- Not to be confused with Lignin .
Lignans are a group of phenolic compounds of plant origin. In accordance with the nomenclature of organic compounds, IUPAC are divided into five classes. The most studied are lignans and neolignans. First identified in 1927 by Robertson. In 1936, Heyvus introduced the concept of "lignans" in the chemistry of natural compounds. Of greatest practical interest are lignans that have antitumor activity (podophyllotoxin, arctiin), matirezinol , 7-hydroxymatairezinol [1] , secoisolariciresinol diglucoside , secoisolariciresinol , CNS stimulating compounds (magnolia vine lignans (lignans), ligninoporophorum. Some lignans have estrogenic activity. Lignans are also antioxidants .
Content
Biosynthesis
Lignans are polyphenols formed from tyrosine by dimerization of substituted cinnamyl alcohol (the so-called monolignols ) to a dibenzylbutane derivative. The reaction is catalyzed by oxidative enzymes and regulated by special proteins.
Food Sources
The fruits of Schisandra chinensis Schisandra chinensis (up to 2%) and burdock, flaxseed and sesame seeds are the richest in lignans. The main precursor of lignans in flaxseed is diglucoside secoisolariciresinol . Other lignan-rich food sources include cereals ( rye , wheat , oats, and barley ), pumpkin seeds, soybeans , broccoli , beans, and some berries.
The first lignans found in food were secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol . The main lignans in human nutrition are pinoresinol and larisiresinol , which together make up about 75% of the total lignans consumption. The remaining 25% includes secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol . [2] Other important lignans in food are syringaresinol and hydroxymate airesenol. However, their distribution in products has not been studied.
The quantitative content of lignans: [3]
| A source | 100 g content |
|---|---|
| Flax-seed | 300,000 mcg (0.3 g) |
| Sesame seed | 29,000 mcg (29 mg) |
| Cabbage | 185 - 2321 mcg |
| Cereal | 7 - 764 mcg |
| Red wine | 91 mcg |
Notes
- ↑ Gromova O.A., Rubashkina A.N., Filimonova M.V., Torshin I.Yu., Tetruashvili N.K., Lapochkina M.P. Adjuvant therapy of 7-GMR as a method of increasing the oncological safety of estrogen administration. Effective Pharmacotherapy, Obstetrics and Gynecology, 2018, No. 1, p. 20-25. [one]
- ↑ Linus Pauling Institute at Oregon State University
- ↑ Milder IE, Arts IC, van de Putte B., Venema DP, Hollman PC Lignan contents of Dutch plant foods: a database including lariciresinol, pinoresinol, secoisolariciresinol and matairesinol (English) // Br. J. Nutr. : journal. - 2005. - Vol. 93 , no. 3 . - P. 393-402 . - DOI : 10.1079 / BJN20051371 . - PMID 15877880 .
Links
- Nomenclature of lignans and neolignans (IUPAC Recommendation 2000)
- Lignans, general characteristic
- Flax Lignans and the Immune System