Lowercase letter

Capital letter - A letter that is smaller than capital letters . Lower case letters are used by default for writing texts in all cases, except for those where the rule requires the use of capital (capital) letters. For example, the letter “a” is lowercase, and “A” is uppercase ^[1] ^[2] .

Lowercase letters are used in European alphabets: Greek , Latin , Cyrillic and Armenian ^[2] .

Initially, they used exclusively capital letters when writing, with clearly defined upper and lower borders. Subsequently, with the development of writing, ordinary letters begin to be contrasted with initials (in European languages this happens in the 11th – 15th centuries). With the development of cursive writing, the form of letters became more rounded, resulting in, for example, such a form of writing as the unzial . In the Cyrillic alphabet, lowercase letters appear in the XVIII century with the introduction of the civil font ^[2] .

Content

Appearance

Latin alphabet

The modern standard Latin alphabet consists of 26 uppercase and the same number of lowercase letters: ^[3]

uppercase	A	B	C	D	E	F	G	H	I	J	K	L	M	N	O	P	Q	R	S	T	U	V	W	X	Y	Z
lowercase	a	b	c	d	e	f	g	h	i	j	k	l	m	n	o	p	q	r	s	t	u	v	w	x	y	z

Cyrillic

Modern Russian Cyrillic consists of 33 uppercase and the same number of lowercase letters: ^[3]

uppercase	BUT	B	AT	G	D	E	Yo	F	3	AND	Th	TO	L	M	N	ABOUT	P	R	WITH	T	At	F	X	Ts	H	W	U	B	S	B	E	YU	I
lowercase	but	b	at	g	d	e	ё	well	s	and	th	to	l	m	n	about	P	R	with	t	at	f	x	c	h	w	u	b	s	b	uh	Yu	I

Greek Alphabet

In the Greek language , 24 uppercase and 25 lowercase letters are used: ^[4]

uppercase	Α	Β	Γ	Δ	Ε	Ζ	Η	Θ	Ι	Κ	Λ	Μ	Ν	Ξ	Ο	Π	Ρ	Σ	Τ	Υ	Φ	Χ	Ψ	Ω
lowercase	α	β	γ	δ	ε	ζ	η	θ	ι	κ	λ	μ	ν	ξ	ο	π	ρ	σ, ς	τ	υ	φ	χ	ψ	ω

Armenian alphabet

The modern Armenian alphabet consists of 38 uppercase and the same number of lowercase letters: ^[3]

uppercase	Ա	Բ	Գ	Դ	Ե	Զ	Է	Ը	Թ	Ժ	Ի	Լ	Խ	Ծ	Կ	Հ	Ձ	Ղ	Ճ	Մ	Յ	Ն	Շ	Ո	Չ	Պ	Ջ	Ռ	Ս	Վ	Տ	Ր	Ց	Ւ	Փ	Ք	Օ	Ֆ
lowercase	ա	բ	գ	դ	ե	զ	է	ը	թ	ժ	ի	լ	խ	ծ	կ	հ	ձ	ղ	ճ	մ	յ	ն	շ	ո	չ	պ	ջ	ռ	ս	վ	տ	ր	ց	ւ	փ	ք	օ	ֆ

Notes

↑ Akhmanova O.S. Letter // Dictionary of linguistic terms . - Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1966. - S. 69. - 614 p. - ISBN 9785458521925 .
↑ ¹ ² ³ Lowercase // Dogs - String. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1976. - S. 595-596. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 24, Prince I).
↑ ¹ ² ³ Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary / Editor-in-chief V.N.Yartseva . - Moscow, 1990 .-- 685 p. - ISBN 5-85270-031-2 .
↑ I.P. Khorikov, M.G. Malev. Modern Greek-Russian Dictionary: About 67,000 words / Edited by P. Perdikis and T. Papadopoulos. - Moscow: Russian language, 1980. - S. 10. - 856 p.

[1] Akhmanova O.S. Letter // Dictionary of linguistic terms . - Moscow: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1966. - S. 69. - 614 p. - ISBN 9785458521925 .

[bse-2] ¹ ² ³ Lowercase // Dogs - String. - M .: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1976. - S. 595-596. - (The Great Soviet Encyclopedia : [in 30 vol.] / Ch. Ed. A. M. Prokhorov ; 1969-1978, vol. 24, Prince I).

[лингв-3] ¹ ² ³ Linguistic Encyclopedic Dictionary / Editor-in-chief V.N.Yartseva . - Moscow, 1990 .-- 685 p. - ISBN 5-85270-031-2 .

[4] I.P. Khorikov, M.G. Malev. Modern Greek-Russian Dictionary: About 67,000 words / Edited by P. Perdikis and T. Papadopoulos. - Moscow: Russian language, 1980. - S. 10. - 856 p.