Argos [3] [4] ( Greek Άργος [2] ) is a city in Greece . It is located at an altitude of 42 meters above sea level [1] , in the north-eastern part of the Peloponnese peninsula, 96 kilometers south-west of Athens , 10 kilometers north-west of Nafplion and 34 kilometers north-east of Tripolis . The administrative center of the community (dima) is Argos-Mycenae in the peripheral unit of Argolide in the periphery of the Peloponnese . The population of 22 209 residents according to the 2011 census [2] .
| City | |
| Argos | |
|---|---|
| Greek Άργος | |
 From the upper rows of the ancient theater opens a panorama of modern Argos | |
| A country |  Greece |
| Status | Community Administrative Center |
| Periphery | Peloponnese |
| Peripheral unit | Argolis |
| Community | Argos Mykonos |
| History and Geography | |
| Area | 49,772 [1] km² |
| Center height | 42 [1] m |
| Timezone | and |
| Population | |
| Population | 22 209 [2] people ( 2011 ) |
| Digital identifiers | |
| Telephone code | +30 2751 |
| Postcode | |
The oldest constantly inhabited city in Europe [5] [6] .
Geography
The city is located in the center of the driest valley of Greece, on the tops of the hills Aspid (Prophet Elijah) and Larisa, on which there were two citadels. The city was located near the ancient cities of Mycenae and Tiryns , which are known by the poems of Homer as the kingdom of Agamemnon , but were already abandoned in the historical era, their role as the center of Argolis passed to Argos.
History
The foundation of the city dates back to 2000 BC. e. [6]
The main heyday of Argos are the late Middle Hellenic , early Mycenaean , as well as the geometric period .
The mythological history of the city is closely connected with King Adrast and his campaigns against Thebes , which became one of the favorite plots of the ancient Greek tragedies. "Seven against Thebes" - a failed campaign of heroes, in which all but Adrast died. Campaign of epigones is a successful campaign of children of fallen heroes. One of the central heroes of Homer 's Iliad is Diomedes , the grandson of Adrastus , king of Argos, dependent on Agamemnon , king of Mycenae.
It should also be mentioned Io , the daughter of King Inach, abducted by the Phoenicians according to one version, or simply escaped with them, according to another. This story is described by Herodotus [7] .
Like the rest of the Peloponnese, Argos was captured by the Dorians , with Argos probably being the first center for strengthening Doric power in the Peloponnese. The indigenous population of the region lived on the situation of perieks . Imperial power in Argos originates from Temen , a descendant of Hercules . Of the rulers of Argos stands out the figure of Fidon , who probably ruled in the VIII-VII centuries. BC e. He led an active offensive policy, subjugated Argolis , the island of Aegina . After him tyrants are known: Perill and Archin. Despite the common Dorian origin, Argos was a constant military rival to Sparta .
After the defeat of the Spartans under the Levctra in 371 BC. e. Argos withdrew from the Peloponnesian Union and entered into an agreement with Athens , and the following year the city was massacred by oligarchs, known as Argos skitalism .
In the III century BC. e. tyrants Arkhin and Lafaes are known, then Aristippus I, his son Aristomakh I . Aristomachus I died during the conspiracy in 241 BC. e. and power passed to his sons, first to Aristippus II , then to Aristomachus II . Aristippus II died in 235 BC. e. in the battle of Mycenae with Arat Sikionsky .
Transport
Through the city passes the national road 7 Kalamata - Corinth . National road 70 connects Argos with Nafplion and Palea Epidavros .
Railway station "Argos" It was opened in 1886 and closed in 2010.
Argos Community
The community of Argos consists of four communities. The population of 22 602 inhabitants according to the 2011 census [2] . An area of 49.772 square kilometers [1] .
| Locality | Population (2011) [2] , people |
|---|---|
| Akova | 167 |
| Argos | 22,209 |
| Cocla | 153 |
| Timenion | 73 |
Population
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1991 | 21 983 [8] |
| 2001 | 24,630 [8] |
| 2011 | ↘ 22 209 [2] |
Attractions
- Acropolis of Larisa
- Profitis Ilias Hill ( Greek: Προφήτης Ηλίας , Prophet Elijah)
- Theater [9] , the largest theater BC. e.
- Ancient agora [10]
- Archaeological Museum of Argos [eleven]
- Geryon , the sanctuary of Hera [12] . The city was one of the cult centers of worship of the goddess Hera. The sanctuary of Hera was located near Argos, on the mountain terrace. The first temple, probably built in the VIII century BC. e. , was one of the first Greek temples built according to the peripter scheme. The temple kept lists of priestesses of the goddess, which the Greek historians Gellanicus and Thucydides used as a starting point for chronology.
- Sanctuary of Apollo and Athens [13]
- Konstandopoulos Mansion designed by Ernst Ziller in 1911 [14]
- Town Hall, a two-story neoclassical building [15]
- The People's Market, a one-story building designed by Ernst Ziller in 1889 [16]
Persons
In the V — IV centuries. BC e. the city was famous for the sculptural workshop of Polyclette and his students. It was here that the foundations of classical Greek art were laid. The sculptures of Policletus “Dorifor” and “Diadumen” were called canons - samples.
- George Jarvis (1797-1828) - American phyllinus, died in the city and was buried with other participants in the Greek War of Independence 1821-1829. and phyllins in the church of Agios Ioannis (St. John).
See also
- Kings of Argos
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 Απογραφή πληθυσμού - κατοικιών της 18ης μαρτίου 2001 (μόνιμος πληθυσμός) (Greek) . - Πειραιάς: Εθνική στατιστική υπηρεσία της Ελλάδας , 2009. - Τ. I. - Σ. 350 . - ISSN 1106-5761 .
- ↑ 1 2 3 4 5 6 Πίνακας αποτελεσμάτων Μόνιμου Πληθυσμού-Απογραφής 2011 (Greek) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή (20 Μαρτίου 2014). Date of treatment October 22, 2017.
- ↑ Argos // Dictionary of geographical names of foreign countries / ed. ed. A.M. Komkov . - 3rd ed., Revised. and add. - M .: Nedra , 1986. - S. 7-31.
- ↑ Greece: Reference card: Scale 1: 1,000,000 / hl ed. Y. A. Topchiyan ; Ed .: G. A. Skachkova , N. N. Ryumin . - M .: Roskartografiya, Omsk Cartographic Factory , 2001. - (The countries of the world "Europe"). - 2000 copies.
- ↑ Bolender, Douglas J. Eventful Archaeologies: New Approaches to Social Transformation in the Archaeological Record . - SUNY Press, 2010-09-17. - P. 124–129. - ISBN 978-1-4384-3423-0 .
- ↑ 1 2 Goldie, R. Mainland Greece and Athens. - M .: FAIR, 2009. - S. 58. - ISBN 978-5-8183-1496-9 .
- ↑ Herodotus . Story. I, 1
- ↑ 1 2 Μόνιμος και Πραγματικός Πληθυσμός της Ελλάδος. Σύνολο Ελλάδος, νομοί, δήμοι / κοινότητες, δημοτικα / κοινοτικά διαμερίσμα και οικισμοί. Απογραφές πληθυσμού 2001 και 1991 (Greek) (unavailable link) . Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή . Date of treatment June 22, 2017. Archived July 16, 2006.
- ↑ Όλγα Ψυχογυιού. Αρχαίο θέατρο Άργους. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Ηραίο Άργους. Ιστορικό (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Όλγα Ψυχογυιού. Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο Άργους. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Όλγα Ψυχογυιού. Ηραίο Άργους. Ιστορικό (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Ιερά Απόλλωνος Δειραδιώτη και Αθηνάς Οξυδερκούς. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Αρχοντικό Κωνσταντόπουλου. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Ευγενία Γατοπούλου. Δημαρχείο Άργους. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
- ↑ Δημοτική Αγορά Άργους. Περιγραφή (Greek) . Οδυσσέας . Υπουργείο Πολιτισμού και Αθλητισμού (2012). Date of treatment March 3, 2018.
Links
- Argos // Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary : in 86 volumes (82 volumes and 4 additional). - SPb. , 1890-1907.
- Argos fortress