The system of law of the Republic of Poland is a system of law , a set of legal rules governing public relations in Poland .
Content
Sources of modern Polish law
The sources of the system of Polish law are:
- Constitution of the Republic of Poland ;
- Laws of the Republic of Poland ;
- Ratified international treaties of the Republic of Poland ;
- By- laws ;
- Local normative acts (within the territorial and administrative competence of the bodies that adopted them);
- Private administrative legal acts (for persons in respect of whom they have been adopted).
Branches of law
The main branches of Polish law:
- civil law (Prawo cywilne);
- commercial law (Prawo handlowe);
- administrative law (Prawo administracyjne);
- constitutional law (Prawo konstytucyjne);
- private international law (Prawo prywatne międzynarodowe);
- tax law (Prawo podatkowe);
- criminal law (Prawo karne);
- family law (Prawo rodzinne);
- labor law (Prawo pracy);
- water law (Prawo wodne);
- copyright (Prawo autorskie);
- media law (Prawo prasowe).
Organization of legal proceedings
Civil and criminal cases are heard by jurors and a professional judge or volunteer judge.
The type of court that makes decisions in each case depends on the circumstances and the nature of the case.
The courts of first instance are specialized courts: a civil court, a criminal court, a family and juvenile court, and also economic and labor courts. Decisions made by them can be appealed to a court of second instance of the same type. Cases examined in specialized second-level courts may be appealed to the Court of Appeal. The condition for consideration of the appeal is extraordinary circumstances relating to this case.
The Supreme Court of the Republic of Poland has two functions:
- supervision of the activities of all courts and the uniform implementation of existing legal provisions in decisions;
- consideration of cassation complaints.
The Constitutional Tribunal interprets legislative acts and monitors the compliance of adopted laws with the provisions of the Constitution.
Publication of acts of Polish law
In accordance with the Law of July 20, 2000 (Dziennik Ustaw z 2000 r. Nr. 62, poz. 718), the official publication of regulations and some other legal acts is carried out by the official publications Dziennik Ustaw and Monitor Polski , as well as in the Internet system of legal acts (Internetowy System Aktów Prawnych) Chancellery of the Sejm .
See also
- Constitution of Poland