Kubenskoye (Vologda Oblast)

Kubenskoye is one of the oldest villages in the Vologda Oblast. According to the historian V. N. Tatishchev, it appeared a little earlier than Vologda and appeared under the name Kubensky town ^[2] . Modern historians believe that it was founded around the 9th-10th centuries ^[3] . However, the exact date of foundation of the settlement is still not established. Perhaps Finno-Ugric settlements existed at the site of the village: archaeologists were able to open a number of sites in the village that date back to the 1st century BC. e. ^[4] .
More or less specific information about the village appeared from the XIV century , when these lands from Novgorod possessions passed to the Yaroslavl princes. At the beginning of the 15th century, lands south of Lake Kubensky came into the possession of the representative of the Yaroslavl branch Semyon Dmitrievich. This prince renamed the small village into the village of Kubenskoye, making it the capital of his independent Kubensky principality . However, in 1447, Moscow Prince Vasily II of the Dark deprived Semyon Dmitrievich of inheritance.

Joining the Moscow principality , Kubenskoye immediately acquired a rather advantageous geographical position, since it was on the way from Vologda to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery . Great princes have been here repeatedly - Vasily the Dark , Ivan III , Vasily III . Tsar Ivan the Terrible , traveling many times from Vologda to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery , stopped not far (in one verst) from Kubensky, where, according to legend, there was his house and with him the church, which was called "what the emperor has in the entrance" (Voskresenskaya Podkubenskaya). In the Time of Troubles and not long after the accession of the Romanov dynasty , the Kubenskoye was repeatedly ( 1612 , 1614 , 1615 ) invaded by Lithuanians, Poles, and Cossacks from the Zaporizhzhya Sich . At the same time, the village was granted by Tsar Mikhail Fyodorovich to the boyar Mikhail Mikhailovich Saltykov. The Saltykovs Kubenskoye belonged until 1785 (later it passed to the Counts Orlovs ).
In 1692, Kubenskoe almost became the foundation site of the Russian fleet: Tsar Peter I the Great decided to build ships on the shores of Lake Kubenskoye , but, having examined the lake, did not find it suitable for these purposes, according to legend, saying: “A good puddle will be small.” With the fall of the former power of the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery and the development of the shorter Baltic shipping routes, Kubenskoe completely lost the importance of an important transit center.
Nevertheless, on the way to the Kirillo-Belozersky Monastery, the village was still an important stopping point: there was a station, and a shift was made for zemstvo postal horses. In addition, there was a volost government, a bailiff, a post office with a savings bank, a feldsher point, two Zemstvo schools (male and female), as well as various trading establishments in Kubensky. The main occupations of local residents were fisheries. The village itself was the center of the Kubensky volost of the Vologda district as part of the Vologda province .
In 1929, the village of Kubenskoye became the center of the Kubeno-Ozersky district , at the beginning as part of the Vologda district , and since 1937 - the Vologda region . The basis of the rural economy, in addition to fisheries, was dairy farming, flax growing and lace-making ^[5] .

December 13, 1962 Kubeno-Ozersky district was liquidated and incorporated into the Vologda region ^[6] . Kubenskoye itself became the administrative center of the Kubensky Village Council, and from November 16, 2004 - the Kubensky rural settlement ^[7] .

According to the census in 1959, there were 1768 inhabitants in Kubensky ^[8] .

According to the 2002 census, the population is 2240 people (1013 men, 1227 women). The predominant nationality is Russians (99%) ^[9] .

The village has a kindergarten, a school (MBOU VMR "Kubensky Secondary School named after A. F. Klubov"), Vocational School No. 42, a rural hospital, a strong point of the Department of Internal Affairs (refers to the Vologda region ), the House of Culture and the regional museum of local lore. 0.5 km from the village is a rural cemetery.

Of the sports facilities there is a football stadium, volleyball and basketball court. Football and volleyball competitions are held annually in the summer.

The services of mobile operators MegaFon , MTS , Beeline , TELE2 are available . Almost all federal television channels are present ( Channel One , Russia-1 , Culture , TNT , 7TV , Muz-TV , NTV , Ren-TV , TVC ) and the Vologda city channel “ TV7 ”.
Of the enterprises in the village, there is a fish factory and a bakery.

Every year, in late July and early August, the Kuben Torzhok fair is organized, which, in addition to trade in traditional folk products and products, hosts festivals and sporting events ^[10] .

The village is located 30 km from the regional center - Vologda . Directly to Kubensky every 2-3 hours a bus runs Vologda- Kubensky and the corresponding minibus .

The highway A119 runs 1 km from the village. Here, near the village of Kashkalino , all buses and fixed-route taxis that follow this route stop. The bus Vologda - Northern Farm also passes through Kashkalino , which provides communication between various settlements of the Kubensky rural settlement .

Kubenskoye Lake is located 1 km from the village, through which communication with other coastal settlements of the Vologda Oblast can be carried out.

• Church of the Holy Trinity ^[11]

Temple Buildings

• Trinity Cathedral . Founded presumably in 1282 . In 1931 it was closed. Later in his building were a pioneer club, a sewing workshop, they wanted to make a mill, then a bathhouse. In the 1970s, the building was restored and a knitting workshop, a hairdressing salon, and a TV repair center were located here. Now it is an active church, it is being restored: a dome has been made and a bell tower has been erected.
• Dmitrievskaya warm church . Built in 1812 . Nearby was a bell tower, and in the tower of the fence there was a chapel in which a wooden carved statue of Christ was located. In Soviet times it was closed. Now in this building is located the House of Culture.
• Elias Kubenskaya Church ^[12] .
   

  The rebuilt building of the Ilyinsky Kubensky church
  Known since the 15th century , when Prince Semyon Dmitrievich made Kubenskoye his residence and founded this temple as a cathedral. After joining the Principality of Moscow, the cathedral was reduced to the position of a parish church. In this temple was the icon of the Mother of God " Burning Cupid ". She was brought to the village from Vologda on the occasion of the pestilential ulcer that was at that time in the Kubensky. At the beginning of the 19th century , the priest in this church was Stepan Zhiryaev, the father of the criminologist A.S. Zhiryaev . In Soviet times, the church was closed. Now there is a library.
• Assumption Church . The youngest of the churches in the village, founded in 1901 at the expense of the merchant, A. A. Burakova. The temple was built according to the project of the Vologda provincial architect Aleksei Vasilyevich Scriabin. After the establishment of Soviet power, the church was closed. Later, an electric motor was installed in it, then a garage was equipped. In 1994, the church was again consecrated by the Vologda bishop Maximilian.
• Resurrection Podkubensky Church ^[13] . The wooden temple was built in 1584, the stone - in 1762. In the old days it was called, "that of the sovereign in the canopy." A valuable artistic monument in the church is the icon “ Our Lady of Podkubenskaya ”, attributed to the brush of the famous artist and icon painter Rev. Dionisy Glushitsky . This church has not been preserved.
• Assumption Pesochnensky (Pesoshnensky) monastery ^[14] . The monastery, known since 1580 , has not been preserved. According to legend, an icon of the Assumption of the Mother of God appeared miraculously on a stone here. Touching this stone, according to the locals, cured toothache. The monastery’s temple had a rich iconostasis, stucco decorations, and next to it was a garden and a birch alley.

Ancient houses

• House of the merchant D.I. Borisov . In Soviet times, it was a general store . Now the house has become private.
• House of Merchants Voevodins . Before the October Revolution , it housed the zemstvo government . Now there is a pharmacy in the building.
• The house of the merchant A. A. Burakova . The owner of these houses - Alexandra Ivanovna Burakova - was known for active charity and assistance to poor villagers. The Assumption Church was erected at her expense.
• House of N. A. Bogoslovsky . Nikolai Alexandrovich Bogoslovsky served as a priest in Kubensky in 1892 - 1927 and took a large part in the public life of the village. With his assistance, a two-year school was opened, a tea room and a library worked. In 1938, N. A. Bogoslovsky was arrested and executed. For a long time there was a kindergarten in his house, then a museum, now the building belongs to the church, at one time there was a Sunday school.

Monuments

• Monument to Mother Motherland . Opened in 1976 in memory of victims during the Great Patriotic War. The bronze figure personifies the image of the Motherland, mourning for her sons who died on the battlefield.
• Monument to A.F. Klubov . Installed on November 5, 1949 in a park near the House of Culture.

Regional Museum of Local Lore

Opened February 18, 1971 . The museum has several rooms:

• Hall of folk crafts . Here are carpentry, weaving, embroidery, lace, pottery, peasant utensils from birch bark, pine roots.
• Hall of Military Glory . Here are presented:
  • materials about the life and work of aircraft designer S. A. Ilyushin
  • exposition about A. F. Klubov
  • stands and materials dedicated to the Cubans who participated in the Great Patriotic War.
• exposition dedicated to the composer V. A. Gavrilin , who until 1950 lived in the village of Perkhuryevo of the Kubensky village council.

• Zhiryaev, Alexander Stepanovich ( 1814 - 1856 ) - criminologist

• In the old days, Kubenskoye was considered an unsafe place to stop on the way to the Kirillo-Belozersky monastery . This was evidenced by some local ancient sayings: "Lord, carry Kubenskoye, Nikulinskoye, and the third Novlenskoye", "Do not dine in Kubensky, do not sleep in Novlensky." And the villagers were called “thugs.” Obviously, this was due to the fact that the village was replete with taverns and taverns, where passers-by made a stop. In addition, the Kuban considered themselves masters of Lake Kubensky, often robbing and oppressing visiting fishermen. ^[15] .

• In Kubensky there are two empty pedestals. The history of one of them leads to 1912 , when a bronze bust was opened to Alexander II , framed by small columns with chains. However, after the establishment of Soviet power in 1918, the monument was dismantled and sent for re-melting. Later, a large grandstand was set up next to this pedestal for rallies. In the mid-1920s, a plaster monument to V.I. Lenin was erected on a pedestal. However, after standing almost 70 years on the night of July 22-23, 1993, the monument was damaged by unknown persons. In the morning, housing and communal services workers took him out. The pedestal again became free. Currently, the pedestal has again become a monument. In 2011, a monument of the first stone was erected, as the foundation of the village. Opposite the square near the House of Culture there is another empty pedestal: there was a bronze monument to I.V. Stalin .

1. The village of Kubenskoye // Dementiev V. Light of the small homeland. Fatherland and Grandfather. M., 2008
2. Kubenskoye // Chaykina Yu. I. Geographical names of the Vologda Oblast: Toponymic Dictionary. - Arkhangelsk: Northwest Book Publishing House, 1988.
3. Nepin A.S. In the village of Kubensky. Traveling impressions // Journal “Historical Chronicle.” - 1916. - No. 2. - P. 181-187:
4. Pakholkov H. City of Vologda and the Neighborhood. Vologda, 1896.
5. List of populated areas of the Vologda province, Vologda, 1881.
6. L. S. Panov. Kubenskoye // Vologda Encyclopedia / Ch. ed. G.V. Sudakov . - Vologda: Russia, 2006 .-- S. 274 . - ISBN 5-87822-305-8 .
7. Kubenskoe (inaccessible link) in the register of settlements of the Vologda Oblast