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White Rock

White Skala (before Ak-Kaya until 1948; Ukrainian Bila Skel , Crimean Tat. Aq Qaya, Ak-Kaya ) is a village in the Belogorsk district of the Republic of Crimea , part of the Vishensky rural settlement (according to the administrative-territorial division of Ukraine - the Vichensky village council Autonomous Republic of Crimea ).

Village
White Rock
ukr Bila Skel
Crimean Tat Aq Qaya
Belayaskala 4.JPG
A countryRussia / Ukraine [1]
RegionRepublic of Crimea [2] / Autonomous Republic of Crimea [3]
AreaBelogorsk district
CommunityVishenskoye rural settlement [2] / Vishenskiy village council [3]
History and geography
First mention1784
Former namesbefore 1948 - Ak-Kaya
Center height158 m
TimezoneUTC + 3
Population
Population↘ 632 [4] people ( 2014 )
Official languageCrimean Tatar , Ukrainian , Russian
Digital identifiers
Telephone code+7 36559 [5] [6]
Postcode297614 [7] / 97614
OKATO code
OKTMO code35607419106
COATUU code120781902

Population

Population
2001 [8]2014 [4]
731↘ 632

The 2001 All-Ukrainian Census showed the following distribution by native speakers [9]

TonguePercent
Russian59.1
Crimean Tatar34.2
Ukrainian6.57

Population dynamics

  • 1805 - 111 people. [ten]
  • 1864 - 206 people. [eleven]
  • 1889 - 330 people. [12]
  • 1892 - 304 people. [13]
  • 1900 - 300 people. [14]
  • 1915 - - / 76 people. [15] [16]
  • 1926 - 355 people [17]
  • 1939 - 570 people [18]
  • 1989 - 691 people [18]
  • 2001 - 731 people [nineteen]
  • 2009 - 744 people [20]
  • 2014 - 632 people [21]

Current State

 
Monument to the victims of the deportation of 1944

In 2017, there are 4 streets and 1 lane in White Rock [22] ; for 2009, according to the village council, the village occupied an area of ​​66.6 hectares in which, in 232 courtyards, 744 people lived [20] . The village has a village club [23] , a branch library No. 17 [24] , a medical assistant and obstetric center [25] , a branch of the Russian Post [26] . A monument to the victims of the deportation of 1944 is located on the territory of the village.

Geography

The village of Belaya Skala is located in the center of the district. Located on the northern outskirts of the Inner Ridge of the Crimean Mountains , in the Biyuk-Karasu valley (Karasevka) on the left bank of the river, the height of the village center above sea level is 158 m [27] . The village lies 1 km down the valley from Yablochnoye , the distance to the regional center is about 5 kilometers (along the highway) [28] , the nearest railway station is Nizhnegorskaya (on the Dzhankoy - Feodosiya line ) - approximately 44 kilometers [29] . Transport communication is carried out on the regional road 35K-016 Nizhnegorsky - Belogorsk [30] (according to the Ukrainian classification - T-0112 [31] ). On the opposite bank of Biyuk-Karasu, White Rock, famous for the Mousterian sites, rises - a complex natural monument since 1981 [32] .

History

The first documentary mention of the village is found in the Cameral Description of Crimea ... 1784, judging by which, in the last period of the Crimean Khanate Ak-Kaya (recorded by Kaya ) was included in the Karasbazar Kadylyk Karasbazar Caimakanism [33] . After the annexation of the Crimea to Russia (8) on April 19, 1783 [34] , (8) on February 19, 1784, by the decree of Catherine II the senate , the Tauride region was formed in the territory of the former Crimean Khanate and the village was assigned to the Simferopol district [35] . After the Pavlovian reforms, from 1796 to 1802, it was part of Akmechetsky district of Novorossiysk province [36] . According to the new administrative division, after the establishment of the Taurida province on October 8 (20), 1802, Ak-Kaya was incorporated into the Tabulda parish of the Simferopol district.

According to Vedomosti about all the villages in the Simferopol district consisting of the testimony in which the volosts have as many courtyards and souls ... dated October 9, 1805, there were 24 courtyards and 111 inhabitants in the village of Ak-Kaya, exclusively the Crimean Tatars [10] . On the military topographic map of 1817 marked the village of Akkaya with 22 yards [38] . After the reform of the volost division of 1829, the village of Akkaya , according to the “Gazette of the state-owned volosts of the Tauride Gubernia of 1829” , was referred to as the Aytugan volost (transformed from Tabuldyn) [39] . On the map of 1842 in the village of Ak-Kaya there are 21 courtyards [40] .

In the 1860s, after the Zemstvo reform of Alexander II , the village was attributed to Zuiskaya volost . In the “List of Populated Places of Tavricheskaya Gubernia According to the Information of 1864,” compiled according to the results of the Eighth Revision of 1864, Ak-Kaya is a Tatar village with 44 yards, 206 inhabitants and a mosque attached to the Great Karasu River [11] There are 38 yards in the village of Ak-Kaya [41] ). In "The memorial book of the Tauride province in 1889," according to the results of the X revision of 1887, recorded in Ak-Kaya, with 56 yards and 330 inhabitants [12] . On the 1890 mile map in the village, there are 57 courtyards with a Tatar population [42] .

 

After the Zemsky reform of 1890 [43] Ak-Kai was referred to the renewed Tabulda parish . According to "... The memorial book of the Tauride province for 1892," in the village of Akkaya, which was part of the Alekseevskoye rural society , there were 304 inhabitants in 37 households, all landless [13] . According to "... the memorial book of the Tauride province for 1902" in the village of Akkaya, assigned to the county for the account , there were 300 inhabitants in 38 households [14] . According to the Statistical directory of Tavricheskaya province. Part II. Statistical essay, the release of the sixth Simferopol district, 1915 , in the village of Akkaya and the economy of the same name Selinova MA Tabulda parish Simferopol district there were 11 courtyards with a Russian population in the amount of 76 people "outsiders" residents [15] .

After the establishment of Soviet power in Crimea, by the resolution of Krymrevkom of January 8, 1921 [44] , the volost system was abolished and the village became part of the newly created Karasubazar district of Simferopol district [45] , and in 1922 the counties were called districts [46] . On October 11, 1923, according to the resolution of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, changes were made to the administrative division of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, as a result of which the districts were liquidated, the Karasubazar district became an independent administrative unit [47] and the village was included in its composition. According to the List of settlements of the Crimean ASSR according to the All-Union Census on December 17, 1926 , in the village of Ak-Kaya, the center of the village council of the Karasubazar district, which had been abolished by 1940 [48] , had 72 yards, all peasant, the population was 317 people, of which 213 were Tatar, 74 Russian, 14 Armenians, 5 Greeks, 4 Ukrainians, 2 Germans, 1 Bulgarian, 4 are recorded in the column “Others”, there was a Russian-Tatar school. There were 15 households in the eponymous state farm, 38 people (33 Russians, 3 Ukrainians, 1 Bulgarian, 1 Estonian) [17] . According to the all-Union census of 1939, 570 people lived in the village [18] .

In 1944, after the liberation of the Crimea from the fascists, according to the Decree of the State Defense Committee No. 5859 of May 11, 1944, on May 18, the Crimean Tatars from Ak-Kai were deported to Central Asia [49] , for that year 570 people were registered in the village, of which 327 Tatars, 77 Russians, 66 Armenians, 44 Ukrainians, 66 Armenians, 16 Bulgarians, 7 Greeks, 7 Poles [18] . On June 27, 1944, the Crimean Bulgarians, Greeks, and Armenians, according to the State Defense Committee Decree No. 5984ss of June 2, 1944, were also deported to Central Asia [50] . On August 12, 1944, Resolution No. GOKO-6372c “On the resettlement of collective farmers to the districts of Crimea” was adopted, in fulfillment of which immigrants were brought to the region: 6,000 people from Tambov and 2100 Kursk regions [51] , and in the early 1950s the second wave of immigrants from various regions of Ukraine [52] . On June 25, 1946, the Ak-Kaya was a part of the Crimean Region of the RSFSR [53] . By decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of May 18, 1948, Ak-Kai was renamed White Rock [54] . On April 26, 1954, the Crimean Region was transferred from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR [55] . On June 15, 1960, the village was already listed as part of the Vishensky Village Council [56] . According to the 1989 census , 691 people lived in the village [18] . Since February 12, 1991, the village was restored in the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic [57] , on February 26, 1992, renamed the Autonomous Republic of Crimea [58] . From March 21, 2014 - as part of the Republic of Crimea of ​​Russia [59] .

See also

  • White rock

Notes

  1. This settlement is located on the territory of the Crimean Peninsula , most of which is the object of territorial disagreements between Russia , which controls the disputed territory, and Ukraine , within the borders of which are recognized by the international community, the disputed territory is located. According to the federal structure of Russia , in the disputed territory of the Crimea, the constituent entities of the Russian Federation are located - the Republic of Crimea and the city ​​of federal importance Sevastopol . According to the administrative division of Ukraine , in the disputed territory of the Crimea are located the regions of Ukraine - the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and the city ​​with a special status Sevastopol .
  2. ↑ 1 2 According to the position of Russia
  3. ↑ 1 2 According to the position of Ukraine
  4. ↑ 1 2 2014 Population Census. Population of the Crimean Federal District, urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements (Neopr.) . The appeal date is September 6, 2015. Archived September 6, 2015.
  5. ↑ The Order of the Ministry of Communications and Mass Media of Russia “On Amendments to the Russian System and the Numbering Plan, approved by Order of the Ministry of Information Technologies and Communications of the Russian Federation of November 17, 2006 No. 142” (unidentified) . Ministry of Communications of Russia. The appeal date is July 24, 2016.
  6. ↑ New telephone codes of the cities of Crimea (Unsolved) (inaccessible link) . Krymtelekom. Circulation date July 24, 2016. Archived May 6, 2016.
  7. ↑ Order of Rossvyaz of 31.03.2014 No. 61 “On assignment of postal codes to postal communication objects”
  8. ↑ Ukraine. Population Census 2001 (Unsolved) . The appeal date is September 7, 2014. Archived September 7, 2014.
  9. ↑ Rozpodіl population for the new town, Autonomous Republic of Crimea (ukr.) (Inaccessible link - history ) . State Statistics Service of Ukraine. The date of appeal is 2015-06-245.
  10. ↑ 1 2 Lashkov F. F. A statement of all the villages in the Simferopol district consisting of an indication in which the volost has how many courtyards and souls ... of October 9, 1805. // News of the Taurian Scientific Commission . - Simferopol: Tavricheskaya Gubernskaya Printing House, 1897. - V. 26. - P. 91. - 176 p.
  11. ↑ 1 2 M.Raevsky. Tavricheskaya province. List of populated places according to 1864 40 (Neopr.) . St. Petersburg. Central Statistical Committee MIA. Typography of Karl Wolf. The appeal date is July 2, 2015.
  12. ↑ 1 2 Werner K.A. Alphabetical list of settlements // Collection of statistical information on the Tauride province . - Simferopol: Printing house of the newspaper Crimea, 1889. - Vol. 9. - 698 p.
  13. ↑ 1 2 Tavrichesky Provincial Statistical Committee. The calendar and the memorial book of the Tauride province in 1892 . - 1892. - p. 65.
  14. ↑ 1 2 Tavrichesky Provincial Statistical Committee. The calendar and the memorial book of the Tauride province for 1902 . - 1902. - pp. 116-117.
  15. ↑ 1 2 Part 2. Issue 6. List of localities. Simferopol district // Statistical reference book of the Tauride province / comp. F.N. Andrievsky; by ed. M.E. Benenson. - Simferopol, 1915. - p. 50.
  16. ↑ The first digit is the registered population, the second is temporary.
  17. ↑ 1 2 Team of authors (Crimean CSB). The list of settlements of the Crimean ASSR according to the all-Union census on December 17, 1926. . - Simferopol: Crimean Central Statistical Office., 1927. - p. 82, 83. - 219 p.
  18. ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 Muzafarov. R. Crimean Tatar Encyclopedia .. - Simferopol: VATAN, 1993. - Vol. 1.
  19. ↑ Ukraine. 2001 Population Census (Unsolved) (not available link) . The date of circulation is September 28, 2017. Archived September 7, 2014.
  20. ↑ 1 2 Cities and villages of Ukraine, 2009 , Vishensky selsovet.
  21. Population of the Crimean Federal District, urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements. (Neopr.) Federal State Statistics Service. The appeal date is November 12, 2017.
  22. ↑ Crimea, Belogorsky district, White Rock (Neopr.) . KLADR RF. The appeal date is October 24, 2017.
  23. ↑ The State Budgetary Institution of Culture of the Republic of Crimea “Center for Folk Art of the Republic of Crimea” (Neopr.) State budgetary institution of culture of the Republic of Crimea "Center of folk art of the Republic of Crimea". The date of appeal is November 26, 2017.
  24. ↑ The list of libraries MKUK "Belogorsk centralized library system" Belogorsk district (neop.) (Not available link) . Council of Ministers of the Republic of Crimea. The date of circulation is November 27, 2017. Archived December 1, 2017.
  25. ↑ On the acceptance of property into the state property of the Republic of Crimea (Unsolved) . Government of the Republic of Crimea. The date of appeal is November 26, 2017.
  26. ↑ Post office number 297614 ( Neopr .) . Independent rating of post offices in Russia. The date of appeal is November 27, 2017.
  27. ↑ Weather forecast with. White Rock (Crimea) (Unsolved) . Weather.in.ua. The appeal date is June 25, 2015.
  28. ↑ Route Belogorsk - Belaya Skala (Neopr.) . Dovezuha RF. The appeal date is November 21, 2017.
  29. ↑ Route Nizhnegorsky - White Rock (Neopr.) . Dovezuha RF. The appeal date is November 21, 2017.
  30. On approval of the criteria for the classification of public roads ... of the Republic of Crimea. (Neopr.) The Government of the Republic of Crimea (11.03.2015). The appeal date is November 24, 2017.
  31. List of public roads of local importance of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (Neopr.) . Council of Ministers of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea (2012). The appeal date is November 24, 2017.
  32. ↑ Crimean monuments of nature (Neopr.) . Journey to the Crimea. The appeal date is December 8, 2017.
  33. ↑ Lashkov F.F. Kaimakanstvo and those who are composed of Kaymakans // Cameral description of Crimea, 1784 . - Simferopol: Proceedings of the Tauride Academic Archival Commission, 1888. - Vol. 6.
  34. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Manifesto on the adoption of the Crimean peninsula, the island of Taman and the whole Kuban side under the Russian state. 1783 96
  35. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Decree of Catherine II on the formation of the Tauride region. February 8, 1784, p. 117.
  36. ↑ On the new division of the State in the Province. (Named, given to the Senate.)
  37. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , From the Decree of Alexander I to the Senate on the creation of the Taurida province, p. 124.
  38. ↑ Map Mukhina 1817. (Neopr.) Archaeological map of Crimea. The appeal date is June 29, 2015.
  39. ↑ Grzhibovskaya, 1999 , Statement of state-owned volosts of the Tauride province in 1829. p. 126.
  40. Map of Betev and Oberg. Military Topographical Depot, 1842 (Neopr.) . Archaeological map of Crimea. The appeal date is July 1, 2015.
  41. ↑ Three-Vertical Map of Crimea VTD 1865-1876. Sheet XXXIII-13-e (Unsolved) . Archaeological map of Crimea. The appeal date is July 2, 2015.
  42. ↑ The typesetting of Crimea from the Military Topographical Depot. (Neopr.) This is the Place.ru (1890). The appeal date is December 1, 2017.
  43. ↑ Boris Veselovsky. History zemstvos forty years. T. 4; History zemstvos . - St. Petersburg: Publisher O. N. Popova, 1911.
  44. ↑ History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. / P. T. Tronko . - 1974. - T. 12. - p. 521. - 15 000 copies.
  45. ↑ History of cities and villages of the Ukrainian SSR. / P. T. Tronko . - 1974. - T. 12. - p. 197-202. - 15 000 copies
  46. ↑ I. M. Sarkizov-Serazini . Population and industry. // Crimea. Guide / I.M. Sarkizov-Serazini. - Moscow-Leningrad: Land and Factory , 1925. - pp. 55-88. - 416 s.
  47. ↑ Administrative and territorial division of the Crimea (Neopr.) (Inaccessible link) . The appeal date is April 27, 2013. Archived April 29, 2013.
  48. ↑ Administrative division of the RSFSR on January 1, 1940 / under. ed. E. G. Korneev . - Moscow: 5th Printing Company Transzheldorizdat, 1940. - p. 388. - 494 p. - 15 000 copies
  49. Resolution of the State Defense Committee No. 5859ss dated 11.05.44 “On the Crimean Tatars”
  50. ↑ Resolution of the GKO dated June 2, 1944 No. GKO-5984ss "On eviction from the territory of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic Bulgarians, Greeks and Armenians"
  51. Resolution of the GKO dated August 12, 1944 No. GKO-6372c “On the resettlement of collective farmers to the districts of Crimea”
  52. ↑ How the Crimea was settled (1944–1954). (Unsolved) (inaccessible link) . Elvina Seitova, graduate student of the Faculty of History of TNU. The date of circulation is June 26, 2013. Archived June 30, 2013.
  53. ↑ Law of the RSFSR of June 25, 1946 On the Abolition of the Chechen-Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic and on the Transformation of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic into the Crimean Region
  54. ↑ Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the RSFSR of 05/18/1948 on the renaming of settlements in the Crimea region
  55. ↑ USSR Law of 04/26/1954 On the transfer of the Crimean region from the RSFSR to the Ukrainian SSR
  56. ↑ Directory of the administrative-territorial division of the Crimea region on June 15, 1960 / P. Sinelnikov. - Executive Committee of the Crimean Regional Council of Workers' Deputies. - Simferopol: Krymizdat, 1960. - p. 19. - 5000 copies.
  57. On the restoration of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Neopr.) . Popular Front "Sevastopol-Crimea-Russia". The appeal date is March 24, 2018.
  58. ↑ The Law of the Crimean Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic of February 26, 1992 No. 19-1 “On the Republic of Crimea as the official name of the democratic state of Crimea” (Neopr.) . Bulletin of the Supreme Council of Crimea, 1992, No. 5, Art. 194 (1992). Archived January 27, 2016.
  59. ↑ Federal Law of the Russian Federation of March 21, 2014 No. 6-FKZ “On the Admission to the Russian Federation of the Republic of Crimea and the Formation of the New Federation in the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the City of Federal Importance of Sevastopol”

Literature

  • Vishenskiy selsovet // Cities and villages of Ukraine. Autonomous Republic of Crimea. City of Sevastopol. Local history essays. - Glory of Sevastopol, 2009.
  • Administrative-territorial transformations in the Crimea. 1783-1998 Handbook / Ed. G. N. Grzybowski . - Simferopol: Tavriya Plus, 1999. - 464 p. - ISBN 966-7503-22-4 .

Links

  • from Bila Skelä Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Bіlogіrsky district (ukr.) . Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. The appeal date is October 30, 2014.
  • Map sheet L-36-XXIX .
  • Map of Belogorsky district of Crimea. Detailed map of Crimea - Belogorsk district (Neopr.) . crimea-map.com.ua. The appeal date is July 7, 2015.
Source - https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=White_Scala&oldid=101380006


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