Dridze, Tamara Moiseevna

In 1956 she graduated from the 1st Moscow State Pedagogical Institute of Foreign Languages (MSLU). Specialty in diploma - teacher of English and Spanish . She worked first as a translator at the Izolyator Moscow plant, and then as an engineer for technical information at the Moscow carburetor plant.

She entered the graduate school of the Institute of Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR on December 1, 1966, but from October 1968 she became one of the first graduate students of the Institute of Concrete Social Research of the USSR established this year, which she graduated on December 31, 1969.

In 1970, Dridze T. M. was enrolled in the project "Methodology for the Study of Social Change", which was headed by Yu. A. Levada , and in the general project "Public Opinion", whose empirical site was the city of Taganrog .

December 26, 1969 awarded the degree of candidate of philosophical sciences . Candidate dissertation on the topic “Some semiotic aspects of the psychosociology of language. The influence of the semiotic level of the audience and the informativeness of text materials on the awareness of the population (as part of the study of the press). ”

From 1972 to 1976, Dridze T. M. worked in the Sociological Information sector. During this period, she was elected as a senior research fellow in the competition.

In 1974, T. M. Dridze organized a group of annotating and indexing literature on sociology and related issues, which she led before moving to the Life Forecasting sector.

In 1976, she was transferred to the Life Forecasting sector, which was headed by I.V. Bestuzhev-Lada, Doctor of Historical Sciences .

On December 14, 1984, a decision was made by the Higher Attestation Commission on awarding T. M. Dridze the degree of Doctor of Psychology in the specialty " Social Psychology ". In 1991 he was awarded the title of professor in the specialty "Socio-political processes, organizations and management."

In 1998, T. M. Dridze headed the Center for Social Management, Communication, and Social Project Technologies ^[3] (currently the Center for Sociology of Management and Social Technologies, Institute of Sociology, Russian Academy of Sciences ).

T. M. Dridze is the author of 258 works, including online publications, the creator of the ecoanthropocentric paradigm of sociology and the semiosociopsychological paradigm of social communication, the situational concept of sociocultural dynamics, the methodology of predictive social design and the concept of socially oriented social management, the semiosociopsychological concept of linguodidactics.

In 1976, she developed methods for studying lifestyle - applied an informative and targeted analysis of scientific literature to build a system of social indicators of lifestyle. In 1978, T. M. Dridze joined in the preparation and organization of an all-Union study of lifestyle. She is involved in writing a research program, compiling methodological documents, and editing materials.

An important event in the scientific and official biography of T. M. Dridze was the creation of the Intersectoral Scientific Team (MNC) on the problem of “Forecasting Design in the Social Sphere: Theory, Method, Technology”. The initial goal of creating a new type of research team was to improve the forecasting methodology. The head of the team was appointed T. M. Dridze.

The beginning of the 90s was marked by the active social activity of T. M. Dridze - she participates in the work of representative bodies of Russian and international organizations: the Russian Cultural Foundation , the Union of Architects of the Russian Federation and the International Union of Architects and Urban Designers, the Executive Committee of the Society of Urbanists and the Research Committees “Communication, Knowledge and culture ”and“ Housing and the environment ”of the International Sociological Association.

T. Dridze taught at RUDN University , taught the course “Social Communication and Culture: Introduction to Semiosociopsychology” for students of the “ Sociology ” direction, and supervised the preparation of master's and master's theses .

Tamara Moiseevna is the founder of several paradigms and concepts: predictive social design, linguosocial psychology, informative target analysis, etc.

Predictive Social Design

Methods of predictive social design, developed in 1985-1995, were successfully applied by Tamara Moiseevna to the analysis of the social foundations of the urban structure. On this basis, measures were proposed to improve urban governance, a differential approach was developed to study the influence of the local environment on the way and quality of life of urban communities. Comprehensive social diagnostic technologies, methods of social examination of urban development projects and programs were also created and tested.

Semiosociopsychology

Semiosociopsychology (the original name is linguosociopsychology) is the science of the processes of functioning of texts in society. The main attention here is drawn not to the content side of any holistic, complete communicative acts (in the Dridze style, texts ), but to its motivational-target structure, which allows entering into a wide context of human-environment interactions. Semiosociopsychology is based not only on the knowledge of language accumulated by science, but also on knowledge of a person as an active subject of activity, who not only knows, but also creates the world around him, entering into communicative interactions. This activity not only accompanies all other types of people’s activities, linking them into a single whole, but also is independently motivated and purposeful objective activity, significantly affecting people's lifestyles and sociocultural processes.

Intentional (motivation-targeted) analysis

In the framework of semiosocial psychology, the text is considered as a holistic hierarchical content-semantic structure, united by the intention of the author). The main objective of the method (in a number of works by T. M. Dridze it is also called informative-targeted ) is to evaluate a specific text from the point of view of its primary and secondary information content. Primary informativeness is characterized not by the absolute amount of information in the text, but only by its part, which becomes the property of the perceiving person. Primary informativeness describes the potential ability of a particular text to convey the intent, the main communicative intention of the author to the consumer.

Intentional (motivational-target) analysis is focused on the property of their secondary information content. This property allows multifunctional interpretation of the text content. Turning to the text, the user does not always extract the information that reflects the communicative intention of the author; as a result, the so-called "Semantic scissors."

On the basis of a semiosociopsychological approach to the analysis of texts that, to one degree or another, contain information about the sphere of lifestyle chosen for study, we can, on the one hand, get a holistic view of the content and structure of normative consciousness (lists of existing general and specific legal, moral and ethical , aesthetic and other norms and generally accepted values) as one of the conditions for the activity of social actors. On the other hand, information can be obtained about common and recommended models of activity and interaction: lists of functions and features inherent in different social entities, general and private goals of the activity as a whole and by private actions, as well as the actions themselves, operations. Informative and targeted analysis of the text is aimed at identifying the main characteristics of the text:

• accuracy - the ability to express the communicative intentions of the author;
• informativeness - the ability to serve as a source of information for the recipient.

As part of such an analysis of documents, the chain is analyzed: communicator - message - recipient. The object of study is a message that concentrates in itself what the communicator wanted to convey and what the recipient received.

The implementation of information-target analysis ^[4] :

I. External analysis of the text - author, time of writing / publication, geographical affiliation, source of information.

II. Analysis of the macrostructure of the text - a hierarchy of semantic blocks (predications) is built. First-order predication is a semantic block containing communicative intentions of the author. Prediction 2 orders - contains argumentation. Prediction of the 3rd order - associated with illustrations, reinforcing communicative intent. Prediction of the 4th order - minor elements (description of the background, atmosphere, etc.). The main problem is the identification of communicative intentions of the author. Example:

1. Prediction of the 1st order: "Vote for candidate X"
2. Prediction of the 2nd order: "An uncompromising fight against thieves in his native factory speaks of his honesty."
3. Prediction of the 3rd order: "Candidate X came from a simple family, so he knows the interests of the common people well, and is also honest, brave and not seen in defamatory relationships."
4. Prediction of the 4th order: "In our difficult time of ongoing crises, Russia needs a president who will lead the country out of the impasse."

III. Determination of the microstructure of the text - sets of in-text links forming logical and factual chains of semantic words. It consists of reference semantic nodes (syntaxes), reveals the logic of deployment of the semantic plan of the text (syntaxes consist of the main and service words).

Requirements:

• Each previous syntax should be logically connected with the next.
• Each service word should constitute a full-fledged semantic node with a semantic word.
• Each new syntax is written with a capital letter, with a new line, encoded with a serial number.

The ideas of T. M. Dridze are developed by her students -

• T. Z. Adamyants , E. M. Akimkin (Research Committee “ Sociology of Urban and Regional Development ”, Russian Society of Sociologists ),
• L. N. Tsoi ( Moscow School of Conflictology ),
• V.A. Shilova et al.

Events dedicated to the memory of T. M. Dridze are annually held - “Dridzev Readings”

For example, on November 26, 2010, the Central House of Scientists of the Russian Academy of Sciences held a round table dedicated to the memory of T. M. Dridze ^{[5] [6]} , and the 10th anniversary of the Dridze Readings dedicated to the 80th birthday of T. M. Dridze ^{[7 ]} ).

In total, 258 works by T. M. Dridze were published, including online publications. The main works ^[2] :

Monographs

• Dridze T. M. Organization and methods of linguo-psychosocial research of mass communication. M .: Publishing house of Moscow State University, 1979. (Textbook - workshop on the special course "Introduction to Linguosociopsychology")
• Dridze T. M. Language and social psychology. M .: Higher. School, 1980.
• Dridze T. M. Textual activity in the structure of social communication. Problems of semiosocial psychology. - M.: Publishing House "Science"; USSR Academy of Sciences, Institute for Sociological Research, 1984.
• Dridze T. M., Orlova E. A. Situational analysis of lifestyle in predicting and designing sociocultural processes: Ecology of a small city; Ecopolis program. Publisher: Fiction, 1986.
• Dridze T. M. Forecasting social design: theoretical, methodological and methodological problems / Otv. ed. D. Psychol. n., prof. T. M. Dridze; 2nd ed., Rev. and add. "(1994);
• Dridze T. M., Orlova E. A. Fundamentals of sociocultural design. M., 1995. S. 3-22, 142.
• Dridze T. M. Socio-diagnostic study of the city // Bulletin of the Russian Humanitarian Scientific Foundation. - 1996. - No. 1. - S. 95-103;
• Urban planning: from social diagnostics to a constructive dialogue of stakeholders: In 2 book. / RAS. Institute of Sociology. Social Center ex., communications and social-design technologies; Repl. ed. T. M. Dridze - Moscow: Publishing House of the Institute of Psychology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1998.
• Social management and social communication at the turn of the XXI: towards overcoming the paradigm crisis in sociology // In the context of conflict management: problems of communication and managerial consulting / Otv. ed. T. M. Dridze and L. N. Tsoi; 1999. - No. 2. - S. 8-17;
• "Urban planning: a methodology for the study of urban conflict" // In the context of conflict management: diagnostics and methodology of conflict management . - 2001. - No. 3. - P. 5-42 in collaboration with L.N. Tsoy and E.M. Akimkin.

Articles

• Dridze T. M. Socially significant processes as an object of management (to the ecoanthropocentric paradigm of scientific knowledge of social reality): introduction to the curriculum // Sociology: 4M . 1993-1994. Number 3-4
• Dridze T. M. The interdisciplinary scientific team - a new form of integration of science and practice "// Social Sciences. - 1988. - No. 1. - P. 169-177;
• “Communicative linguodidactics in expanding the foundations of social ties: a semiosociopsychological approach” // World of Psychology. - 1996. - No. 2. - S. 15-24;
• Dridze T. M. "Two new paradigms for social cognition and social practice // Social Communication and Social Management in the Ecoanthropocentric and Semiosociopsychological Paradigms (2000). Book 1. P. 5-42;
• Dridze T. M. Eco-anthropocentric model of social cognition as a way to overcome the paradigm crisis in sociology p. 20-28 // Sociological studies. 2000. No. 2.
• Dridze T. M. Will sociology become a “science of social sciences”? // Sociological studies . 2001. No. 3.

1. Design
2. Dridze Readings
3. Semiosociopsychology

• Profile Dridze T. M. on the official site of the IP RAS (inaccessible link)
• Scientific works of T. Dridze (inaccessible link)
• Dridze Readings
• Center for Sociology of Management and Social Technologies, IP RAS (inaccessible link)
• Research Committee " Sociology of Urban and Regional Development ", Russian Society of Sociologists
• Profile T. Dridze on the site of the federal educational portal "ESM"
• Profile Dridze T. M. on the portal "National Encyclopedic Service"
• A complete bibliography of works by T. M. Dridze was prepared by her colleagues and published by decision of the Scientific Council of the Institute of Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences with financial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in 2005. Proceedings of Tamara Moiseevna Dridze: abstract bibliography / Otv. ed. E. M. Akimkin. - M.: Institute of Sociology RAS, 2005. - 176 p.