Sytnik ( Latin: Júncus ) is a large genus of flowering plants of the Cytinaceous family ( Juncaceae ). Type genus of the family.
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 Shinnytsky acute ( Juncus acutus ) - a typical species of the genus Sitnik. General view of a flowering plant | |||||||||||||||||||
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Juncus L. (1753) | |||||||||||||||||||
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Juncus acutus L. (1753) - Chytnik sharp | |||||||||||||||||||
The Latin name is found in Virgil and other ancient Roman authors. Comes from lat. jungere - to bind, join or weave, as it was used to weave mats, baskets and other products. [3]
Content
Distribution and habitat
The area is predominantly the Northern Hemisphere , plants are found in moist places from the tundra to the tropics [4] .
Botanical Description
Representatives of the genus are perennial , rhizome , less often annual herbaceous plants.
Leaves - with open open vaginas , without ears or with ears. Leaf blades are flat - grassy or cylindrical - stem-shaped or tubular, transversely cloisonne.
The flowers are bisexual, brownish or greenish , collected in various inflorescences - from simple capitate to complexaceous, located on branches. The inflorescences are located one at a time and are provided with two bracts at the base, or are several in a cluster in heads and surrounded by a ring of bracts. The tepals are thin-leathery, less often membranous, along the edge of the filmy-fringed. Ovary is single-celled or three-celled. The column is cylindrical, sometimes very short, barely noticeable. Three stigmas , covered with long papillae, protruding from the perianth.
The fruit is a three-nest box . Seeds are numerous, oblong or oval, often with long, tail-like, membranous appendages.
Reproduction - by seeds or rhizomes [5] [6] .
Meaning and Application
Many species are grown as ornamental plants in humid places.
Stalks of a chintel are used when weaving products. The gingerbread box (igusa), with its wear-resistant straw, is widely used in Japan for weaving the outer shell of tatami floor mats.
Some representatives of the genus make up a significant part of hay or grass on pastures, but the food value of these species is almost not studied. They are poorly eaten on pastures, rarely satisfactorily or well. In the hay they eat well.
Classification
According to the Kew Royal Botanic Gardens website, the genus has 344 species [7] . The following species grow on the territory of Russia and neighboring countries [3] :
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Gallery
Juncus acutus
Juncus breweri
Juncus ensifolius
Juncus xiphioides
Notes
- ↑ For the conventionality of indicating the class of monocotyledons as a superior taxon for the plant group described in this article, see the APG Systems section of the Monocotyledonous article .
- ↑ According to the GRIN website (see plant card).
- ↑ 1 2 According to the book “Flora of the USSR” (see section Literature ).
- ↑ Sitnik on the site of the Encyclopedia of Ornamental Garden Plants (Retrieved February 22, 2011)
- ↑ "Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary", Art. "Sitnik". M .: Sov. Encyclopedia, 1986.
- ↑ Data from TSB
- ↑ Species of Juncus (English) (lat.) (Retrieved February 22, 2011)
- ↑ NCU-3e. Names in current use for extant plant genera. Electronic version 1.0. Entry for Juncus L. (English) (Retrieved February 22, 2011)
Literature
- Krechetovich V.I., Goncharov N.F. Genus 259. Sitnik - Juncus L. // Flora of the USSR : in 30 tons / chap. ed. V.L. Komarov . - L .: Publishing House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR , 1935. - T. 3 / ed. volumes B.K. Shishkin . - S. 504-560. - 636, XXV p. - 5175 copies.
- Gubanov I.A., Kiseleva K.V., Novikov V.S., Tikhomirov V.N. Illustrated identifier of plants in Central Russia . - M .: T-number of scientific publications of KMK, Institute of Technological Research, 2002. - T. 1. Ferns, horsetails, plunae, gymnosperms, angiosperms (monocotyledons). - S. 320—322, 412-427. - ISBN 8-87317-091-6 . Archived February 2, 2014. Archived February 2, 2014 on Wayback Machine
Links
- Sitnik // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Sitnik in the Biological Encyclopedic Dictionary (Retrieved July 12, 2010)