The Paris Peace Treaty of 1801 - a peace treaty signed between Russia and France on the 18th of December of the Year X of the Republic ( September 28 ( October 10 ), 1801 ) in Paris by Russian Ambassador Count A. Morkov and French Foreign Minister Talleyrand . The treaty officially ended Russia's participation in the Second Coalition War .
Paris Peace Treaty | |
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Type of contract | peace treaty |
date of signing | September 28 ( October 10 ) 1801 |
• a place | |
Have signed | Morkov, Arkady Ivanovich Charles Moris de Talleyrand |
Parties | Russian empire First French Republic |
Content
Prerequisites to the contract
Dissatisfied with their allies - England and Austria, the Russian emperor Paul I recalled the Russian troops operating against the French, effectively removing Russia from the second anti-French coalition. The First Consul of France, Napoleon Bonaparte , who sought to gain an ally against Russia in the person of Russia, began negotiations with Paul I on peace and alliance. Pavel’s death destroyed Napoleon’s hopes of an alliance with Russia, but Pavel’s successor Alexander I continued negotiations on peace with France.
Contract Terms
The Paris Peace Treaty proclaimed peace and friendship between France and Russia (Art. 1), mutually pledging not to help external and internal enemies of the other side and to deny patronage to those subjects who would conduct hostile activities in a friendly country (Art. 2 and 3 ). Trade relations between the two countries were restored before the conclusion of the new treaty on previously existing grounds (Article 5).
The main and most important act was the secret convention on European affairs. France and Russia pledged to act together in the matter of remunerating the German princes, who had lost possessions on the left bank of the Rhine under the Luneville Peace Treaty of 1801, due to the secularization of church possessions. At the same time, both sides agreed, whenever possible, not to allow major changes in the German Empire and to maintain a balance between Austria and Prussia (Article 1). Bavaria and Württemberg, under the auspices of Russia, were to receive appropriate compensation for their territorial losses. Both sides also agreed to act in agreement in resolving the political affairs of Italy and the papal throne (art. 2).
The French government pledged to preserve the inviolability of the Neapolitan possessions and immediately after deciding the fate of Egypt, recognize the neutrality of the Neapolitan kingdom and withdraw the French troops from it (Articles 4 and 5). Regarding the Kingdom of Sardinia ( Piedmont ), France confined itself to an indefinite obligation to “engage friendly and benevolently, in agreement with Russia, the interests of the King of Sardinia, since this is possible in the present state of affairs” (Article 6).
Both states recognized the independence and constitution of the Republic of the Seven (Ionian) Islands , and Russia pledged to withdraw its troops from there (Article 9).
Russia assumed the mediation in the conclusion of peace between France and Turkey and promised to petition in Constantinople for the release of French prisoners (Articles 3 and 10).
One of the articles of the convention, directed against England, imposed on Russia and France an obligation to act jointly in order to “restore balance” in different parts of the world and ensure the freedom of navigation.
Consequences of the contract
Both parties were not satisfied with the signed contract. Russia failed to achieve the withdrawal of French troops from Italy and retain the dominant influence in the affairs of the German Empire. In France, the treaty was viewed as “bonds imposed on France.”
The failure of the French government to fulfill its obligations concerning Italy and its unilateral actions in Germany caused an ever-increasing cooling between Paris and St. Petersburg. Alexander I, who was wary of Napoleon’s actions, leaned on Britain’s proposals for an alliance against France in order to limit its expansion in Europe. In 1804 there was a break in the Franco-Russian diplomatic relations, and then Russia entered the third anti-French coalition.