The battle on the Khorol River - the battle of March 1, 1184 between the troops of the Russian principalities and the Polovtsi , won by the Russian princes. It happened in the reign of Kiev Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich .
Battle of Khorol | |||
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date | March 1, 1184 | ||
Total | Victory of Russian squads | ||
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Content
Dating
The Kiev chronicle dates the battle to 6692 and places after the battle of Orel (6691). However, according to a comparative analysis undertaken by N. Berezhkov [1] , Konchak's February campaign against Russia, placed in the Kiev chronicle in an article under 6691 the year before the announcement of the battle at Orel (July 30), and Konchak’s defeat at Khorol on March 1, are one event dating back to 1184 and preceding the battle of Orel, also related to 1184.
Background
In 1183, Svetoslav Vsevolodovich, together with his ally and co-regent in Kiev, Rurik Rostislavich, went to the town of Olzhichi , there they joined with the Chernigov army of Yaroslav Vsevolodovich and agreed with his proposal to postpone a large-scale campaign against the Polovtsy for the summer.
Svyatoslav sent Kiev regiments to the steppe with his sons Oleg and Vsevolod , as well as Igor Svyatoslavich Novgorod-Seversky , whom he appointed in his stead , thereby entrusting him with the leadership of the march. Rurik Rostislavich sent Vladimir Glebovich Pereyaslavsky , who, although he depended on his uncle, Grand Duke Vladimir Vsevolod the Big Nest , was subordinate to Rurik as the eldest in the Monomakh family. Vladimir turned to Igor for permission to move ahead of the main army (presumably [2] advanced troops got more booty), and after receiving a refusal, he opened his regiments and robbed the principality of Igor. Igor, having sent the Kiev regiment home headed by Oleg Svyatoslavich, himself, along with his brother Vsevolod , Vsevolod Svyatoslavich and two other princes, known only by name (Andrei and Roman), continued the march, plundered the Polovtsian nomads, but prevented the spring from further advancement of the troops spill rivers.
Trekking
On February 23, 1184, Konchak , who had " Greek fire " and powerful crossbows , invaded Russia, in the vicinity of the city of Dmitrov. The troops of the Kiev principality headed by Svyatoslav Vsevolodovich, his co-regent Rurik Rostislavich , and also Mstislav Romanovich , and Pereyaslavsky principality headed by Vladimir Glebovich moved towards him. Yaroslav Vsevolodovich Chernigovsky began negotiations with Konchak, sending his boyar Alstina Oleksich to him. Igor Svyatoslavich sought to participate in the campaign, but his principality was at a distance from the Dnieper , where the main events took place. In particular, the messenger from Kiev rode up to Igor just 3 days before the Kiev troops marched.
In the campaign, Russian merchants were assisted by foreign merchants who had information about the whereabouts of the Polovtsian troops. Russian troops owned the initiative all the time of the battle, the role of the Polovtsi chronicle draws a passive. Despite the fact that Konchak was planning an invasion of Russia, it is not known whether a direct clash with a large Russian army was part of his plans after Kobyak was defeated on Orel. As a result of the battle, the Polovtsian army was crushed, suffering heavy casualties by those killed and captured. A Muslim mercenary Konchak, who led the service of the gun with "Greek fire", was captured among others. Konchak himself was able to escape.
After the victory at Khorol, Svyatoslav sent a detachment led by boyar Roman Nezdilovich, as well as black hoods , to the campaign on the Polovtsian nomads.
Notes
- ↑ Berezhkov N. G. Chronology of Russian Chronicle . M. 1963. P. 87
- ↑ Rybakov, B. A. Kievan Rus and the Russian principalities of the 12th — 13th centuries. - Moscow: Science, 1982. - 589 p.