Johann Gottfried Schedel or Johann Gottfried Scheiden [2] [3] ( German: Johann Gottfried Schädel (Scheiden) ; in Russian Ivan Ivanovich [4] ; ; - , ) - German baroque architect , who worked from 1713 in the Russian Empire, first in St. Petersburg , then in Kiev .
| Johann Gottfried Schedel | |
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| Johann Gottfried Schädel (Scheiden) | |
| Basic information | |
| A country | |
| Date of Birth | |
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| Works and achievements | |
| Worked in cities | St. Petersburg , Moscow , Kiev and others. |
| Architectural style | Baroque |
| Major buildings | |
Content
Biography
Johann Gottfried Schedel was born in Silesia in the 1680s, came to St. Petersburg in 1713 with his family at the invitation of the Most High Prince A.D. Menshikov with a definition of salary under the contract of 400 Reichstealers (384 rubles). He built the Menshikov Palaces in St. Petersburg and in Oranienbaum (1713–1727); rebuilt the house of Menshikov in Kronstadt (together with I. F. Braunstein ), the palace "Favorite" in Strelna (1716), the house church of the Resurrection of Christ at Vasileostrovsky Palace .
After the opals of Menshikov Schedel in 1727 - 1729 he was on the staff of the Office of the buildings in the rank of "ward master". In 1729 he received the title of architect. In the same year he was sent to Moscow to the architect Ober F. Rastrelli and took part in the construction of the Kremlin Annenhof . In the Kremlin, designed and laid the Church of the Annunciation , St. Nicholas Church - in a. Domodedovo, builds the bell tower of the Donskoy Monastery (finished architect. A. Evlashev ).
Since 1731, he actively worked in the Kiev-Pechersk Lavra during the construction of the bell tower, galleries in the Near and Far Caves, keys and cells, rebuilt the building of the Theological Academy on Podol , also the Metropolitan's house, bell tower and gate to the Sofia monastery, designs the St. Andrew’s Church .
Repeatedly applied for departure, but never received permission. From 1744 he did not receive a salary, died in Kiev in extreme poverty on February 10, 1752.
Famous buildings
- The Grand Menshikov Palace in Oranienbaum (1711-1727)
- Palace A.D. Menshikov in St. Petersburg (1716-1726), together with the architect Fontana . On the north side of the Schedel, there were two outbuildings that formed a closed courtyard; from the west - a two-storey outbuilding with three-storey "Corner Chambers". In 1727 he laid the foundations of the east wing of the palace. Designed palace interiors. Built a detached palace church of the Resurrection of Christ (1713)
- Bell tower of Kiev-Pechersk Lavra (1731-45)
- Klovsky Palace in Kiev
- The Church of the Annunciation in the Zhitniy Dvor (1731) on the territory of the Moscow Kremlin (destroyed in 1932)
- Gate Zaborovsky . 1744-1746
- The old academic building of the Kiev-Mogilyan Academy .
Menshikov Palace in St. Petersburg
Grand Menshikov Palace in Oranienbaum
Klovsky Palace
Documentary films
- About Schedele, directed by Valentin Sokolovsky , a television film was shot in 1995 ( National Television Company of Ukraine , the creative association Ukrtelefilm ).
- The plot of the Petersburg period of the work of the architect was filmed for the television film VGTRK "Culture" "Paint, Petrov! Architects Francesco Fontana, Johann Gottfried Schedel, Jean-Baptiste Leblon " [5] .
Notes
- ↑ 1 2 German National Library , Berlin State Library , Bavarian State Library , etc. Record # 129351814 // Common Regulatory Control (GND) - 2012—2016.
- ↑ Readings in the Imperial Society of Russian History and Russian Antiquities at Moscow Universityѣ. Imperial Society of Russian History and Antiquities (Moscow), Univ., 1858 p. 193
- ↑ Nikolai Vasilyevich Zakrevsky Description of Kiev: Volume Two. Moscow Archaeological Society, 1868 p. 687
- ↑ Monthly for art and antiquity lovers. 1911 p. 135, 147
- ↑ http://tvkultura.ru/video/show/brand_id/23834/episode_id/361621/video_id/361621/
Literature
- Grabar I. E. Gottfried Schedel // Grabar I. E. Petersburg architecture in the XVIII — XIX centuries. Spb., 1994
- Gorbenko E.V. Creativity of the architect I. G. Schedel. Author. diss. ... Cand. art history. L., 1975
- Andreeva E. A. Palace architect I. G. Schedel: the tragic fate of a foreigner in Russia // Andreeva E. A. The Petersburg residence of A. D. Menshikov in the first third of the 18th century; description of chambers, mansions and garden. SPb., Historical illustration, 2013 pp.51-58