Giovanni Pisano ( Italian: Giovanni Pisano ) (c. 1250 - c. 1315) - Italian sculptor and architect. The son and student of Niccolo Pisano , one of the figures of the Proto-Renaissance , he became a much more famous sculptor than his father. Giovanni Pisano's style is more freedom and dynamism, he shows the figures in motion and uses various means of dramatization, his sculptures are characterized by sharp turns and angular outlines.
| Giovanni Pisano | |
|---|---|
| Date of Birth | |
| Place of Birth | |
| Date of death | |
| Place of death | |
| A country | |
| Occupation | , |
| Father | |
Content
Biography
Giovanni Pisano was born in Pisa around 1245. In 1265–78 Giovanni worked with his father, and with his participation, a chair was created for the city cathedral in Siena, as well as the fountain Fonta Maggiore in Perugia. Pisano's first independent work was the sculptural decoration of the facade of the Leaning Baptistery of Pisa (1278–84). For the first time in Tuscany, monumental sculpture was organically incorporated into architectural design. The extraordinary vivacity of the Leaning sculptures of Pisa is the opposite of the calm serenity of his father's sculptures. Around 1270–1276, Pisano visited France. In most of his works, the influence of French Gothic is noticeable.
In 1285, Giovanni arrived in Siena , where from 1287 to 1296. served as chief architect of the cathedral. Full dynamics and dramatic figures of the sculptural composition of the facade of the cathedral testify to the significant influence of French Gothic sculpture on Pisano. Of all the Gothic Italian facades, Siena Cathedral has the most luxurious sculptural decoration. Later, he served as a model for the decoration of the Gothic cathedrals of Central Italy. In 1299, Giovanni returned to Pisa, where he worked as an architect and sculptor in the construction of church buildings.
One of the greatest achievements of Giovanni Pisano is considered to be the pulpit for the church of Sant Andrea in Pistoia (1297–1301). The subjects decorating the department of reliefs are also similar to those of Pisa. However, the faces of the characters are more expressive, their poses and gestures are more dramatic. The scenes of “Crucifixion” and “Beating of Babies” are especially expressive. Giovanni Pisano is the author of numerous statues of Madonnas, prophets and saints. The most famous sculpture of the Madonna is in the altar of the Scrovegni chapel (chapel del Arena) in Padua (c. 1305).
From 1302 to 1320 Giovanni Pisano worked on the department, intended for the Cathedral of Pisa. After the fire of 1599, the department was dismantled (for the time of repair) and restored only in 1926. The remaining "excess" fragments are stored in several museums around the world. In 1313, Giovanni began work on the tombstone of Empress Margaret of Luxembourg in Genoa (not finished). The last mention of Giovanni Pisano dates back to 1314, it is believed that he died soon after.
Sculptures by Giovanni Pisano
- Statues on the facade of Siena Cathedral, 1284–99
- Chair in the church of Sant Andrea in Pisto
- The lower part of the facade of the Siena Cathedral, 1284–99
- Chair in the Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta in Pisa
Notes
Literature
- World art culture of the 13th century
- Lazarev V.N., The Origin of the Italian Renaissance, vols. 1-2, M., 1956-59
- Fasola GN, Nicola Pisano, Roma, 1941
- Toesca I., Andrea e Nino Pisani, Firenze, 1950
- Mellini GL, Giovanni Pisano, Mil., [1970]