The goddess of dawn was also the goddess of spring and a participant in the Indo-European New Year myth, where the goddess of dawn is freed from captivity (this is reflected in the Rigveda and Greek mythology).
In addition to the most amenable to the reconstruction of the name, * h₂ewsṓs , with a certain degree of certainty, the epithets of this goddess can also be reconstructed. Among them is * wenos- , from which vanas is formed in Sanskrit (charm, desire), which is called Ushas in the Rig Veda, as well as the name of the Latin Venus - Venus . The epithet indicates that the goddess seemed to be a beautiful woman of marriageable age.
The consequence of this was the separation of the personification of dawn and the goddess of love. An example is the Roman Venus - Aurora; Greek Aphrodite - Eos . Aphrodite ( Dr. Greek Άφροδίτη ) at the same time retained the functions of the goddess Dawn, the etymology of her name is “the one that shines from the ocean” (from ἀφρός - foam and δέατο - shone, it seemed) [3] [4] .
Another epithet is dr. Greek. Ἠριγόνη (Erigone) - “early born” .
The Italian goddess Mater Matuta (Mother Morning) was identified by Roman authors ( Lucretius , Priscian ) with Aurora. The holiday dedicated to her was celebrated on June 11 at dawn [5] .
See also
- Dawn (mythology)
- Easter Bunny
- Clan Ausra
- Pra-Indo-European religion
- Pra-Indo-European language
- List of Indo-European Roots
Notes
- ↑ Mallory (1997: 148-149).
- ↑ Pokorny J., Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, 1959. sv au̯es- (p. 86f.); forms of ablaut ā̆us-, u̯es-, us- .
- ↑ Janda (2010), p. 65
- ↑ Mallory, JP and DQ Adams. Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture . London: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishing, 1997.
- ↑ West (2007: 226).
Literature
- Gerber H. Myths of Northern Europe - Litres, 2013—473 p. - ISBN 5-457-02756-2
- Janda, Michael, Die Musik nach dem Chaos , - Innsbruck 2010
- Mallory, JP (editor). Adams, Douglas Q. (editor). (1997). Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture . - Taylor & Francis . ISBN 1-884964-98-2
- Martin Litchfield West, Indo-European Poetry and Myth , - Oxford University Press , 2007, ISBN 978-0-19-928075-9 .