Vladikavkaz

The name "Vladikavkaz" with the meaning "possess the Caucasus" was given to the fortress by P. S. Potemkin . “At the entrance to the mountains, I ordered the fortress to be founded on my designated place under review under the name Vladikavkaz,” Lieutenant General P. S. Potemkin reported on the laying of the fortress in a report on April 25, 1784.

The decree of Empress Catherine II of 1784: “At the foot of the mountains I command you to establish a city at my designated place for review, under the name Vladikavkaz.”

Until 1920, the city was part of the Terek region .

On October 13, 1928, the Bureau of the North Caucasus Regional Committee of the All-Union Communist Party of Bolsheviks adopted a resolution on the city of Vladikavkaz, according to a report by its secretary A. A. Andreev.

By protocol No. 7 of September 2, 1931, the solemn plenum of the Vladikavkaz City Council, on the basis of a decision of the Central Executive Committee of the USSR, the city of Vladikavkaz was renamed the city of Ordzhonikidze.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR No. 795 of February 28, 1944, the city of Ordzhonikidze was renamed the city of Dzaudzhikau.

By the decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of February 24, 1954 (without number), the city of Dzaudzhikau of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic was renamed the city of Ordzhonikidze.

By resolution of the Supreme Council of the North Ossetian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic No. 185 of July 20, 1990, the city of Ordzhonikidze was renamed the city of Vladikavkaz ^[6] .

Geographical position

The city is located in the North Caucasus , on both banks of the Terek River, 30 km from the Darial Gorge . The Georgian Military Road originates from Vladikavkaz.

Climate

Climatic conditions: temperate climatic zone, softened by the proximity of mountains. Winters are mild, summers are long, but not arid, and mostly not too sultry. Average January temperature: −1.9 ° C. Average July temperature: +20.7 ° C. On December 5, 2010, the absolute maximum of winter in Russia was recorded in Vladikavkaz, the air warmed up to +27.1 ° C.

Time Zone

In accordance with the applicable time and geographical longitude ^{[8], the} average sunny noon in Vladikavkaz occurs at 12:01.

Environmental pollution

Production at Electrozinc ^[9] and other plants causes certain environmental problems. Problems in the sulfuric acid workshop lead to emissions of sulfur dioxide and sulfur dioxide into the atmosphere. Strong emissions are known in 2003 ^{[10] [11] [12]} . A striking example was the outburst on October 5, 2009. The cause of the release to a large extent is the human factor, inconsistency of personnel actions during the start of production after repair, the lack of management of the process by officials, and the poor quality of repair work. The established standards for sulfur dioxide, according to ecologists, were exceeded almost five times, for sulfur trioxide - 196.6 times ^[13] . Mass protests were organized in the city ^[14] . North Ossetian parliamentarians are ready to bring the issue to discussion in the State Duma of the Russian Federation ^[15] . In October 2018, a major fire occurred on Electrozinc ^[16] , the electrolyte shop burned out, and sulfur, arsenic, sulfuric acid fumes and other poisonous gases fell into the air during a fire. Residents of the city went to the central square with a demand to immediately close the plant, after which the head of the North Ossetia-Alania came to the protesters and promised to vote for the closure of the plant, as a result, the parliament of the republic unanimously voted to close the plant.

The city was founded in 1784, as a Russian fortress at the entrance to the Darial Gorge in connection with the signing of the St. George Treaty between Russia and Georgia and the start of construction of the Georgian Military Highway . The fortress arose on the right bank of the Terek River, near the Ossetian village of Dzauga.

Fortress Vladikavkaz

The foundation of the Vladikavkaz fortress coincides with the era of decisive rapprochement between Russia and Georgia. On July 24, 1783, an act was signed in Georgievsk on the entry of Georgia under the auspices of Russia. This event highlighted the issue of a convenient and safe communication between the Caucasian line and Transcaucasia. For this purpose, several fortifications were built between Mozdok and the sole of the Main Range on the right bank of the Terek River in 1784. The first of them from Mozdok was called Grigoriopolis, the second - Kumbeley, the third - Potemkinsky, the very south, which closed the entrance to the Darial Gorge, was called Vladikavkaz. The name of the fortress was given by Empress Catherine the Great. The consecration of the Vladikavkaz fortress followed on May 6, 1784. At the beginning of its existence, the fortress was extremely important to serve, among other fortifications, as a security point for Russian communications with Georgia. The fortress was equipped with twelve cannons.

Empress Catherine II, in her decree of May 9, 1785, addressed to the Governor-General of Saratov and the Caucasus P. Potemkin commanded: “In the constructed fortress at the entrance to the Caucasus mountains we allow us to build our Orthodox Church, use it and decorate it with the ones left in Kizlyar from the amount for the caressing of Kumyks and other peoples; at the same time, observe that the clergy in the church and fortress do not use oppression or coercion for the peoples there. ”

In 1804, the Vladikavkaz garrison battalion was formed to defend the fortress, whose commander was also the commandant of the fortress. Since that time, a reliable communication between the Caucasian line and Georgia was laid.

In 1826, the fortress had two bastions and three half-bastions. The bastions of the northern side of the fortification were called Mozdok and Vladikavkaz. On the eastern side were the half-bastions Vesely and Polevoy, on the southern side - Tiflis.

The location of the fortress was determined by the modern buildings of the Government House, School No. 5, Pushkin Square, Freedom Square and adjacent streets.

With the expansion of the outskirts of the fortress and an increase in population, trade began to develop rapidly, attracting trading people. The outward appearance of Vladikavkaz began to change; beautiful houses of officers, merchants, and philistines began to appear.

During the war with the highlanders, the fortress was rebuilt several times. In 1858, Vladikavkaz was surrounded by a stone wall with loopholes and towers. The fortress housed the administration of the Vladikavkaz district and the left flank of the Caucasian line.

On March 31, 1860, when the outcome of the Caucasian War was clear, Vladikavkaz received the status of a city, which soon became the administrative center of the Terek Region created in 1863.

The Chancellery of the Ataman of the Terek Cossack Army was also located here. The rapid development of the city was facilitated by its connection in 1875 by rail with Rostov-on-Don.

At the beginning of the 20th century, Vladikavkaz was one of the centers of the revolutionary movement.

In February 1919, the troops of the Volunteer Army of General A. Denikin occupied Vladikavkaz. Subsequently, the Vladikavkaz underground committee, which coordinated the activities of the Soviet underground and partisan detachments, began to operate in the city. On the night of March 21-22, 1920, the underground started an uprising, during which the post office, telegraph, railway station, and the main industrial enterprises were occupied, and two armored trains were captured. A part of the garrison crossed over to the side of the rebels. By March 24, the Council established control of the city before the arrival of the Red Army ^[18] .

Soviet period

In the first years of Soviet power, Vladikavkaz was at different times the capital of the Terek People’s Republic / 1918-1920 /, Gorsky ASSR / 1920-1924 /. By 1924, only North Ossetia and Ingushetia remained part of the Mountain Republic. In the same year, the Mountain Republic was abolished and the Ingush and North Ossetian Autonomous Oblasts were created, which existed exactly until 1934, when the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic with the administrative center in the city of Grozny was created ... And Vladikavkaz becomes the capital of the Soviet Socialist Republic.

The appearance of the city of Vladikavkaz is formed under the influence of natural conditions, and features of historical development. The Terek River remains the main axis of the city's layout. River embankments are becoming more and more landscaped. Sports grounds, tennis courts, cafes and restaurants, viewing platforms, bike paths, places for hiking create a single complex for the relaxation of citizens, useful leisure activities.

Vladikavkaz is the third largest city in the North Caucasus Federal District .

Population dynamics

As of January 1, 2019, the city was 67th in terms of population out of 1,115 ^[56] cities of the Russian Federation ^[57] .

National composition

According to the 2010 census, the population of the city of Vladikavkaz was 311,693 people ^[58] .

The city of Vladikavkaz is divided into 4 inner-city districts ^{[59] [60] [61]} :

• Zarechny
• Iristonian
• Industrial
• Northwest .

City districts are not municipalities . ^[61]

The city of Vladikavkaz in the framework of the administrative-territorial structure of the RSAA is a city ​​of republican subordination . ^{[59] [60]}

Within the framework of local self-government, the city constitutes a municipal entity, the city ​​of Vladikavkaz (Dzaudzhikau) with the status of an urban district . ^[61]

Local government

The head of the city is elected by the Assembly of Representatives of Vladikavkaz from among its members for a period of 5 years and is the chairman of the Assembly of Representatives.

The meeting of representatives of the city of Vladikavkaz consists of 32 deputies elected for a term of 5 years in municipal elections on a proportional basis on the basis of universal, equal and direct suffrage by secret ballot in accordance with applicable law.

The local government administration of the city of Vladikavkaz is led by the head of the local administration on the basis of unity of command, appointed to the position under a contract concluded by the results of a competition for filling the indicated position.

The head of the local administration is appointed by the Assembly of representatives of the city of Vladikavkaz. The contract with the head of the local administration of Vladikavkaz is concluded by the head of the municipal formation of Vladikavkaz for the term of office of the Meeting of representatives of the city of Vladikavkaz (5 years).

Republican

In Vladikavkaz are all legislative, executive and judicial authorities of the republic.

The government, the administration of the head of the republic , the Parliament and the Constitutional Court are located in the same building - in the Government House on Freedom Square . The Supreme Court is located on the street. Nekrasov, 6 and pl. Liberty, 5, the Arbitration Court - also on Liberty Square, 5.

Federal

In Vladikavkaz there are representative offices of federal authorities in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania.

Industry

The industry is represented by enterprises of food and light industry, mechanical engineering, non-ferrous metallurgy, etc. The basis of the industry is made up of two large metallurgical plants, in large quantities - alcohol-producing enterprises.

• Electrozinc Plant (lead-zinc plant, is in the process of conservation )
• Pobedit Plant ( production of hard alloys, tungsten-molybdenum powder metallurgy )
• Dzaudzhikau HPP
• Vladikavkaz Automobile and Tractor Electrical Equipment Plant
• Plant FSUE "Gran" ( night vision devices )
• Tannery
• Vladikavkaz Car Repair Plant
• Russian Brick Group of Companies ( production of bricks and building materials )
• Zaramagskaya hydroelectric station
• Electrocontactor ( factory of industrial electrical appliances )
• Crystal ( non-ferrous metal plant )
• IrGlass ( glass-container factory )
• Rokos ( wood processing enterprise )
• Amber ( precious stones and metals processing plant )
• GKPD "Bavaria" (production of beer and soft drinks)
• Daryal (beer and soft drinks production)
• Fat Agro (a large agricultural complex)
• Miranda (bioethanol production)
• Ariana-S (alcohol production)
• Emerald (alcohol production)
• "Racurs" (production of alcohol and strong alcoholic drinks)
• “Fun” (production of alcohol and strong alcoholic drinks)
• “Roofing-Master” (factory for the production of roofing materials)
• Baspik (production of microchannel plates for military electronics)
• Mirror factory

Transport

Railways

The railway connected Vladikavkaz with Rostov-on-Don in 1875 (see Vladikavkaz railway ).

The city has the final railway station Vladikavkaz on the line from Beslan .

The city is connected by a railway line with Beslan , where the railway junction is located. Long-distance trains to Moscow , Adler , Anapa , Novorossiysk and St. Petersburg ^[62] . Suburban trains run to Beslan , Mineralnye Vody and Prokhladnaya stations.

Airlines

On the outskirts of Beslan is located the airport "Vladikavkaz" . The airport is international; regular flights are operated to Moscow, St. Petersburg, Rostov-on-Don, Sochi; Armenia, as well as charter in Antalya .

Highways

In Vladikavkaz, the Georgian Military Road begins, linking Russia and Georgia . Traffic on the road was closed from 2006 to 2010, resumed on March 1, 2010 ^[63] .

Public transport

Public transport is represented by trams (from August 1904) and buses . From February 1977 to August 2010 a trolleybus also operated in the city. At the end of 2012, the dismantling of the contact network began. Today, the trolleybus movement in Vladikavkaz has been eliminated ^[64] .

The tram of the Franco-Belgian "Anonymous Society of Vladikavkaz Electric Trams and Lighting" was built since 1902. The grand opening took place on July 24 (August 6), 1904. Regular passenger traffic since August 3 (16), 1904. Track 1000 mm. Nationalized in 1918. Aligned to a 1524 mm gauge in 1933-1937. The maximum number of routes is 10 (1970s). There are currently 8 routes. The operational length of the lines is 27.8 km / 59 km o.p. The rolling stock mainly consists of used Tatra wagons from Germany.

The Vladikavkaz trolleybus has been built since 1969. Regular passenger traffic since February 15, 1977. The maximum number of routes is 6 (1990s). Since 2003, only one route No. 2 has practically operated. The operational length of the lines is 32.2 km / 64 km op. The rolling stock consisted of ZIU-682 , VMZ-100 , BKM-321 trolleybuses. Since August 9, 2010 the movement of trolleybuses has been stopped due to the lack of rolling stock and the deterioration of the contact network. In 2014, the Trolleybus Depot was closed. Rolling stock decommissioned.

Higher

The following universities are located in Vladikavkaz:

• North Ossetian State University named after K. L. Khetagurov
• North Caucasian Mining and Metallurgical Institute (State Technological University) (SKGMI (GTU))
• North Ossetian State Medical Academy (SOGMA)
• North Ossetian State Pedagogical Institute
• Mountain State Agrarian University (GGAU)
• Vladikavkaz Fashion Institute
• Vladikavkaz Institute of Management
• Institute of Business and Technology of the Textile Industry
• Institute of Civilization
• Modern Humanitarian University (SSU)

Secondary Schools

• Agrarian College of the Mountain State Agrarian University
• Vladikavkaz Mining and Metallurgical College
• Vladikavkaz College of Electronics
• Vladikavkaz diversified technical school
• Vladikavkaz College of Railway Transport
• Vladikavkaz Trade and Economic College
• Vladikavkaz College of Finance and Economics
• Vladikavkaz Theological College
• Vladikavkaz Pedagogical College № 2
• Vladikavkaz vocational school number 1 printing profile
• Vladikavkaz College of Arts. V. A. Gergiev - founded in 1937
• Vladikavkaz art school
• North Caucasian Construction College
• North Ossetian College of Medicine
• North Ossetian Republican College of Culture.

• Rehabilitation center for disabled and elderly people with disorders of the musculoskeletal system. Opened in February 2013 ^[65]

Russian Orthodox Church

The city has a number of Orthodox churches. Also in Vladikavkaz there is the main diocesan administration of the Vladikavkaz and Alan diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church , to which the Orthodox parishes of the city and republic are subordinate, and the residence of the Archbishop of Vladikavkaz . Many chapels and houses of worship.

• St. George's Cathedral (2003) - the main cathedral of the Vladikavkaz and Alan diocese
• Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Ossetian Church) (1815)
• The Church of the Intercession of the Blessed Virgin Mary (1947) was founded on the initiative of the parents of the current Patriarch of Georgia Ilya II ^[66]
• Elias Church (1890), one of the oldest churches in the city.
• Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary Faculty of Mathematics SOGU (1910s)
• House Church of the Vladikavkaz Theological College (2010)
• Church of St. John the Warrior
• Church of st. Nina (Georgian, at the Georgian school)
• Church of st. Prince Vladimir (end of the 19th century; opening in 2015)
• Temple Chapel of Demetrius Donskoy ^[67]
• Chapel of the Holy Right Prince Alexander Nevsky ^[68]
• Chapel of the locally revered mother Anastasia of Vladikavkaz ^[69]
• Chapel of the Holy Great Martyr Anastasia the Decourer ^[70]
• Chapel of the Holy Archangel Michael of God ^[71]

Armenian Apostolic Church

• Church of St. Gregory the Illuminator (1868), operating

Islam

• Mukhtarov’s Sunni Mosque ^[72] (1906-1908, architect Joseph Ploško ) was turned into the Anti-Religious Museum in the 1940s. Returned to believers in 1994 ^[73] . It was restored outside in 1997, subsequent restoration, also outside: in 2006 and in 2008. The only mosque in the city center.
• The mosque of the village of Kartsa ^[74] .

Judaism

• Vladikavkaz Choral Synagogue

Catholicism

• Roman Catholic Parish of the Ascension

Buddhism

• The Buddhist community consists of Vladikavkaz Koreans, Chinese, Mongols, Kalmyks, also Russians, and Ossetians, etc.

Protestantism

• Seventh Day Adventist Christian Church (92 Nikolaev St. )

The following cemeteries are located on the territory of Vladikavkaz:

• Walk of Fame (Vladikavkaz)
• Necropolis at the Ossetian Church
• Meshchansky (old Orthodox not active around the church)
• Hospital
• Jewish (acting)
• Out of faith
• Caravanserai
• Giselle (acting)
• Novo-Ossetian
• East
• North
• Northwest (active)
• Chaldon

Telephone Network

The telephone code of the city is (+7) 8672. The city has fixed-line telephony operators (PJSC Rostelecom) and mobile communications MTS , Beeline , MegaFon , Sky Link and Yota .

Mail

The city has 30 branches of the Russian Post (Office of the Federal Postal Service of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania) ^[75] .

Internet

• Rostelecom (ADSL, ETTH)
• TWINGO (ETTH, WiMAX)
• Global Alanya (ETTH, Wi-Fi)

Parks

• Central Park of Culture and Rest K. L. Khetagurova ,
• Children's Park Zhukovsky,
• Komsomolsky park,
• Forest Park "Metallurg",
• Fountain Park
• Victory Memorial Park
• Afghan War Memorial Park
• Olympic Park (Vladikavkaz) ,
• Square them. Yu.A. Gagarin,
• Memorial Park in memory of political repression,
• Square around the North Ossetian State Academic Theater. V.V. Tkhapsaeva,
• Ethnic Forest Park "Narts"

Zoo

• Vladikavkaz Zoo (In the menagerie live: Bears, wolves, lions, tigers, leopard, rare Amur tiger, lynx, foxes, hares, raccoons, monkeys, camels, wild boar, horses, Scottish ponies, giraffes, mountain goats, Tibetan yaks, bison , ostriches, hawks, eagles, owls, wild ducks, peacocks, herons, white-headed vultures and other exotic animals and birds).

Museums

• National Museum of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania ( Prospect Mira , 11). The museum structure includes the Head Museum and 11 branches ^[76] . Some branches are located in Vladikavkaz:
  • Museum of Modern History and Culture of North Ossetia,
  • Museum of the History of Vladikavkaz,
  • Memorial Museum-apartment of S. M. Kirov,
  • House-Museum of General I. A. Pliev,
  • Museum of Ossetian Literature K. L. Khetagurova (Museum Lane, 3),
  • Museum-apartment of M. A. Bulgakov,
• North Ossetian State Art Museum. M.S. Tuganova ,
• North Ossetian Theater Museum. V.V. Tkhapsaeva,
• Museum of the History of the Children's Movement of North Ossetia at the Palace of Children and Youth Creativity,
• The house-museum of K. L. Khetagurov (19 Butyrina St.),
• Museum of Ethnology, Department of Nature (Lenin St., 19),
• Postal Museum ( ave. Costa , 134), since 2003 ^[77] .
• Alanya Antiquities Museum,
• Museum of memory of victims and heroes of the Holocaust . A. A. Pechersky (opened in 2017 at the Sholom Jewish community) ^[78]
• Museum of the History of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic (opened in 2018 after major reconstruction in a restored building of the second half of the 19th century) ^[79]

Libraries

• National Scientific Library of the Republic of North Ossetia - Alania ,
• Republican Children's Library D. Kh. Mamsurova ,
• Republican Youth Library named after G.I. Gazdanova,
• Republican Scientific and Medical Library,
• Republican Library for the Blind,
• Vladikavkaz Central City Library,
• Vladikavkaz library of educational information resources,
• Vladikavkaz music (music) library.

Theaters

There are 10 theaters in Vladikavkaz, among them:

• North Ossetian State Academic Theater named after V.V. Tkhapsaev
• Republican State Academic Russian Theater named after Ye. B. Vakhtangov ^[80]
• North Ossetian State Opera and Ballet Theater
• North Ossetian State Philharmonic
• North Ossetian State Digor Theater
• State equestrian theater "Narts"
• State Musical Rite Theater "Arvaydan"
• State Theater for Young Spectators “Sabi”
• Youth Comedy Theater "Amyran"
• Children's Theater "Premiere".

Orchestras

• State Big Symphony Orchestra of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania,
• Symphony Orchestra of the North Ossetian State Opera and Ballet Theater,
• State Orchestra of Folk Instruments under the direction of Nar. art. RF Bulat Gazdanov ;
• State Jazz Orchestra K. S. Suanova under the management of merit . art. RF Nikolay Kaboev,
• State Orchestra of Folklore Instruments conducted by Oleg Khodov;
• State Military Orchestra of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania,
• State Orchestra of Folk Instruments of the Mountain State Agrarian University,
• The State Chamber Choir "Alania" under the direction of Agunda Kokoity.

Dance Ensembles

• State Order of Friendship of Peoples Academic Song and Dance Ensemble Alan .
• State Children's Folk Dance Ensemble "Little Dzhigit"
• Highlander Folk Dance Ensemble
• Folk Dance Ensemble "Children of the Mountains"
• Folk Dance Ensemble "Arfan"

Cinemas

• Terek
• "Friendship",
• "Capital",
• Alania-Cinema,
• Nautilus ( closed )
• Komsomolets ( One of the first Pate cinemas in Russia. Currently in a dilapidated condition. It is a cultural monument )
• “Cinema House” ( not functioning )
• "Giant" ( not functioning )
• Cinema of North Ossetian State University
• Youth

Concert Halls

• The Great Hall of the North Ossetian State Philharmonic
• North Ossetian branch of the Mariinsky Theater
• SOGU Concert Hall
• Palace of Culture "Metallurg"
• Palace of Culture GGAU
• Republican Youth Palace
• Concert Hall of the Vladikavkaz State Youth Center named after K. L. Khetagurova
• Concert Hall of the Republican Palace of Creativity

Architecture

The historical center of the city is represented mainly by mansions of the 19th and early 20th centuries. Art Nouveau , eclecticism ). In Pushkin Square, a part of the fortress wall built in the 18th century has been preserved. The oldest, fully preserved, building in the city is the Church of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary on the Ossetian hill, built in 1823.

Monuments

• Fragments of the fortress wall of Vladikavkaz, 1780s
• The building of the Church of the Nativity of the Virgin , 1823
• The building of the Academic Russian Theater. Vakhtangov , 1863
• Diocesan Administration Building, 1895
• The building of the Imperial Hotel, 1896
• The building of the secondary art school. Tavasieva, 1899
• The building is on the corner of Mira Avenue and Gorky Street, 1902
• The building of the art museum , 1903
• The building of the Sunni Mosque , 1908
• The building of North Ossetian State University , 1937
• Residential building on Chkalov street, 1934, arch. A. I. Btemirov

The most popular sports in Vladikavkaz, as in all of North Ossetia, are football and wrestling . Natives of Vladikavkaz repeatedly became Olympic champions, world and European champions in freestyle wrestling ( Soslan Andiev , David Musulbes and others).

The football club "Alania" (formerly the V. I. Lenin Joint Work Club, "Spartak", "Spartak-Alania"), founded in 1921, played in the first union league for many years in Soviet times, and in 1970 1991 , played in the major league championship of the USSR . The most successful for “Alania” were the 1990s. In 1992, the club won silver medals in the first championship of Russia . In 1995, Alania became the champion of Russia , ahead of Moscow's Lokomotiv and Spartak. In 1996, Vladikavkaz residents and Moscow Spartak scored an equal number of points at the end of the championship, and Muscovites were stronger in an additional match in St. Petersburg . Since 1962, Alania has been performing at the Spartak Stadium . In February 2014, the Alania Supervisory Board decided to remove the club from participation in the Russian Championship and to terminate the club as a legal entity due to accumulated billions of dollars in debt. In the summer of 2014, the club “ Alania-D ” was renamed “Alania”.

In Vladikavkaz there was also Avtodor football club, which played in the first league of the Russian Championship in 1993-1994 (disbanded in 2011) and Vladikavkaz (formerly Iriston), which was liquidated in 2006 (did not play professional level since 2001).

For several seasons, the men's volleyball club Iriston played in the top division of the Russian championship , and mainly plays in the first league of the Russian championship.

Print

• Russian newspaper "South of Russia"
• Inter-regional North Caucasian newspaper " Tersky Vedomosti "
• Republican newspaper "North Ossetia"
• Youth newspaper Slovo
• Newspaper in Ossetian language "Rustzinad"
• Republican newspaper in Ossetian language "Digora" (Digor dialect)
• Children's newspaper "Champ-Ir"
• Municipal print publication - newspaper Vladikavkaz
• Children's newspaper in the Ossetian language "Nogdzau"
• Secular magazine "Fashionable Vladikavkaz"
• Secular magazine Faime
• Religious newspaper "Orthodox Ossetia" ("Chyriston Ir")

Television

Currently, in the territory of Vladikavkaz there is a broadcast in two formats. Analogue and digital .

List of analogue TV channels (channel number):

• Channel One (1)
• Russia 24 / GTRK Alania (3)
• Russia 1 / State Television and Radio Company Alania (5)
• STS / ART (9)
• Home / Vis + (24)
• TNT / IR (27)
• Russia K (30)
• TV Center / Classic TV (34)
• Match TV / TV SOGU (37)
• NTV / ART + (44)

The first multiplex included 10 television channels:

• First channel
• Russia 1
• Match tv
• NTV
• Fifth channel
• Russia-K
• Russia 24
• Carousel
• Public Television of Russia (OTR)
• TV Center

3 radio channels:

• Radio beacon
• Radio News FM
• Radio of Russia

Digital broadcasting of the second multiplex is carried out at a frequency of 50 television channels in the DVB-T2 standard .

The second multiplex included 10 television channels:

• Home
• Star
• World
• Muz TV
• Ren TV
• Spas
• Friday
• STS
• TV3
• TNT

Radio stations.

• 89.6 FM - Radio Lighthouse
• 90.0 FM - Radio of Russia / State Television and Radio Company Alania
• 90.8 FM - [[Caucasus Radio]
• 91.2 FM - Traffic Radio
• 91.6 FM - Radio World
• 102.0 FM - Europe Plus
• 102.8 FM - Radio Star
• 103.5 FM - Autoradio
• 104.5 FM - Radio Alanya
• 104.9 FM - Radio MCC
• 105.3 FM - Love Radio
• 105.9 FM - Retro FM
• 106.3 FM - News FM
• 107.9 FM - Russian Radio
• 87.5 FM - Radio City

• Prospect Mira (former Alexandrovsky Prospect ) - the historical, cultural center of the city; pedestrian zone.
• Train Station.
• Republican State Academic Russian Theater named after E. B. Vakhtangov
• House of M. A. Bulgakov
• Fortress wall
• Fortress of the Tenginsky 77th Infantry Regiment
• Tram network, which became one of the first electrified networks in Russia. The first tram park with a tram bridge on the street. Pashkovsky
• Fountain on the street Kirov
• The building of the tobacco factory B.S. Vakhtangov on the street. Gorky
• The building of "Mutual Credit Society"
• The building of the hotel "Paris"
• The building of the hotel "Grand Hotel"
• Alley of Monuments to the Heroes of the Nart Epic
• The Small North Caucasian Railway named after V.V. Tereshkova is an active children's railway on the southern outskirts of the city.
• Park of Culture and Rest KL Khetagurova , based on the site of the first bicycle track, where over time a park was formed. Before the October Revolution - Alexandrovsky.
• Children's Park named after Zhukovsky ;
• The Palace of Pioneers is now the Palace of Children and Youth Creativity.
• Embankment of the Terek River. At present, the ennoblement of the embankment in the floodplain between the Chapaevsky and the Chinese bridges has been completed , the territory at the equestrian monument to General Issa Pliev has previously been ennobled.
• Fountains Alley at the Terek Cinema.

Monuments

• Memorial of Glory (2005) - dedicated to the participants of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, the Civil War, prominent figures of Ossetia.
• Monument to Kosta Khetagurov (1955, sculptor S. D. Tavasiev ^[81] )
• Monument to Kosta Khetagurov (2010, sculptor Vladimir Soskiev ^[82] )
• Monument to General Issa Pliev (1975, sculptor S. D. Tavasiev ^[83] )
• equestrian monument to General Issa Pliev
• monument to Mikhail Bulgakov (2012, sculptor S. T. Tavasiev ^[84] )
• Monument to Vladimir Lenin (1957) ^[85] (sculptor Z. I. Azgur )
• Friendship Monument ^[86] - a monument to the 200th anniversary of the voluntary entry of Ossetia into Russia
• Monument to Nart Soslan (hero of the Nart epic)
• a monument to the founder of the village of Dzaudzhikau - Dzaug Bugulov and others.
• Monument to Peter Barbashev , who covered the embrasure of the bunker on the approaches to Vladikavkaz during the Great Patriotic War.
• sculptural composition "Backgammon Players" (Ibrahim Khaev)
• monument to the victims of terror (2010, sculptor Mikhail Shemyakin ^[87] ).
• Monument to Arthur Katsyan ^[88] and a memorial plaque ^[89]
• Plaque to Rear Admiral Pantelei Konstantinovich Tsallagov ^[88]
• Monument to the Hero of Russia Zaur Dzhibilov . Opened in February 2013 ^[90]
• Monument to composer Ilya Gabaraev ^[91]
• Monument to Eugene Vakhtangov , opened in June 2013 ^[92]
• Monument to Ivan Gabaraev (Yalguzidze) , opened in June 2015
• The monument to Seca Gadiev , opened in April 2015 (corner of Prospect Mira and Nikitin Street), the author is the famous sculptor Soslanbek Tavasiev ^[93]

Since 2005, the city of Vladikavkaz has been a member of the Eurasian regional branch of the World Organization “United Cities and Local Authorities” ( Eurasian Regional Branch of UCLG ). Created in 2004 with the support of the UN, the World Organization “United Cities and Local Authorities” (UCLG) unites more than 1000 cities and associations of the world from 136 countries. The Eurasian regional branch includes 109 cities and associations of local authorities of the CIS countries and Mongolia. ^{[ significance of fact? ]}

The local government of Vladikavkaz has documents confirming "fraternal" relations in relation to the cities of Vladivostok, Severodvinsk, Vratsa and Yalta. Documents for other cities “were not preserved in the AMC” ^[102] .

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  One of the symbols of the city is “Fatima” at the entrance from the airport

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  Monument to Nart Soslan

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  Monument to the founder of the settlement Dzaudzhikau (present Vladikavkaz)

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  Monument to S. M. Kirov on Kirov Street in Vladikavkaz

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  View of Table Mountain ( Osset. Madykhoh ) from the bridge over the Terek

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  Entrance to TsPKiO them. K.L. Khetugarova

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  The building of the Olga Gymnasium. Nowadays - Vladikavkaz Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences

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  Hotel building "Europe"

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  Building "Mutual Credit Society"

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  Grand Hotel "Alexandrovsky"

• Official website of the city
• City Dzaudzhikau - Vladikavkaz :: Osetini.com
• City administration website (unopened) (inaccessible link) . Archived January 26, 2009.
• Vladikavkaz news on the website of SKFO.RU ( unopened ) (inaccessible link) . Archived July 18, 2012.
• Old Vladikavkaz. Historical and ethnological research
• Republic of North Ossetia on the website of the Academy of Free Travel
• Vladikavkaz in the memoirs of L. N. Shuvaeva .