Princess Evgenia Sergeevna Dolgorukaya , nee Smirnova [1] ( December 24, 1770 ( January 4, 1771 ) - May 12 (24), 1804 , Vladimir ) - the wife of the poet Ivan Dolgorukov , praised by him in many poems.
| Evgenia Sergeevna Dolgorukaya | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Birth name | Evgenia Sergeevna Smirnova |
| Date of Birth | December 24, 1770 ( January 4, 1771 ) |
| Date of death | May 12 (24) 1804 (33 years old) |
| Place of death | Vladimir |
| Nationality | Russian empire |
| Father | Sergey Maksimovich Smirnov (d. 1774) |
| Mother | Evdokia Sergeyevna Smirnova (d. 1798) |
| Children | 10 children |
Biography
Smirnova’s father, captain Sergei Maksimovich Smirnov, was killed by Pugachev in 1774, and the little girl was left in the arms of her mother, who besides her had 4 sons and another daughter Nadezhda [2] , and only 17 peasants' souls near the village of Podzolovo, Tver province . Her mother, Avdotya Sergeevna (d. 1798) [3] :
| ... She was poor, without upbringing, but endowed with natural good meaning and good qualities of the heart. |
She wanted to educate the children. The case helped. During Catherine II ’s Travel to Russia through the Countess E.M. Rumyantseva [4] , her mother managed to attach her children to educational institutions, and Evgenia was taken up by the Empress’s daughter-in-law, Grand Duchess Natalia Alekseevna . By the time Evgenia, having married, was visited by her mother, Evgenia's elder brother became a sea captain, the second one studied at the Cadet Naval Corps, the youngest was already registered as an “underfighter” in the Izmailovsky Regiment [5] .
After the death of the Grand Duchess, the girl was assigned to the Smolny Institute , where she completed the course in 1785, having received a code for her successes. I practically didn’t know her family, since her mother came from her Podzolov very rarely, and the meetings in the presence of the teacher were short. After graduation, she began to enjoy the patronage of the next daughter-in-law of the Empress - Grand Duchess Maria Fedorovna . She participated in theatrical performances in the palace and in high-profile amateur performances, where she met Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Dolgoruky , whom she married on January 31, 1787, and her wedding was celebrated in the palace of Pavel Petrovich.
“The marriage was very happy: the princess was a meek, loving creature, dying the inconstant, sometimes too ardent character of her husband, who, in turn, idolized his wife and sang her in his poems” [6] .
Ivan Mikhailovich describes in his memoirs how the newlyweds went to visit the mother of the bride: “It would be enough for all of us and this one family connection, so that we miss each other for two days, be glad of separation, and find relief in it, but I also wanted to brag to my mother-in-law neighbors in that her daughter, by the grace of Tsarskoy in diamonds, and the wife of Prince Dolgorukov, and that she is no longer such an orphan in her circle. For etova, she decided to give lunch in the village and convene a bunch of guests. Oh my God! - Who was not here? County judges, assessors, solicitors and any zbrod came over. The yeast, so to speak, of the noble estate ... I still could not appreciate their characters by the ranks of each, and it was striking to me mainly their treatment with their most ridiculous side. A feast day has been set. Guests began to come from all crossroads, both in carts, in rulers, and in old huts. What a spouse! What a roommate! (...) Decency, however, demanded that we share with the mother-in-law the labor of refreshments. In the morning they began to eat, calling the table with all sorts of appetizers; lunch came, everyone sat down to eat again. During the day, French vodka did not leave the table, and the samovar was boiling unceasingly. Others still had to be left for the night, because neither legs nor arms acted; all guests went to bed on the spot, and the whole day the solemn feast continued. We will not talk about the table, nor about the service, even less about the conversation of the guests and their treatment. Alas! - everything corresponded to the previous one. It seemed to us that we were transferred to the distant century of our world. ”
No wonder, in a simple rite
At home with Nina, living is my paradise;
With her in the field or in the city
I am kind to every land.
With her misery I do not know;
Everything for me and everything in character.
Nina is here - I do not miss;
Nina is not - and there is no fun!
We take part
With her is equal in everything;
On a rainy day, do not lose heart,
In the red dance and sing.
Alien lobe is not jealous
And, honoring nature,
We are not indignant at the gods,
That our destiny is not noble. (...)
After 15 years of marriage, Princess Dolgoruky showed signs of consumption, which brought her to the grave. She died in Vladimir, May 12, 1804, and was buried in Moscow, in the Donskoy Monastery, next to her husband, who in 1808 dedicated to her memory a collection of his poems “Twilight of My Life”. Their grave with a fence has been preserved, but only the name of her husband is indicated on the tombstone of the mid-20th century.
In society, Princess Dolgorukaya was known by the name “Nina”, obtained by her after she very successfully performed the leading role in the play “ Nina ou la folle par amour ” on the amateur stage . (In this role, she was depicted in one portrait, small, full-length; this portrait subsequently belonged to her second son Alexander). Another portrait, painted by Voila, is in the Pushkin Museum.
Children
I had children in marriage:
- Pavel Ivanovich (11/21/1787 - 02/08/1845), real state adviser (1842); served in the Ministry of War, then in the Ministry of Finance. Married to Princess Elizabeth Petrovna Golitsyna (1800-1863), daughter of Prince Pyotr Vasilyevich Golitsyn (1763-?) And Ekaterina Petrovna Karamysheva.
- Maria Ivanovna (02.19.1789 - 11.20.1808), died of consumption.
- Mikhail Ivanovich (07.07.1791 - 08.15.1791)
- Alexander Ivanovich (06/07/1973 - 12/07/1868), a writer who graduated from the University of Gottingen, first served in the military and then in the civil service. Participant in the Patriotic War of 1812. Having retired, living mainly in Moscow, he gained universal respect for enlightenment, kindness and affection. He assisted the needy, including the peasants. G. 1) Elena Ivanovna Koloshina 2) (since 1837) bar. Anna Lvovna Bode (1815-1897), daughter of a bar. Lev Karlovich Bode (1787-1859) and Natalya Fedorovna Kolycheva.
- Varvara-Antonina Ivanovna (08/11/1974 - 12/22/18/77), since 1820 married to Privy Councilor P. A. Novikov (1797-1868).
- Pyotr Ivanovich (02.10.1796 - 03.13.1796)
- Dmitry Ivanovich (08/10/797 - 10/19/1867), from 1845 and 1854 he was plenipotentiary minister at the Persian court, then a senator. During the beginning of the Crimean campaign, he achieved the neutrality of Persia. He was considered a connoisseur of art, and especially painting. The only one of the sons who left offspring is Princess Eugene and Natalya Dmitrievna Dolgoruky.
- Rafail Ivanovich (08.10.1797-21.12.1798), twin.
- Natalia-Evgenia Ivanovna (06/18/1800 - 11/16/1819), died of consumption.
- Mikhail-Rafail Ivanovich (05.19.1802 - 08.24.1826), died in Florence, where he was in the diplomatic service, was the senior secretary of the Russian mission.
Notes
- ↑ Sometimes the “Peaceful” form is found
- ↑ Nadezhda Sergeevna Smirnova graduated from the Smolny Institute in 1791 and returned to her mother’s village. Subsequently, the Dolgorukovs took her with them to Penza, where she married the merchant Philip Alferov. He was young, handsome, but without education, she was flattered by his wealth, but was mistaken. The merchant Alferov treated his wife rudely and cruelly, kept him locked up. Nadezhda Sergeevna did not live long with her husband and soon died childless .
- ↑ Dolgorukov I. M. The temple of my heart, or the Dictionary of all those persons with whom I have been in different ways throughout my life.-M., 1997
- ↑ Ekaterina Mikhailovna Rumyantseva, ur. Golitsyna (1724-1779) - the wife of the famous field marshal , was the clerk of the Grand Master. Princess Natalia Alekseevna .
- ↑ In one of the halls of the Russian Museum
- ↑ Russian portraits of the 18th and 19th centuries. Edition of the Grand Duke Nikolai Mikhailovich Romanov
- ↑ Lib.ru/ Classics: Dolgorukov Ivan Mikhailovich. Poems