Artein

There are three options for the origin of the name of the urban area: it is either the bird's height ( Irl. Ard Tain ), or the height of Aiden ( Irl. Ard Aidhean ), or a small height ( Irl. Ard In ). In old documents, the letter “T” was put at the beginning of the word, since it begins with a vowel. According to an ancient legend, a hill overlooked a field with a large number of birds, since this was one of the first sites cleared of forest ^[3] .

Already eight thousand years ago, the territory was inhabited by people. Archaeologists have discovered various tools for agriculture and hunting. The following inhabitants of the territory had much more developed hunting equipment. They already had jewelry and there was a burial ceremony. In nearby Kulok, many Bronze Age burial mounds were discovered, among which are well-preserved. Later, the lands between the Liffey and Boyne rivers were called Magh Breagha, and they passed to King Leinster as a dowry with King Conor's daughter. However, for a long time no one claimed them and until the XI century they were part of the province of Meath ^[3] .

In subsequent centuries, the center of activity was neighboring Kulok, the first church in which was built back in the VI century. The XI century was marked by the invasion of the Vikings , who plundered the settlement. Later, the raids were more organized, with the participation of Norwegians and Danes . They set up their own settlements and began to call the area the territory of strangers , or Fine Gall . The name Fingal, given later than the northern part of Dublin, has survived to this day. Norwegians and Danes often clashed with each other, and were defeated in 1014 ( eng. Battle of Clontarf ). It is believed that the remains of people and horses found near Bonnibrook in 1934 belong to this battle ^[3] .

After the Norman invasion in 1169, Ireland was divided into baronies . Artein was located on the territory of the barony of Kulok and in 1170 became the property of the Nugent family, which received possession not directly from King Henry II , but from the League. In response, the new owners of the area were required to supply five knights on demand ^[3] .

In the fourteenth century, the lands of Artein for 40 shillings went to Robert de Hollywood and his family, who owned lands in the counties of Dublin , Meath and Wexford . It is believed that Lionel Antwerp, Duke of Clarence , knighted Robert. In 1387, the castle of Artein was built. On July 28, 1534, after the unrest surrounding the arrest and probable assassination of Count Kildare at the Tower of London , Archbishop John Allen, a supporter of King Henry VIII , was brutally murdered in Arteyn Castle by Thomas Fitzgerald, Lord Offaly. After this event, for many centuries the castle was fenced and closed to outsiders ^[3] .

During the uprising of 1641, with the consent of Christopher Hollywood, Netherville's rebel army was in the castle. In 1642, the owner of the castle and his son Nicholas were outlawed. However, despite land litigation, which included 244 acres of Artein, remained in the Hollywood family. Only in 1748 did the male line cease and the lands passed to the Earl of Granard, while members of the Hollywood family lived for some time in the castle ^[3] .

The historic Artein Castle was destroyed after the lands passed by Matthew Boyle in 1825. A few hundred meters from it was built a modern residence, also called Arteyn Castle. In 1870, the castle was sold to the Irish Christian Brotherhood, which built a monastery and an industrial school. It is believed that the stones of the old castle were used in the construction. The building currently does not exist. The only reminder of the Hollywood family in Artein is the church, the first mention of which dates back to 1275. The church was in close proximity to the castle and was the family church, as well as the family tomb of Hollywood. Presumably, the church was destroyed in 1640, but burials on its territory continued until 1874 ^[3] .

On February 14, 1981, a severe fire broke out in the Stardust Ballroom, in which 48 people died and 200 were injured. Based on the results of the incident investigation, significant changes were made to the fire safety rules and relevant legal acts ^[4] .

In Artein were born:

• Thomas Kettle ( eng. Thomas Michael "Tom" Kettle , 1880 - 1916 ) - writer, lawyer, economist and politician-groomer.
• Larry Mullen ( born Larry Mullen ; born 1961 ) is an Irish musician, founder and drummer of the Irish band U2 , which was originally called The Larry Mullen Band, one of the most famous members of the Artane Boys Dublin marching band. Band
• Ronan Finn ( Ir. Ronan Finn ; genus 1987 ) - Irish soccer player, midfielder of the Shamrock Rovers club, champion of Ireland in 2011 .
• Brian McFadden ( ill. Brian McFadden ; born 1980 ) is an Irish musician, a former member of the Westlife pop group, now a solo artist.
• Brendan Gleeson ( Irl. Brendan Gleeson ; born 1955 ) - Irish actor, director and screenwriter, in 2009 was awarded the Emmy Award for the role of Winston Churchill in the film “Towards the Storm”.
• Veronica Guerin ( Irl. Veronica Guerin ; genus. 1958 - 1996 ) - a famous criminal reporter, killed by drug mafia .
• Frank Stapleton ( born Frank Stapleton ; born 1956 ) is an Irish soccer player and football coach.
• Peter Snow ( born Peter Snow ; born 1938 ) is a British television and radio presenter and historian, holder of the Order of the British Empire for his services in the field of broadcasting (2006).
• John Sacrobosco ( Latin Johannes de Sacrobosco , English John of Holywood ; 1195 - 1256 ) - a medieval mathematician and astronomer.
• Jason Barry ( born Jason Barry ; born 1972 ) is an Irish actor known for his roles in the movie The Titanic and the crime series Love / Hate .

In Artein lived:

• Robert de Holywood ( born Robert de Holywood , died in 1384 ) is the founder of the Holywood family, the owners of Arteyn Castle, the Chief Justice of the Irish Treasury Court (1363–1364, 1367–1376).
• Liam Cunningham ( lat: Liam Cunningham ; born 1961 ) - Irish actor, studied at St. David's CBS.
• Ivan Beshoff ( eng. Ivan Beshoff ; 1885 - 1987 ) - a participant in the uprising on the battleship “Prince Potemkin-Tauride” , founded the Irish chain of fish-n-chips Beshoffs eateries in Arteyn .
• Bram Stoker ( English Abraham "Bram" Stoker ; 1847 - 1912 ) is an Irish novelist, known for the Gothic novel "Dracula" (1897), born in Klontarf , spent his childhood in Artein, where his brother George was born.