George William Hill ( born George William Hill ; March 3, 1838 - April 16, 1914 ) is an American astronomer and mathematician . Known for his work in the field of celestial mechanics and, in particular, in the theory of motion of the moon , Jupiter and Saturn .
| George William Hill | |
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| George William Hill | |
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| Date of Birth | |
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| Place of death | New York |
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| Scientific field | Astronomy |
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| Academic rank | Professor |
| Awards and prizes |  Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1887) Catherine Bruce Medal (1909), Copley Medal (1909) |
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Content
Biography
George Hill was born in the city of New York , New York, USA , the son of the artist and engraver John William Hill and Catherine Smith Hill. His family moved to , New York when Hill was 8 years old. He graduated from high school, and in 1859 - Rutgers University . Since 1861, he worked at the Nautical Almanac Office in Cambridge , Massachusetts . He focused his work on a mathematical description of the three-body problem , and later the many-body problem, in order to calculate the orbits of the moon and planets .
In particular, Hill defines the so-called Hill sphere , which describes the sphere of gravitational influence of an astronomical body orbiting around a heavier celestial body.
He became president of the American Mathematical Society in 1894, and has been for 2 years. He was elected a member of the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1908, the Academy of Belgium in 1909, the Academy of Oslo in 1910, the Academy of Sweden in 1913. Simon Newcom in 1903 called Hill "the greatest living master in the highest and most complex branch of astronomy, who won his country worldwide fame in science, receiving a civil servant reward." [five]
He died on April 16, 1914 in .
Rewards
- Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society (1887)
- Damoiseau Prize of the Institute of France (1898)
- Copley Medal (1909)
- Katherine Bruce Medal (1909)
In honor of him are named:
- on the Moon
- Asteroid 1642 hill
- Hill Center for Mathematical Sciences at Rutgers University
See also
- Hill Determinant
- Hill equation
- Hill Sphere
Proceedings
- The collected mathematical works of George William Hill vol. 1 (Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1905-1907)
- The collected mathematical works of George William Hill vol. 2 (Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1905-1907)
- The collected mathematical works of George William Hill vol. 3 (Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1905-1907)
- The collected mathematical works of George William Hill vol. 4 (Carnegie Institution of Washington, 1905-1907)
- George William Hill books and articles . Internet Archive. Date of treatment February 23, 2013. Archived March 13, 2013.
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 Archive for the history of mathematics MacTyutor
- ↑ 1 2 Committee of Historical and Scientific Works - 1834.
- ↑ 1 2 SNAC - 2010.
- ↑ Hill George William // Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ed. A. M. Prokhorov - 3rd ed. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia , 1969.
- ↑ Bronstein, 1990 , p. 131 ..
Literature
- Bronstein V. A. How does the moon move? - M .: Science. Ch. ed. Phys.-Math. lit., 1990 .-- S. 127-130. - 208 p. - 117,000 copies. - ISBN 5-02-014071-6 .
- Kolchinsky I.G., Korsun A.A., Rodriguez M.G. Astronomers: A Biographical Reference. - 2nd ed., Revised. and additional .. - Kiev: Naukova Dumka, 1986. - 512 p.
Links
- George William Hill . The Bruce Medalists. Date of treatment February 21, 2013. Archived on November 8, 2012.