Latakia [1] ( Arabic. اللاذقية , El Ladikia [2] ; Greek Λαοδικεία , tour. Lazkiye , lat. Laodicea ad Mare ) - the main port of Syria in the Mediterranean Sea . The administrative center of Latakia governorate. The population is 554,000. The governor of Latakia province is Ibrahim Khuder Al-Salem (October 2015).
| City | |||
| Latakia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Arab. اللاذقية | |||
 | |||
| |||
| A country |  Syria | ||
| Governorate | Latakia | ||
| Governor | Ahmad Sheikh Abdulkader | ||
| History and Geography | |||
| Square | |||
| Center height | |||
| Population | |||
| Population | 371.2 thousand (2010) people | ||
| Digital identifiers | |||
| Telephone code | +963 41 | ||
| web.archive.org/web/20080419064158/http://www.elatakia.sy/ (ar.) | |||
Content
History
Known since the time of the Phoenicians (called Ramita ). Later, in its place there was the Greek city of Levka Act ( dr. Greek Λευκή Ακτή "White Coast") [3] . Seleucus I Nikator founded the city anew and named it Laodicea ( Λαοδίκεια ), in honor of his mother. The city was destroyed by earthquakes in 494 and 555.
Captured by the Arabs in 638.
In 1097, captured by the Crusaders .
In 1188, recaptured by Saladin .
From the XVI century until the First World War - a city within the Ottoman Empire . During the Ottoman rule, the city was inhabited mainly by the Alawites , nevertheless, among the inhabitants there were a sufficient number of Sunnis and Christians .
After the overthrow of King Faisal, power passed to the French , who granted the city autonomy . From 1930 to 1936 - the capital of Sanjak Latakia - nominally autonomous state, ruled by France under the mandate of the League of Nations .
Since 1936, part of Syria.
In August 2011, military clashes took place in the city between government forces and the Syrian opposition.
Culture
From the ancient period, the tetrapilon and the remains of the colonnade were preserved in the city, among the monuments of a later time - several Christian churches of the 5th – 6th centuries and mosques of the 14th – 18th centuries.
The ruins of the ancient city of Ugarit , where the oldest alphabetical letters were found, are located 16 km to the north. There is a small museum in the city itself (it works in the morning, the day off is Tuesday).
Tourism and recreation
In the Latakia region, there are a number of sea beaches , including the sea resort of Shatt al-Azraq - the Cote d'Azur. The swimming season on shallow, well-warmed waters and sandy beaches lasts from May to November.
Population
Latakia is home to the largest number of Alawites in all of Syria. Famous natives of Latakia - Hafez al-Assad , Bashar al-Assad , Hannah Mina , Izz al-Din al-Kassam .
Latakia is also the capital of the same governorate.
Until 1991, the base of the Mediterranean squadron of the Navy of the USSR was located here [4] .
Since 2015, the Russian Air Force base has been located at the Khmeimim airfield.
Climate
| Climate of Latakia | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicator | Jan | Feb | March | Apr | May | June | July | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Average maximum, ° C | 15.6 | 16.3 | 18,4 | 21.5 | 24.2 | 26.8 | 28.9 | 29.7 | 29.0 | 26.8 | 22.1 | 17.3 | 23.0 |
| Average temperature, ° C | 12.0 | 12.7 | 14.7 | 17.8 | 20.7 | 23.9 | 26.5 | 27.1 | 25.6 | 22.6 | 17.9 | 13.7 | 19.6 |
| Average minimum ° C | 8.4 | 9.0 | 10.9 | 14.0 | 17.1 | 20.9 | 24.0 | 24.5 | 22.1 | 18,4 | 13.7 | 10.0 | 16,0 |
| Precipitation rate, mm | 162 | 99 | 90 | 44 | 21 | four | 0 | four | 7 | 67 | 95 | 160 | 753 |
| Source: World Weather , Hong Kong Observatory | |||||||||||||
Transport
Latakia Airport is located 25 km from the city.
Intracity public transport includes only buses and taxis.
Twin Cities
- Yalta
See also
- Siege of Latakia
- Logistics point of the Russian Navy in Syria
Notes
- ↑ Latakia // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / resp. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986.- S. 192.
- ↑ Instructions for the transfer on maps of the geographical names of Arab countries. - M .: Nauka, 1966 .-- S. 24.
- ↑ Latakia (Syria ) . - article from Encyclopædia Britannica Online . Date of treatment November 26, 2018.
- ↑ Russian base in Syria // Kommersant
Literature
- Gusterin P.V. Cities of the Arab East. - M .: East-West, 2007. - 352 p. - (Encyclopedic reference book). - 2000 copies. - ISBN 978-5-478-00729-4
Links
- Photo of Latakia from the Ministry of Tourism of Syria